PROFESSIONAL TESTING (EMI), INC. TESTING CAPABILITIES 1601 N. A.W. Grimes Blvd, Suite B, Round Rock, TX 78665 800.695.1077
Here at Professional Testing we re passionate about one thing... Bringing products to market. 1601 N. A.W. Grimes Blvd, Suite B, Round Rock, TX 78665 800.695.1077 info@ptitest.com
Professional Testing (PTI) is a NVLAP accredited full service test laboratory providing EMC, Product Safety, Reliability and Hazardous Location testing and consulting services and is headquartered in Austin, Texas. Our testing, engineering and consulting services are tailored to your specific needs for your product that means our team of experts can assist you as much or as little as you like at almost any stage of your product development cycle: from design assistance to beyond the final product test report. RESPONSIVE. PROFESSIONAL. EXPERIENCED. PTI s services have helped hundreds of clients in a wide variety of industries, including medical, military, aerospace, high-tech and commercial. Our team is comprised of engineers, skilled technicians and office professionals who work with confidentiality and care to ensure that your product is safe, accurate, efficient and ready to enter the competitive marketplace on time. ACCREDITATIONS
Testing Capabilities EMC Testing Services Commercial Military Avionics Medical Wireless Integrated Circuits (IC) Reliability & Materials Testing Services HALT HASS ESS Strain Gauge Services Static Strength, Stability & Durability Environmental & Dynamic Testing Services Temperature & Humidity Vibration & Shock Altitude Salt Fog Dust Water Ingress Product Safety Testing Services NRTL Process Options CB Scheme Options CE Mark & European Union Directives Medical Devices Directive Machinery Directives Laser Evaluations Design Consulting & Engineering Services Design Reviews Test Plan Development Testing Support & Failure Mitigation Product Development & Design Hazardous Locations Project Management Training Services Documentation Services
Title1 EMC Testing Services Commercial EMC Testing The RF emissions testing required by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) under 47 CFR Part 15 became mandatory in 1981. Following the United States, other individual country requirements were instigated around the world. With the formation of the European Union and the EMC Directive, which became effective in 1995, the scope of testing was expanded from conducted and radiated emissions to include a full set of immunity requirements. The immunity requirements and test procedures are covered by the following IEC standards: IEC/EN 61000-4-2 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) IEC/EN 61000-4-3 Radiated RF Immunity IEC/EN 61000-4-4 Electrical Fast Transient (EFT) IEC/EN 61000-4-5 Surge IEC/EN 61000-4-6 Conducted RF Immunity IEC/EN 61000-4-8 Magnetic Immunity IEC/EN 61000-4-11 Voltage Dips and Dropouts IEC/EN 61000-4-12 Ring Wave Immunity IEC/EN 61000-4-16 Conducted Common Mode Immunity IEC/EN 61000-4-17 Ripple on d.c. Port Immunity IEC/EN 61000-4-21 Reverberation Chamber Test Methods Commercial-radiated emission testing was originally performed on Open Area Test Sites (OATS). Professional Testing originally used three OATS located in the Texas Hill Country outside of Marble Falls, Texas. The testing performed on these sites has been replaced by Professional Testing, acquiring a 10-meter Anechoic Chamber located in north Austin. This state-of-the-art 10-meter chamber originally designed for IBM incorporates a 12 ft diameter turntable capable of supporting over 1,000 lbs and power sources capable single or 3-phase AC voltages of up to 200 amps or DC voltages up to1000 amps. Common standards and markets PTI test include: 47 CFR Part 15 United States FCC Requirements for Intentional (wireless) and Unintentional Radiators (digital devices) 47 CFR Part 18 United States FCC Requirements for Industrial Scientific and Medical Products ICES 003 Canada Industry Canada s requirements for unintentional radiators (digital devices) EN 55022 Worldwide Emissions measurements for Information Technology Equipment EN 55011 Worldwide Emissions measurements for Industrial Scientific and Industrial Equipment EN 61326-1 Europe Emissions and Immunity Testing requirements for Test Measurement and Control systems and products EN 55024 Worldwide Immunity Test requirements for Information Technology Equipment EN 60945 Worldwide EMC requirements for Marine Equipment
EMC Testing Services Wireless EMC Testing PTI offers turn-key wireless radio approval testing for the United States (FCC), Canada (Industry Canada) and European Union (R&TTE Directive). We specialize in the low power technologies such as: IEEE 801.11 a, b, g, n Bluetooth Zigbee Digital Spread Spectrum Frequency-Shift Key (FSK) and Phase Shift Key (PSK) Ultra Wideband (UWB) Others falling under 47 CFR Part 15, Sections 15.231, 15.247 and 15.249 Today, more than ever, we are witnessing the integration of wireless into applications that yesterday we only dreamed of. As the applications expand, so do we; PTI can measure frequencies up to 140 GHz. When you bring a wireless product to PTI, we not only perform the testing, but prepare all of the necessary paper work for filing with the appointed government and/or worldwide agencies. Common standard and market PTI test include: 47 CFR Part 15 United States FCC Requirements for Intentional (wireless) and Unintentional Radiators (digital devices) Medical EMC Testing Professional Testing can navigate the growing worldwide and FDA EMC medical requirements of IEC 60601-1-2. The EMC requirements are similar to those of our Commercial EMC Services but incorporate more stringent limits and criteria. This provides additional protection to medical patients and the sensitive equipment utilized in hospitals and healthcare facilities. Along with these evaluations, PTI can start by developing the Risk and Hazard Analysis for your new product. Common standard and market PTI test include: IEC 60601-1-2 Worldwide EMC requirements for Medical Equipment
EMC Title1Testing Services Avionics EMC Testing PTI can perform all the environmental and EMC testing your commercial avionics need to meet the DO-160 requirements. Our Round Rock facilities incorporate three shielded enclosures and additional ground planes necessary to meet your testing needs. These chambers allow PTI to test multiple products simultaneously. Each main chamber incorporates a shielded adjacent room for support and ancillary equipment. The measurement frequency capabilities are from 10 Hz to 40 GHz. The DO-160 sections we are accredited to are as follows: Section 15: Magnetic Effect Section 16: Power Inputs Section 17: Voltage Spikes Section 18: Audio Frequency Conducted Susceptibility Section 19: Induced Signal Susceptibility Section 20: radio Frequency Susceptibility Conducted and Radiated Section 21: Emissions of Radio Frequency Energy Conducted and Radiated Section 22: Lightning Induced Transient Susceptibility Section 25: Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) PTI has power sources for either DC or AC power requirements up to 400 Hz. Common standard and market PTI test include: RTCA DO-160 The requirements for electrical products for use on aircrafts
Title1 EMC Testing Services Military EMC Testing Our Round Rock facilities incorporate 3 shielded enclosures and additional ground planes necessary to meet your testing needs. These chambers allow PTI to test multiple products simultaneously. Each main chamber incorporates a shielded adjacent room for support and ancillary equipment. The measurement frequency capabilities are from 10 Hz to 40 GHz. The radiated power requirements range from 10 khz to 18 GHz up to 200 V/m. The Mil-Std-461 sections we are accredited to are: Conducted Emissions: CE101, CE102 and CE 106 Radiated Emissions: RE101, RE102 and RE103 Conducted Susceptibility: CS101, CS114, CS115 and CS116 Radiated Susceptibility: RS101 and RS103 Common standards and markets PTI test include: Mil-Std-461 US Military and Procurement Agencies requirements of Electrical Products Integrated Circuits EMC Testing EMC Compliance is typically performed at a completed system or product level. This practice is changing with the EMC requirements and procedures for Integrated Circuits (IC). The IC being evaluated is mounted on an IC test printed circuit board (PCB) that is clamped to a mating port in the top of a TEM or wideband TEM (GTEM) cell. The test board is not in the test cell as in traditional testing but becomes a part of the cell wall. The test methodologies and procedures are emerging as the industry gains experience with these types of evaluations. The standards that PTI now performs IC evaluations to are: SAE J1752 IEC 61967 IEC 62132 The typical emissions tests cover the frequency range of 150 khz to 1 GHz, with the immunity testing covering both radiated and conducted immunity.
Reliability & Materials Testing Services HALT (Hightly Accelerated Life Testing) HALT generally consists of five types of stresses, which are sequentially performed in order to determine the operating and destruction limits of the product with respect to temperature, vibration, and/or combination of the two. This methodology is successfully used by automotive, computer, oil and gas instrumentation companies, etc. to release a more reliable product. The 5 steps include: Cold Step-Stress Test Hot Step-Stress Test Rapid Thermal Transition Test Vibration Step-Stress Test Combined Environment Test HASS (Highly Accelerated Stress Screening) Once a HALT test has been performed on a product, HASS (High Accelerated Stress Screening) can be utilized to complete your continuing compliance program and ensure that your product still meets the reliability standard that was achieved during the design and prototype phase. This process is not only utilized by manufacturers during pre-product release, but most often later in a product s life when components become obsolete and must be replaced or a new manufacturing location has been selected. Understanding HASS Testing Limits The HASS process does not push the product to destruction as during the HALT testing. Rather limits for combined stresses (temperature and vibration) are performed at test levels over the operational limits and under the destruction limits determined in the earlier HALT testing. Environmental Stress Screening (ESS) ESS refers to a process of exposing a newly manufactured product to stresses, such as thermal cycling and vibration to force product defects or production flaws during the screening process. This process commonly utilized by the U.S Military procurement agencies helps manufacturers deliver a higher reliable product. At Professional Testing, we can develop the right ESS program for you and perform the testing in a timely fashion to prevent delay in the shipment of your product.
Reliability & Materials Testing Services Strain Gauge Testing Strain is the second most common physical sensor measurement in the world behind temperature. It can be used to calculate forces, pressures, displacements, and a whole variety of other mechanical material properties. Applying strain gauges properly to get good data is a special skill, and requires an experienced technician. Professional Testing has the capability of applying strain gauges competently, and has the instrumentation necessary for long-term and/or high channel-cunt data logging. For strain gauge services, we operate in two modes: 1. We apply the strain gauges in the laboratory, and take measurement in conjunction with our Vibration/Shock testing or Static Load Testing 2. If your equipment is large and cumbersome, we can also come on-site to perform strain gauge application and/or measurement services. Static Strength, Stability & Durability Testing Many products manufactured for the automotive, military and medical industries are relied upon to function properly in order to protect the people that use them. Extensive testing of the product is required to ensure proper performance of the product. Three tests include static strength, stability and durability test. It can be complicated to simulate the use and misuse of the product with loads, moving forces and velocities. Professional Testing works with customers in developing custom tooling and fixturing to ensure the tests closely simulate the actual usage environment.
Environmental & Dynamic Testing Services Temperature & Humidity PTI currently offers 8 different thermal and humidity chambers, ranging from small chambers to walk-in chambers. They range from 36 X 36 X 36 to a walk-in chamber of 8 X 6 X 7 and temperatures from -73 C to 177 C. All PTI Chambers can be programmed for different ramp profiles and dwell times. All can be monitored remotely 24 hours a day and provide data directly to our customers via the web. Altitude PTI is capable of simulating up to an equivalent 70,000, feet while also maintaining temperature. Chambers include sizes up to 24 X 24 X 48. These altitude chambers are also capable of rapid decompression, as a pump can simulate a loss of cabin pressurization. Salt Fog PTI can create a salt fog environment to simulate the effects of a marine environment. Determining how a product will fair in a corrosive atmosphere is important for many products. PTI s primary method of simulating this is in a salt fog chamber, which is 24 X 24 X 48. Typically a product is immersed in the environment for 24-72 hours. Dust PTI provides for two general types of dust testing: fine powder dust and a patented fibrous dust mixture. ISO 80939 (Arizona Road) Dust, Talcum Powder or Sand The first tests with a fine powder dust, such as ISO 80939 (Arizona Road) dust, talcum powder or sand. This testing is usually the first part of the ingress protection (IP) specified in IEC 60529. The first characteristic numeral (such as IP5x) describes the degree of protection against ingress of solid foreign objects and access to hazardous parts. PTI s Patented Fibrous Dusting System The second type of dust testing is unique only to PTI. We have designed and perfected a Patented Fibrous Dusting system. This system is designed primarily to support laptop products or products that accumulate fibrous dust in heat sinks and forced air induction. This system accelerates the dust accumulation- what normally takes months in real life is accumulated in just hours. PTI spent months of research perfecting our proprietary dust mixture.
Environmental & Dynamic Testing Services Water Ingress PTI provides Water Ingress testing, which is usually the second part of ingress protection (IP) specified in IEC 60529. The second characteristic numeral (such as IPx4) describes the degree of protection against ingress of water with harmful effects. Static Strength, Stability & Durability Many products manufactured for the automotive, military and medical industries are relied upon to function properly in order to protect the people that use them. Extensive testing of the product is required to ensure proper performance of the product. Professional Testing works with customers in developing custom tooling and fixturing to ensure the tests closely simulate the actual usage environment. Vibration & Shock Our Ling 335 VH vibration system is one of largest and most powerful in Texas. This system is complimented by a suite of Lansmont brand shock, drop and vibration for package testing. Vibration Table 1 Vibration Table 2 Model Ling 335 VH Lansmont 1800 Type Electrodynamic Servo-Hydraulic Frequency Range 2Hz 2kHz 3Hz 300Hz Stroke (i.e. Displacement), (in) 1.5 2.5 Max Amplitude (lbf) 18,000 10,000 Max Dead Weight (lbs) 1,000 1,300 Orientation Vertical and Horizontal Vertical ONLY Table Size 2 x2 Vertical, 2 x5 Horizontal 4 x4
Environmental & Dynamic Testing Services Shock A shock profile is a g force pulse imposed on a device under test (DUT) for a very short length of time under controlled conditions. The shape of this waveform can vary depending on the standards you ve testing to and the goals you have for product reliability. PTI has 2 methods of creating this pulse: The Lansmont Shock Machine This device allows for a freefall drop on a platform, and the duration/ level/ shape of the g force vs. time curve is modified by the height of the drop and the material used at impact. The machine can produce up to 600g s and the pulse duration can vary from 2msec to 60msec. The Vibration Table can produce a single pulse. The stroke length is the limiting factor for both duration and level, but the main advantage of using the vibration table is you can repeat the shock tests quickly without resetting the machine. Drop PTI s Drop machine allows for a repeatable way of testing both packaged and un-packaged products for durability. The machine works by pneumatically removing a platform out from under the product sample faster than gravity. This allows for a consistent drop on to a variety of surfaces including metal, wood, concrete, and carpet. The resulting g force can be recorded upon request. Additionally, the height is adjustable. This machine can drop up to 175 lbs from up to 72 in height.
Product Safety Testing Services NRTL Approval NRTL (National Recognized Testing Laboratory) The United States and Canadian governments require that any AC powered device for use in the workplace have an NRTL approval. OSHA, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, is the division of the US government that qualifies testing facilities as NRTL s. NRTL-approved products are easily recognized by a symbol on the outside of the product. This symbol is often referred to as an NRTL mark. The UL (Underwriter s Laboratory) symbol is probably the most recognized by the general public in the United States. Not only do the United States and Canadian governments require an NRTL mark, but additionally, many large customers (i.e. their procurement departments) will require an NRTL mark before buying your product. This tells the purchasing company that your product has been held to a nationally recognized standard for safety. We can acquire an NRTL approval from several NRTL s, by evaluating your product to a nationally-recognized safety standard. The table below shows some of the products and categories that we are currently able to perform right here in Austin, Texas. Standard Description United States Canada IT Equipment UL 60950 CSA 22.2 60950 Laboratory, Medical, and Control Equipment UL 61010 CSA 22.2 61010 Medical Equipment UL 60601 CSA 22.2 60601 Laser Products *CDRH 21 CFR *CSA E60825 The above is an abbreviated list of standards PTI specializes in. There are many other standards to which PTI can evaluate products to. Pre-Compliance Testing If you are going directly to an NRTL for United States/Canada compliance, we can perform pre-compliance testing and analysis of your product to make sure that you are going to pass. Going directly to an NRTL can pose risks of long lead times, delays and extra fees for failures. PTI is here to help you work through these issues before you send a product out for final testing.
Product Safety Testing Services CB Scheme PTI is a certified Associated CB Testing Laboratory (ACTL), and we can work with our associated company, NEMKO, to provide a CB Scheme report for your product. The CB Scheme is a more global approach to proving compliance for Product Safety. Instead of an NRTL for the United States, an approving laboratory is called a CBTL which stands for Competent Body Test Lab. There is no mark or sticker to apply to your product for CB Scheme approvals. However, once your product is evaluated, a CBTL issues you a report that can be presented to any CB Member Country in the world, whereby you receive their marks, logos or approvals accordingly. Understanding CB Scheme Approval The report you receive is called the CB Scheme ; the approval process with a CB Scheme report varies by country. Some, like India, require nothing more than a certificate proving compliance. Others (like the UL in the United States or CSA in Canada) require a fee, complete a review of the report and reserve the right to look at a sample. The CB Scheme is an alternative method to receiving an NRTL mark even here in the United States! Getting World-Wide Market Access PTI can take care of you with the NEMKO direct program. Just pick your countries of interest, and we will make sure you receive access to those markets with the CB Scheme. We can help with the following types of products for CB Scheme reports: Standard IEC 60950 IEC 61010 IEC 60601 IEC 60825 Description IT Equipment Laboratory, Medical, and Control Equipment Medical Equipment Laser Products *Although PTI specializes in the above standards, there are many more PTI can evaluate product to.
Product Safety Testing Services CE Mark & European Union Directives What is the CE Mark? The European Union (EU) is a conglomeration of 27 different countries in Europe that have all agreed on certain trade laws, among other things. One of the agreements made is that the CE Mark is required on all products shipped throughout the European Union. The CE mark signifies that the product has followed directives, an assortment of requirements depending on the features and intended use of the product. The Low Voltage Directive is the equivalent of an NRTL mark here in the United States. The difference, for most products, is that there is no approval agency; instead, the CE Mark works under a method of self declaration. Understanding CE Mark Directives A manufacturer is still required to perform the testing and keep the results in a technical construction file. This file is not submitted to an agency unless it is requested for review by a representative of the EU. Generally, a declaration of conformity to demonstrate compliance with the CE mark rules is shipped through customs into the EU along with your product. The declaration of conformity is a 1-page summary of the directives and laws you have used to declare conformity of your product. The CE Mark looks like this: What can PTI do to help you obtain a CE Mark for your product? We can determine which directives and standards are required for your product to ship to Europe. We can perform testing in accordance with the Low Voltage Directive (specific for product safety), Medical Devices Directive, Machinery Directive, and other directives, including the EMC Directive, with our EMC Capabilities. We also have consulting services to help you maintain a technical construction file, and we can even help you draft your declaration of conformity. Here are a few examples of Low Voltage Directive testing which are similar, and in some cases, identical to the testing required for NRTL compliance: Standard* EN 60950 EN 61010 EN 60825 Description IT Equipment Laboratory, Medical, and Control Equipment Laser Products Here are a few examples of Medical Directive testing which are similar, and in some cases, identical to the testing required for NRTL compliance: Standard* EN 60601 EN ISO 14971 Description Medical Equipment Application of Risk Management to Medical Devices *Although PTI specializes in the above standards, there are many more PTI can evaluate product to.
Product Safety Testing Services CE Mark & European Union Directives (cont d) Here are a few examples of Machinery Directive testing which are similar, and in some cases, identical to the testing required for NRTL compliance: Standard EN 60204 EN 349 EN 842 EN 894 EN 953 EN 1299 EN 4871 EN 12100 EN 13850 Description Electrical Safety of Machines Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body Visual Danger Signals Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators General requirements for the desing and construction of fixed and movable guards Vibration Isolation of Machines Noise emission values of machinery Safety of Machinery Basic concepts Safety of Machinery Emergency stop *Although PTI specializes in the above standards, there are many more PTI can evaluate product to.
Product Safety Testing Services Laser Evaluations A product that contains a laser adds an additional evaluation in the process of obtaining an NRTL Mark, CB Scheme Evaluation or European Union Directive Approval. CDRH Compliance The Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), a division of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), regulates laser products imported to or manufactured in the United States. When submitting a product containing a laser through an NRTL for use in the United States or Canada, it is necessary to evaluate your product for laser safety in accordance with CDRH 21, CFR, or CSA E60825 respectively. PTI can evaluate your product to CDRH 21, CFR or CSA E60825 and assist you with the required documentation for compliance with these standards. EN 60825 Compliance Any product containing a laser for sale in the European Union or that will be evaluated for a IECEE CB Scheme shall show compliance with EN 60825. This standard ensures the safety of a laser product through the measurement of accessible laser radiation, laser product classification, labels, and documentation. PTI can evaluate your product to EN 60825 and assist you with the required documentation for compliance with this standard.
Design Consulting & Engineering Services Overview Product development is about bringing product to market! Since 1987, Professional Testing has been helping companies in every technical industry meet their goals of maintaining worldwide regulatory compliance and manufacturing reliable products. Our team is not only experienced, but also boasts a unique set of skills that comes from years of combined efforts in meeting the demands for compliant and reliable products. Our engineering team can assist you in Product Design Reviews, Test Plan Development, Testing Support and Failure Mitigation and Product Development and Design. The flow charts below illustrate a typical product development cycle and shows how PTI s engineering team can support you in each and every step. Which product safety standards apply to my product? This common question is identified early in the test plan development phase. Product safety must be designed into a product. By knowing which worldwide market your product will be marketed in, the standards and safety agencies can be identified early so that you will be prepared with a safe product and have the other required components such as Installation and User Manuals completed. EMC Design Consulting
Design Consulting & Engineering Services Environmental Design Consulting Product Design Reviews Identifying problems early in a design is key to meeting marketing deadlines and keeping product development costs down. Our engineers work as members of your team, providing regulatory and reliability expertise along the way. Whether we attend your engineering review meetings or work as a virtual engineer by reviewing electronic CAD drawings, schematics and PCB assembly drawings, we can provide the Electromagnetic Compatibility, Electrical Product Safety and Reliability expertise. Test Plan Development Let our reliability experts design a test plan for you that ensures your design will last to your expectations in real environments and real situations. For EMC testing, we can help you identify the applicable worldwide standards and design a plan that you can understand, allowing you to design your product to meet the rigorous EMC requirements and identify any system configurations and software necessary for a successful test program.
Design Consulting & Engineering Services Testing Support & Failure Mitigation Even with the best of intentions, meeting EMC, electrical product safety and reliability test requirements can be a challenge. Our engineers are available at the lab to answer any questions that arise during the testing and can jump in with suggestions and solutions to mitigate failures, if needed. The last thing we want while in the testing phase is for you to incur costly delays due to failures. Most laboratories don t provide this assistance. It s what sets PTI apart from most testing laboratories. Product Development & Design Where the bulk of our services have been in testing, we also pride ourselves in our commitment to help our customers. A large percentage of our customers products fail when they come to us for regulatory, reliability and certification services. This is a costly and frustrating delay in their product development cycle. Over the years, we have added expertise in each of our service areas. However, our customers needed and wanted more, so we have been working to fulfill our mission which is. To lead the worldwide transformation of product development, by adding full design services. We recently branded this service as RISE-TIME DESIGNS. www.rise-timedesigns.com
Hazardous Locations Zone Safe Solutions Zone Safe Solutions can assist US manufacturers in understanding the requirements and regulations for products for use in potentially explosive areas. Our specialty is equipment used in potentially explosive areas, but there are several related requirements with which we may assist. Project Management Zone Safe Solutions provides project management services to clients in the following areas: Coordination and facilitation of testing General electrical safety Mechanical safety EMC Environmental and ingress protection General Product Safety Assessment Ordinary locations for US and Canada Low voltage for European Union Machinery for European Union Hazardous Location Product Assessment United States Canada ATEX for European Union IEC Ex for International, non-european countries Training Services Zone Safe Solutions training services are conducted by expert engineers with experience educating adults. Our interactive training sessions can be customized to your company s specific needs, necessary methods of protection and professional level. Some examples of past courses: Introduction to the CE Mark ATEX for Non-Electrical Equipment Let us educate your workforce, from the manufacturing personnel responsible for the day-to-day product consistency to the executive management responsible for the overall corporate understanding of products used in potentially explosive areas. Documentation Services At Zone Safe Solutions, we are fluent in documentation design and generation. We can provide a full assessment report under the Project Management scheme or a documentation review or any level in between. Below is a sample of the myriad of documentation we are familiar with: Product assessments Risk analysis and abatement Ignition hazard assessments General safety assessments Declarations of Conformity Machinery Directive Pressure Directive (Exemptions, Category 1 only) www.zonesafesolutions.com
Calibration Services PTI performs calibration of in-house and client EMC test equipment. The equipment used to perform the calibrations is stored separately and used for that purpose only. All of the calibration equipment is NIST traceable. Examples of equipment calibrated by PTI include: ESD Guns EFT Generators Antennas RF Cables and Attenuators RF Current Clamps Amplifiers