International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 2013 Available online at www.irjabs.com ISSN 2251-838X / Vol, 7 (6): 362-366 Science Explorer Publications Energy and sustainable development in traditional architectural concepts of rural settlements West of Iran ( case Uraman Village Bed ) S. Yousefi 1, Masoud Ahmadinejad 2, Mehryar Rostaminia 3 1. Professor of Islamic Azad University, Ilam Branch 2. Sama technical and vocatinal training college, Islamic azad university, Ilam branch, Ilam, Iran 3. professor in Payam-e-Noor University, Ilam center Corresponding Author email: Mehryar Rostaminia ABSTRACT: and their surrounding materials, the issue of converting the flower basket of the world scientific conferences Architecture is discussed. nonrenewable energy of the principles of sustainable development. Byshtrrvsh analytical and descriptive methods in this paper and its information practices and the use of library resources and information in the textbooks examined. Dhdba results show the extent of climate... Keywords: Sustainable development of energy Shiv, Uraman Flat Vernacular Architecture INTRODUCTION Today modeled according to the quantity and quality of the architecture has become a primary concern of the architects, and environmental approaches such as "sustainable development ¹», «Sustainable Energy ²», «Sustainable Architecture ³» is checked. Sustainable development is one of the most important and common Although many definitions of sustainable development have been presented, but the focus of all their attention to the next generation, the future of the environment and protection of the global environment is. (Gulzar Hatami, 2008) issues in international. The trends in contemporary Iranian architecture, traditional architecture with thought energy far has been the traditional procedures, will be necessary. The roots of traditional energy, sustainable development and Iran and deals with international issues. reality is that the sustainability criteria have been converted to the new era of economic development means just and today is the concept of substantive change. Given the breadth and diversity of Iran's climate, vernacular architecture and its different regions are formed in such a way to preserve cultural identity construction, the five principles of the heir, to avoid idleness, introversion, using a canvas material (general principles Ira nian architecture proposed by Professor Pirnia) has been observed. The architectural structure ( Uraman bed ) 's. It may be possible from the sun. The village is also incoming. The streets are relatively sharp slope above the village houses are often connected to the bottom of the slope so steeply that the steps are designed. (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Architecture of bed Uraman Energy in harmony with the traditional architecture of the region ( Uraman flat ) solutions. The overall goal of sustainable design is a building through proper utilization of natural resources, energy and to reduce the adverse impact of buildings on the environment.simultaneously in order to achieve a sustainable building aesthetic values, ecological, social, economic, moral and spiritual.sustainable architecture is therefore presented in the following patterns : to minimize the use of natural and renewable resources and renewable energy applications In recent decades, many examples advanced industrial countries, with emphasis on solar energy instead Brastfadh made using natural energy (wind, solar, geothermal, etc.) can provide heating and cooling the building., But the oldest The application of solar energy the Iranian knowingly lie Drbnaha and traditional buildings. In other words, passive solar systemss in their full range of advanced and used to replace the old Btvram renewables instead of fossil fuels as the main source of energy in our country are considered The main characteristic of solution that foresight and respect the rights of both current and future generations. Uraman natural and renewable energy in the region of maximum area is used to overcome the coldness of the following methods used to achieve this are: Main areas of housing in the south and southeast side of establishment of residential context on the northern slope of lack direct radiation of the sun. Entry to direct sunlight into the room through the window The use of materials with high thermal capacity. Building on the prevailing upwind. Improvement of environmental quality and the natural excelled Kurdistan is part of the income of the rural population of this site is financed. The destruction of the natural environment and not trying to create gardens on the slopes with steep valleys and beautiful face and natural environment of the region that will fascinate any viewer. Preservation of cultural and ethnic identity The traditional architectural monuments in Iran, according to Iranian culture and ethnic identity have shaped the architecture of belief and never mix of cultural, religious and ethnic people of the region have not. Even the decorations were used as the subsidiary organs are considered architectural, social not exempt from this rule as an agent of the inhabitants of the architecture itself, a few is influenced by diverse factors. The most important of these factors include cultural, ethnic and religious characteristics of the old traditions and culture of introversion common hierarchy of movement, access to mass building facade also affects the willingness to live together as a family with multiple. The environment is the most unique way of defining the physical characteristics of multi-family residence is in the form of a single building. Studies show that most families, groups and the groups are relatively common of housing. Social relations, culture and traditions of each public has an important influence on the shaping of the building. Collective life of the Pack family application of spaces belonging to the details of the family, separate life within the family class as well as how to create unit neighborhood and proximity to the influences of social relations 363
is considered. (Fig. 3) Each of the buildings in the area adjoining buildings are closely related to their lower. these roofs pack the house, your house is older, a social life along with the pack shows the correct connections. In the centuries since the mentioned areas of architecture and urbanism in the pack with a full understanding of class, to life. This is indicative of the richness of the culture of the village. rational use of land and buildings comply with the environmental Frequently seen in various parts of the human intervention irrational, nature and the environment they face The principles of sustainable development and the preservation of the environment is minimal interference artifacts can cause changes in the natural ecosystem. Special status and geographic diversity and a wide range of changes in the geography, has stepped rise architectural style. Significant correlation with each other around the house, especially the upper and lower, eventually led to the strengthening of social relations in the countryside. (Bagheri, E., 2008) (Table 1). Table 1. Factors influencing the results of the stepped architecture model Results Effective - Formation of perpendicular streets cold winds Air Ntayjjryan Thermal radiation - the direction of the north- south routes in the network to receive more sun light in winter Length width Mabrmvdbrshyb being economical in rural places Azmnhny Mabrasly of the following ( the same height Length width Mabrmvdbrshyb being economical in rural places - Follow the main path of the village water ( rivers, springs and canals ) - Physical development, thereby forming a linear pattern of residential units located on the water References: The authors Radiation and temperature Slope - Drinking water sources Natural Factors an economical alternative construction technology native solutions are considered. House architecture is compatible with the climate and comfort as a good model over time by repeated architectures. This time sequence patterns that are accepted by the local architectural shape, texture, size and material is logically consistent with local conditions. Building synchronization with the environment as much as possible with local construction methods and design and implement efficient Given that there are different climatic characteristics of each region, using materials that are compatible with the conditions, is necessary. Therefore inefficient materials and energy resources will result. The real meaning of being found Uraman Bvmavr bed, because people in all parts of life are self-sufficient and capable., One of the most important factors is the architecture of the self. Use of natural stone and wood from the region in the original area supports. The walls and stone houses in the mountain region that China's land is made without the use of mortar. And it's so great walls built with large stones and small rocks in place, which can be found below. Covered by the cover shot for Jvby use. (Fig. 2). 364
Figure 2. Use a dry stone roof China Tyrpvsh References: The authors CONCLUSIONS 's. traditional patterns of energy in different parts of the country, and more importantly, how to create and sustain patterns over the years, this architecture presents the principles and indicators. therefore proposed architecture in this area following In most traditional energy and sustainable development should be: Try to keep the fabric of the building to reduce heat loss occurs and the volume should be nearly square. In this region, the angle and direction of the sun in winter and summer, awnings for windows, especially windows are designed to keep South the summer and in the winter to allow the construction of optimal skylight give. In the case of new construction in the area, the components of this architecture can be used to comply with a collection of tissue. Materials used in this region should be a way to have a high thermal capacity and is able to store energy and is resistant to frost. nonrenewable resources, renewable energy and environmental quality will help. PS Sustainable Development or Sustainable Development is in fact a balance between development and environment.stability can be four aspects : sustainability of natural resources, political stability, social stability and economic stability. See : Nvabkhsh, M. ; principles of sustainable development, urban sociologists Publishing, Tehran, 2009, pp. 23 See : ghobadiyan, V. ; principles and concepts in contemporary architecture West, Cultural Research Bureau, Tehran, 2010 REFERENCES Goldsmith A.2004. Introduction of rural architecture, martyr Beheshti University. Hatami Gulzar E. 2008. traditional Iranian architecture and sustainable development, infrastructure engineering magazine, Issue 5, Pages 25-27 Kurdistan Cultural Heritage.2003. Anthropological Studies Oraman region, Thr Ann. Kurdistan Islamic Revolution Housing Foundation.2006. Studies of Kurdistan villages, Kamyaran Studies, pp. 12-11. Lanayy hair S.2004. the identity of the unknown West Iranian n Architecture Quarterly, Architecture and Culture, Number 22, page 196. 365
Mahmoud Hashem H, hair Lanayy S.2008. Looking at the Sky Architecture, Art Bulletin, No. 36, pp. 17-36. Pirnia MK.2003. The Architecture of Sbla Yra straw, inquiring and Nshrmmar publication, Tehran. Sabzevar Bagheri H, Rabie N. Vsarly.2008. Palngan architecture, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Rural Skvnthay Zagros and Sanandaj. 366