HOME FURNISHING Home furnishing help you to make your dream house come true. Every person wants their house to be a reflection of themselves, but don't know how to go about making it real. We will help them realize their dream of having a beautiful home.
What are Home Furnishing? Home furnishings refer to the different kinds of linen, furniture, fittings, flooring and the bundle of other accessories used for decorating and beautifying our homes. It includes a wide range ofbedspreads, furnishing fabrics, curtains, rugs, carpets, placemats, cushion covers, table covers, bed spreads, bath linen and much more.
Planning of Home Furnishing Creativity-ability to produce new ideas or things using skill and imagination Art-Creating unique effect of charm in a house by reflecting refined and cultured taste of the members Good taste-set up the home pleasant, agreeable, excelling, interesting, satisfying to ones own needs
Objective of Home Furnishing Beauty: It is the art of adjusting the space and equipments to suit the fundamental and cultural needs of the family and create a pleasant atmosphere. An awareness of good design and beauty is an integral part of the individual. Expressiveness: the quality which differentiates one home from another. It reflects markedly the very personality of the occupants. Functionalism: To provide comfort, service and pleasure apart from furniture and furnishing. Furniture must be arranged that it meets the needs as eating, sleeping, studying, relaxing of the family. No areas should be uncomfortable or uninviting,nor bits and pieces lying around making movement difficult.
Four qualities of Expressiveness Formality: unbroken lines, large space and symmetrical look.house front with two vertical halves are alike Informality : Bright,warm colors and simple comfortable furniture.houses express informality through modest size, asymmetrical balance Naturalness : Use of native materials, native styles, handwork showing natural irregularities in structure and primitive colors Modernism : express the spirit of modern age. The families who selected modern furnishing were associated with youth,carriage, logical and impersonal traits
Interior Decoration Defined as : It is a creativity which can transform an ordinary house Aim Planning color schemes Overcome structural defects Judge quality and care of furniture Judge good styling, mix and match style harmoniously Helps to handle walls and drape windows Plan light for efficiency, beauty and aesthetic satisfaction Express individual taste and preference within economic limitations.
Design Defined as: Any arrangement of line,form, space, value and texture. A good design shows an orderly arrangement of the material used and in addition enhances the beauty and charm of the finished product. Classified :Structural and Decorative Structural-Is suitable to the purpose which the article is made size, color,form and texture of the object.
Structural designs have four folds: Design must be suited to its purpose Must be simple Must have correct proportion Must be in consonance with the material Decorative design : Adds beauty of an article Decoration should be used in moderation Should be placed in structural points Decoration should add dignity to the design Should be suitable for the purpose for which the object is made
Elements and Principles of Design and Art Elements Principles Line Balance Form Proportion Texture Emphasis Pattern Rhythm Light Harmony Space Color =(To Attain) Beauty + Expressiveness +Functionalism
Elements of Art Space Line Form Texture Patterns Colour
Space and Form Space: Space defines the boundaries and sets the limits on the functional and decorative things you can do. Usually you will not determine the space; instead, you will be faced with the challenge of using the existing space effectively, livable and even dramatic. Form and space: Form gives space whatever dimension it has and space reveals and determines form
Space and Form Space measurable, identifiable contour of an object e.g. square, round, triangular shape Form takes account of shape but also encompass substances, (solid/liquid)three dimensional volume or mass, internal structure
Line Line describes the outline of a shape or space or dominant direction Types of lines: Vertical lines add height and dignity, creating a more formal atmosphere. Vertical lines also balance the horizontal lines found in most furniture. Horizontal lines tend to create a restful, informal feeling. They work well in casual rooms or as relief to the strong verticals of formal rooms. Diagonal lines attract attention and lead the eye. They can be disturbing unless supported by verticals or opposing diagonals. Curved lines add a softening effect and keep the room from becoming too stiff. Use curved lines with some restraint to keep the room from becoming too soft and overly feminine.
Texture-Beauty and Character Describes the surface quality of materials-feel when we touch Brings physical impression in everything we touch Holstering fabrics-irritating Too sleek-cold Texture can be emphasized or minimized by the light that falls on it. Hard,smooth surfaces magnify sound Soft,porous texture absorb sound Creates interest and variety
Patterns Repeated designs are called MOTIFS Naturalistic or realistic-natural subjects Stylized or conventional simplify the subject Abstract designs are based on familiar motifs Geometrical stripes, plaits or geometric shape Pattern applied to either an object or surface of a room-floor, wall, ceiling
Light It affects our perception and response to the environment Uniform lighting good for all kinds of work Bright light-stimulating, low levels of illumination quieting Warm colored cheerful Cool light-restful Light influence the mood and atmosphere
Colour Color can make a room beautiful. Color can set the mood. It can make a room warmer or cooler, larger or smaller. It can hide unsightly features or call attention to the center of interest. Even with the simplest furnishings, the proper use of color can transform a room.
Why are the elements of art important? A person can't create art without utilizing at least a few of the elements Secondly, knowing what the elements of artareenables us to (1) describe what an artist has done, (2) analyze what is going on in a particular piece and (3) communicate our thoughts and findings using acommon language.
Elements of Design Beauty can be created with the adoption of principles of design for any arrangements Major principles Proportion Balance Emphasis Rhythm
Balance BALANCE Balance in design is similar to balance in physics A large shape close to the center can be balancedby a small shape close to the edge. A large lighttoned shape will be balanced by a small dark tonedshape (the darker the shape the heavier it appears to be)
Balance Formal or symmetrical arrangements are identical and should deviate with equal distances from the imaginary centre Symmetrical formal balance-when objects on either side of the centre are exactly reverse of each other and placed equal distance from the centre Bi-symmetrical formal balance-when objects are not alike but equal in power of attraction. Informal-More creative than formal balance it produces stability by placing all different types and size of objects together
Proportion Law of relationship as it tells the relationship between an object with the major object of the same group. Relationship with size,shape,color,light, texture and pattern How to attain proportion of a room? Room that is too low may have ceiling of lighter color Narrow and long room two smaller walls should be colored dark in order to give an impression of moving inwards To increase the ht of the windows use long stripped draperies To increase the width of the windows -2 windows can be covered with one pelmet.
Emphasis Creates a centre of attraction eye carries first to the most imp thing in arrangement and from that point to every object in order of importance It is created by grouping objects,using contract colors,lines,and terms decorating the article and by leaving sufficient space around the object E.g. sofa in a drawing room
Rhythm Related to the movement Movement is created with regular measured rhythm when a shape is regularly repeated at proper intervals Variable rhythm where articles are arranged in the irregular intervals E.gfurniture in the drawing room unites with each other.
Principles of Furniture Expressive: suit the design of the house and express its mood, should express comfort,informality and simplicity egwood color and design of a furniture Style : Modern or traditional. Antique furniture can be kept as decorative piece Beauty: Colour, decorative work and designs create beauty and fulfill the purpose.combination of furniture also creates beauty. Utility: Furniture should have utility inorderto save space. Drawers and shelves underneath a bed and tables.it saves money as well as space. Comfort:Furnitureshould be functional and provide comfort. Special care to be taken for old person and child. Furniture can be moved easily flexibility, l ight weight, furniture having wheels Construction qualities: Good quality to serve its purpose. Quality of wood,joints should be durable.provide firmness to the furniture.
Arrangement of Furniture in Different Rooms It should give an impression of spaciousness To arranges with purpose and function in mind. Large pieces to be placed first,than smaller ones according to the space left. Bulky pieces to be kept against the wall,creates maximum impression of space.
Drawing Room There should be comfortable sofa,chairs,a centre table.table to keep TV, stereos, lamp etc Color scheme should be in quiet shade
Dinning Room Consist of dining table and required no.of dining chairs provided with cushion comfort A side board for storing crockery,cutlery etc Privacy to be maintained with arrangement of furniture.
Bed Room To be very comfortable. Beds should be placed in a way that there is clear traffic for the entrance door and between the dressing table and closet. Small tables to be placed on the sides of the bed to keep a table lamp or glasses Bed should not be in front of the door to have privacy
Carpets It adds warmth,texture, quietness and visual appeal to the floor. Gives furnished look Contribute beauty to the character of homes Alter apparent shape and size of the room It effects cost, cleaning time, appearance Synthetic carpets are durable, dirt resistance and easy to clean
Carpets Factors to be considered while selecting a carpet: Selecting the right carpet for the right area is very important. You need to check out the quality of the carpet. Budgetis also an important issue. So, you should do proper research on the carpets and compare the prices. Maintenancefactor should also be considered while selecting a carpet. A beautiful and stylish carpet can really add some elegance to your house thereby increasing its aesthetic value. You can give a fresh lookto the décor of your house by placing an attractive carpet. The color of the carpet is a crucial issue. You need to select it wisely. It should match well with the color coding of the interior. Carpet comes in different colors, designs, patterns, shapes and sizes. You need to choose the one that is compatible with the décor of your house.
Types of Carpets Wool: has excellent durability, can be dyed easily and is fairly abundant Nylon: Nylon is the most common material, printed easily and has excellent wear characteristics. Nylon tends to stain easily because it possesses dye sites on the fibre. Polyster: good physical properties and is inherently stain-resistant because it is hydrophobic Polyproplene: is used to produce carpet yarns because it is inexpensive Acrylic:Acrylicis fairly difficult to dye but is colourfast, washable and has the feel and appearance of wool making it an ideal rug fabric.
Pictures Select the picture in proportion to size of wall,large picture for large wall and small picture for small walls Leave sufficient empty space around the picture Hang all pictures with the bottom edge in one line. Irregular hung picture looks unattractive Pictures to be often placed over a sofa,tableor fire place. Smaller pictures can be grouped together for greater impact. Hung pictures in pleasing proportion to furnishings and walls create sense of balance and unity in interiors
Flower Arrangements Arranging flowers gives you a chance to participate in an art activity, to express yourself creatively, and to make your home or room more livable and attractive. Flowers are not expensive and are very refreshing,colourful and provide a lot of variety. Choose flowers whose color does not clash with colors of walls, curtains,sofa Select the flower vase of appropriate size.smallvase for large flowers and tall vase for small flowers Place the arrangements where it can be easily seen and appreciated Keep the size of the arrangement according to the place it is meant for
Styles in Flower Arrangement Modern style: Highly individualistic composition. No fixed rules and employs unorthodox materials for making flower arrangements. Greater freedom in personal expression is given Aim is to achieve strong, uncluttered effect with natural plant form.relyingon contrasting textures and shapes for greater impact
Styles of Flower Arrangements Traditional : Full symmetrical groupings of mixed flowers displayed in a highly decorated ornamental vase-colourful,expensive.large blooms and deep hues are placed in the centre,pale colors are used as outline Round or oval arrangements depending upon setting and plant materials
Oriental style-china, Japan, Egypt has been practiced with great skill for many years. They are more aesthetic groups of plant materials. Symbolic presentations of an ideal harmony which exists between earthly and eternal life. Triangle arrangement
Ikebana,the Japanese art Used as constant decorations in Japanese home An indispensable part of life. Guest are welcomed and bought to sit and Guest are welcomed and bought to sit and admire the beauty of flowers for a moment or two silence.
Principles of Flower Arrangements Line: Circular, triangle or rectangle. Form: Sphere, cone and cube-depends on the plant material and container. Texture: Surface of the plant material. Rose is velvety and zinnias is rough. There must be unity mongplant material, container and background Color: One dominant color is necessary for emphasis unity. Analogous colourscheme is the best type. Complementary color scheme looks best in large rooms or dim lights
Rhythm: Either slanting or upright or blossoms may form C or U curves. Curved stems,leaves,flower stalk, weeds and grasses can form rhythm. Proportion: Plant material should be one and half times as the cylindericalcontainer. Horizontal arrangements look good in shallow containers. Balance: Symmetrical or asymmetrical. Emphasis: Flower to be placed in the centre of the plant material and close to the neck of the container. Unity and harmony: Between the container and contents are must for effective flower arrangements. Roses look good in glass container.
Curtains and Draperies Curtains and draperies are chameleons. They work hard at blocking light and sound, heat and cold. They're also extraordinarily decorative and add enormous personality to a room.
Curtains and Draperies It changes the apparent size, shape and character of a room or the architectural awkwardness Small rooms look larger if curtains and draperies blend with and extend the length of walls Low rooms look higher if draperies go from ceiling to floor. Drapes and curtains control privacy,light,heat and noise.
Functions of Curtains and Draperies Help in maintaining privacy Control heat and light inside the room Absorbs and smoothen noise Add beauty to the room Help modify shape and size of the room Curtains hide architectural faults of the room Brings coziness to the room
Curtains They are light weight, lined fabric that filters and diffuses light They are used alone or under drapery,close to the window. Draw curtains: Transparent and opaque mounted on traverse rods Drapes: loosely hung fabrics. They are heavy,opaque that can be drawn or stand idly at the sides of windows. Glass curtains : Thin transparent fabrics which hang next to glass Cornice: Rigid horizontal bands of several inches wide placed on window top to conceal curtain tops and rods from which they are hung
Cornices, Valance, Ropes and Cords Cornices: Horizontal bands several inches wide placed at the window top to hide curtain tops Valance: Gathered or pleated or piece of straight fabric stiffened with buckram.used to hide from view an ugly top part of windows. Ropes and Cords or Beads-Used where curtains and draperies are not used.hung closely very near to one another as a substitute.
Curtain style Material used for curtains should be strong, durable and flexible Denim is strong and durable while gingham is informal Satin hangs in soft folds and dressy when woven of smooth silk Dark colored curtains stand out against light colored wall
Factors that affect selection of fabric Texture color and pattern of the fabric Laundry qualities of fabric Cost Sunlight Durability of the fabric Ability to retain the shape on constant hanging after dry cleaning Resistance to insect attack
Fabrics available in market Brocade- Damask Gabardine Gingham Plastic Satin Taffeta Velvet Organdy
Draperies Found with glass curtains, large doorways as a separating part of a room. They are heavier and do not necessarily pull across the opening they cover. They are loosely hung. Used for decoration purpose
Selection of Curtains and Draperies Small rooms look large if curtains and draperies blend with wall Rooms of low ceiling give an appearance of height if diagonal lines are used on curtains Plain curtains should be used in rooms that have more patterns in them.eg many pictures and pattern in furniture Plain curtains can be used with plain walls so as to give a sense of continuity and spaciousness When choosing curtains with patterns,size of room,general color of the furnishing should be kept in mind. If there are too many windows,pattern of curtains should be less striking.
Things Learnt Home Furnishing: Planning and Objectives Interior Decoration Design Elements and Principles of Design and Art Colour and scheme Wall accessories Curtains and Draperies Carpets Furniture Flower arrangement