Robert Morris College Fifty-Eighth Appalachian Gas Measurement Short Course August 18,19,20,21,1998 Robert Morris College Moon Township Campus Moon Township, PA 15108-1189
appalachian gas measurement short course 58TH APPALACHIAN GAS MEASUREMENT SHORT COURSE AUGUST 18, 19, 20, 21,1998 TECHNICAL PAPERS TABLE OF CONTENTS FUNDAMENTALS OF MEASUREMENT & PRESSURE CONTROL Page BASIC GAS LAWS William J. Teliska, C. J. Nolte Company 1 INTRODUCTION TO NATURAL GAS PROPERTIES James O. Monroe, National Fuel Gas Distribution Corporation 4 FUNDAMENTALS OF PRESSURE REDUCING REGULATORS Tin T. Truong, Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation 8 FUNDAMENTALS OF CONTROL VALVES AND PNEUMATIC CONTROLLERS Paul R. Sekinger, Peoples Natural Gas Company 11 FUNDAMENTALS OF DIAPHRAGM METERS Jerry Kamalieh, American Meter Company 16 FUNDAMENTALS OF GAS TURBINE METERS Jim Scacchetti, Equimeter, Incorporated 19 ORIFICE AND OTHER FLOW METERS ORIFICE METER MICING PROCEDURES Eric G. Fritz, Natural Gas Pipeline Company of America 23 MINIMIZING THE EFFECTS OF PULSATION INDUCED GAGE LINE ERROR Michael Royce Miller, PGI International 25 EFFECTS OF ABNORMAL CONDITIONS ON ACCURACY OF ORIFICE MEASUREMENT J. N. Witte, El Paso Energy 32 TRANSIT TIME ULTRASONIC FLOW METERS FOR NATURAL GAS MEASUREMENT E. Loy Upp and Kevin L. Warner, Ph.D., Daniel Industries 35 FUNDAMENTALS OF MULTI-PORT AVERAGING PITOT TUBES IN NATURAL GAS MEASUREMENT * Gregory Livelli, Dieterich Standard, Inc 39
ROTARY AND TURBINE METERS TESTING TECHNIQUES FOR ROTARY METERS Kevin C. Beaver, Dresser Industries Inc 46 ROTARY & TURBINE METER INSTALLATIONS AT CNG John J. Vogel, Jr., P.E., Consolidated Natural Gas Company 51 THE EVOLUTION OF THE GAS TURBINE METER Richard H. Schieber, American Meter Company 54 PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS OF TURBINE METERS AT LOW AND HIGH PRESSURES Paul G. Honchar, Equimeter Incorporated 58 A CLOSER LOOK AT PREFABS Eric J. Gray, Utilities and Industries, Inc 64 INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE AND TESTING OF ROTARY GAS METER Peter Walker, Romet Limited 67 ROTARY METER TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION David J. Firth, Sr. Measurement & Regulation Engineer, Columbia Gas of Ohio 70 DIAPHRAGM METERS THE ELUSIVE CUBIC FOOT II Clem W. Lecure, American Meter Company 74 INTRODUCTION TO RADIO-BASED AMR Janet Penz, Itron, Inc. 78 DIAPHRAGM METERS: DESIGN AND OPERATION James Thomson, Equimeter Incorporated 82 THE ECONOMICS OF REPAIRING LARGE DIAPHRAGM METERS Jack A. Griffin, Jr., Boston Gas Company 88 THE ECONOMICS OF DOMESTIC METER REPAIR AND TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION Dave Monte, Columbia Gas of Ohio 91 ULTRASONIC GAS METERS James Thomson, Equimeter Incorporated 95 SONIC NOZZLE PROVING Jim Albert, Energy Economics, Inc 99 PRESSURE CONTROL SELF-OPERATED REGULATORS SELECTION, INSTALLATION, AND OPERATION Joe Mullner, Fisher Controls International, Inc 104 HIGH PRESSURE REGULATORS Will Baisley, American Meter Company 108
Yl\/ FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF PILOT-OPERATED REGULATORS Bob Bennett, American Meter Company 117 FLEXIBLE ELEMENT REGULATORS Richard J. Golomb, Valve Marketing Decisions 119 OVERPRESSURE / SYSTEM PROTECTION IN A LARGE GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM David C. Hiatt & Donald E. Holtman, The Cincinnati Gas & Electric Company 124 REGULATOR SIZING & SELECTION Richard J. Mooney, Mooney Controls, Inc 128 FREEZE PROTECTION FOR INSTRUMENTATION CONTROLS, CONTROLLERS, CONTROL VALVES, AND MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT Thomas F. Welker, Welker Engineering Company 136 CAUSES AND CURES OF REGULATOR INSTABILITY John R. Anderson, Fisher Controls International, Inc 137 INSTRUMENTATION AND AUTOMATION FUNDAMENTALS OF INSTRUMENTATION Matthew Pawloski, Mercury Instruments, Inc 141 MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTATION 102 Michael J. Scott, North East Technical Sales 153 THE FUNDAMENTALS AND PURPOSE OF SCADA: A CENTRAL SYSTEM VIEW Andrew Scott Labovitch, Delmarva Power & Light 157 OVERVIEW OF A SCADA REMOTE TERMINAL INSTALLATION James F. Titus, Delmarva Power & Light 162 DEVICES USED TO DETERMINE WATER VAPOR CONTENT OF NATURAL GAS Borys J. Mychajliw, Meeco, Incorporated 164 DISTRICT REGULATOR STATION REMOTE MONITORING INSTRUMENTATION AND AUTOMATION R. H. Smith, PECO Energy Company 167 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS AND INTRINSIC SAFETY IN HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS Winfried (Winni) Faulring, R. Stahl, Incorporated 173 GENERAL TOPICS CORROSION CONTROL CONSIDERATIONS FOR M&R STATIONS John T. Kabay, T. W. Phillips Gas & Oil Company 181 TRAINING GAS MEASUREMENT PERSONNEL A. S. (Buddy) Harris, Jr., Hydrocarbon Training and Development Center, Incorporated 185 PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION Michael J. Zentz, Northeastern Energy Consulting, Incorporated 189 PROPER OPERATION OF GAS DETECTION INSTRUMENTS G. S. Lomax, Heath Consultants Incorporated 191
y\/ ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT OPTIONS FOR PIPELINES Holly Hudson, Equitrans, L.R 198 COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS DISPENSERS James S. Pekor, Equitable Gas Company 202 PRODUCTION AND STORAGE WHAT, WHY AND HOW THE BASICS OF UNDERGROUND NATURAL GAS STORAGE Timothy D. Maddox, Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation 206 LIFE OF AN APPALACHIAN GAS WELL Timothy L. Altier, MB Operating Company, Incorporated 210 NATURAL GAS DEHYDRATION Matthew E. Vavro, PE, PG, Clearwater, Incorporated 216 THE IMPORTANCE OF HEAT TRANSFER MAINTENANCE IN NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION APPLICATIONS Ken Schreurs & Lori Mulneix, Clearwater, Incorporated 223 ACCURATE MEASUREMENT MEANS PRODUCTION PROFIT Joseph P. Lofink, JPL Manufacturing Company 226 A BEGINNER'S OVERVIEW OF ADVANCEMENTS IN FLOW MEASUREMENT AND SCADA TECHNOLOGY Robert Findley, Bristol Babcock 229 STORAGE WELL CORROSION Mary S. Friend, Columbia Gas Transmission 232 CHART PROCESSING AND GAS ACCOUNTING PLUNGER LIFT: APPLICATIONS, OPERATIONS AND ITS EFFECT ON MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS Stan Morrow, Ferguson Beauregard 236 CHART PROBLEMS: CAUSES & SOLUTIONS P. Dane Carder, CNG Transmission 240 FIELD AND OFFICE COMMUNICATIONS Melva J. Harris & David Woods, TENNECO Energy 242 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF METER READINGS TO DETECT MEASUREMENT ERRORS Thomas R. Durofchalk, P.E., UGI Utilities, Incorporated 245 A NEW TOTAL MEASUREMENT MODEL Russel Treat, BMP Energy Systems 251 APPALACHIAN POOL ACCOUNTING "From the Wellhead to Market" Dennis Bond, CNG Transmission 254 HISTORY OF INTEGRATION EQUIPMENT Don Smith, Integrator Service Incorporated 257 USING COMPANY INTRANETS AND THE INTERNET TO VIEW GAS DATA f John Olson, JM Software Services, Incorporated 260 FUNDAMENTALS OF DAILY GAS TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT David A. Boger, Strategic Energy, Ltd 263
ELECTRONICS IN MEASUREMENT ELECTRONIC CORRECTOR COMMUNICATIONS Derrick Doehring, Metretek Incorporated 265 BASIC ELECTRONICS FOR GAS MEASUREMENT PERSONNEL Steven P. Czaikowski, Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation 271 PORTABLE GAS CHROMATOGRAPH Jeff Moon, P.E., Chandler Engineering 275 SOLAR POWERED ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT Gene Sayre, Virginia Natural Gas 282 SAMPLING AND CONDITIONING OF NATURAL GAS CONTAINING LIQUIDS IN DROPLET OR AEROSOL FORM Donald P. Mayeaux, A+ Corporation 284 THEORY AND APPLICATION OF THE GAS CHROMATOGRAPH Howard E. Brumbaugh, WGS Equipment & Controls, Incorporated 287 SCADA AND THE COMPLETE GAS MEASUREMENT SYSTEM Richard L. Cline, Integrated Information Technologies, Incorporated 293 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AT THE SMALL UTILITY Daniel A. Zimmerman, Reynolds Equipment Company 304 SYSTEMS FOR MANAGING GAS TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION Daniel R. Kritz, Utility Translation Systems Incorporated 307 TECHNICAL APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTERS AND SOFTWARE Mat Manson, Palo Pinto Software Systems, Incorporated 310 FUNDAMENTALS OF ODORIZATION Harold Englert, Columbia Gas of Virginia 313 ODORIZATION SYSTEM DESIGN Ken Parrott, YZ Industries 316 ODORIZATION-INSTRUMENTS FOR FIELD MONITORING G. S. Lomax, Heath Consultants, Incorporated 322 ODORIZATION SYSTEM DESIGN AND MONITORING Joseph Glinowiecki, Baltimore Gas and Electric Company 327 ODORANTTRANSPORT J. Allen Lowther, Columbia Gas Transmission 329 PLANNING FOR CHANGE: TRANSITIONAL APPROACH TO SYSTEM CHANGES James R. Wilson, President, Wilson Technical Services - 337