IIEC International Institute for Energy Conservation Country Report for Papua New Guinea Northern Marianas Marshall Islands Guam Palau Federated States of Micronesia Kiribati Papua New Guinea Nauru Solomon Islands Tuvalu Tokelau Cook Islands French Polynesia Samoa American Vanuatu Samoa Wallis and Futuna Fiji Tonga Niue Pitcairn New Caledonia Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support the Pacific Appliance Labelling and Standards (PALS) Programme Prepared for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP) By International Institute for Energy Conservation Asia (IIEC Asia) th 12 Floor, United Business Center II Building, 591, Sukhumvit Road Wattana, Bangkok 10110, THAILAND November 2012 Data submitted herein is intended for the sole use of the Client in evaluating the Consultant s offer and is considered proprietary to the Consultant. Pages containing this proprietary data are annotated with reference to this paragraph
CONTENTS 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS... 1 2 INTRODUCTION... 2 2.1 Country Background... 2 2.2 Objective... 2 3 FINDINGS... 3 3.1 Import Statistics... 3 3.2 Market Characteristics... 13 3.3 Energy Labels... 14 3.4 Information Gaps... 14 4 CONCLUSION... 16 5 ANNEX COUNTRY DATA SHEETS... 17 6 REFERENCES... 23 FIGURES Figure 3.1 Number of Refrigerators and Freezers Imported per Year (units)... 4 Figure 3.2 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Refrigerator Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units)... 4 Figure 3.3 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Freezer Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units)... 4 Figure 3.4 Import Value (PGK) per Year for Freezers and Refrigerators... 5 Figure 3.5 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Refrigerator Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value)... 5 Figure 3.6 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Freezer Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value)... 6 Figure 3.7 Number of Air Conditioners (All Sizes) Imported per Year (units)... 6 Figure 3.8 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Air Conditioner Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units)... 7 Figure 3.9 Import Value (PGK) per Year for Air Conditioners (All Sizes)... 7 Figure 3.10 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Air Conditioner (All Sizes) Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value)... 8 Figure 3.11 Number of Electric Water Heaters Imported per Year (units)... 8 Figure 3.12 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Electric Water Heater Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units)... 9 Figure 3.13 Import Value (PGK) per Year for Electric Water Heaters... 9 Figure 3.14 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Electric Water Heater Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value)... 10 Figure 3.15 Number of (Linear) Fluorescent Lamps and Other Lighting Imported per Year (units)10 November 2012 i
Figure 3.16 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Fluorescent Lamp Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units)... 11 Figure 3.17 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Other Lighting Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units)... 11 Figure 3.18 Import Value (PGK) per Year for Fluorescent Lamps and Other Lamps... 12 Figure 3.19 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Fluorescent Lamps by Country of Origin (based on import value)... 12 Figure 3.20 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Other Lighting by Country of Origin (based on import value)... 13 TABLES Table 2.1 General Information on Papua New Guinea... 2 Table 3.1 Brand and countries of manufacture of most common electrical appliances in PNG.. 13 Table 3.2 Proportion of Electrical Appliances with Energy Labels... 14 Table 5.1 Physical Units Imported per Year... 17 Table 5.3 Percentage Breakdown of Imports by Country of Origin (based on units imported) for 2008 and 2009... 18 Table 5.4 Percentage Breakdown of Imports by Country of Origin (based on units imported) for 2010 and 2011... 19 Table 5.2 Import Value (PGK) Per Year... 20 Table 5.6 Percentage Breakdown of Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value) for 2008 and 2009... 21 Table 5.7 Percentage Breakdown of Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value) for 2010 and 2011... 22 November 2012 ii
1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support the Pacific Appliance Labeling and Standards (PALS) Programme covers 17 Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs). The report and research were conducted by Mr. Sommai Phon-Amnuaisuk and Mr. David Morgado from the International Institute for Energy Conservation (IIEC). It was prepared for the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP) with overall guidance from Mr. Tom Thorsch Krader. The IIEC would like to show its appreciation for the kind support and contributions from the PALS country focal points (Mr. Idau Kopi), Papua New Guinea Power Ltd., the Secretariat for the Pacific Community and the national statistical office in Papua New Guinea (PNG). November 2012 1
2 INTRODUCTION 2.1 Country Background Neighbouring Countries Capital City Currency Population Size (habitants) Number of Households Electrification Rate (%) 12% Status of S&L Scheme Table 2.1 General Information on Papua New Guinea Australia, Indonesia, Solomon Islands, Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, Vanuatu Port Moresby Papua New Guinean kina (PGK) 6,603,131 (2009 estimate); 5,171,548 (2000 Census) 876,533 (estimate based on 2000 Census) Source: Papua New Guinea National Statistical Office; SPC, 2011 2.2 Objective Under implementation through the PALS Programme The PNG government has endorsed their National Electric Industry Policy in December 2011. The PNG Energy Department is the custodian of Energy Technical Regulations such as the S&L programme. The objective of this study is to analyse the characteristics of major appliance and lighting products and markets in Papua New Guinea (PNG), in order to inform and support decision making on the most suitable Standards & Labelling (S&L) strategy for PNG. The study focuses on the following electrical appliances: Refrigerators Freezers Air Conditioners Lamps including incandescent, linear fluorescent and compact fluorescent Televisions Other relevant products. November 2012 2
3 FINDINGS 3.1 Import Statistics The electrical appliance information presented in this section is based on data provided by the PNG National Statistical Office and covers the most common electrical appliances in the country. The Figures below show the total number of electrical appliance units imported annually into PNG from 2008 to 2011 1, the total annual import value (PGK) of each type of electrical appliance imported into PNG from 2008 to 2011 as well as the respective share according to country of origin 2. There was no customs data covering incandescent lamps, televisions, electric fans, domestic dish washers and washing machines. Figures with no values for a given year imply data was not available. Papua New Guinea is one of the few countries in the Pacific region with customs information on the number of units imported per country of origin. This report provides analysis on the country of origin of electrical appliances based on import value and import unit data. Using number of units imported is a more accurate way of determining the market share of each country as the import value share is influenced by exchange rates and equipment costs, i.e. the average electrical equipment import value from Australia/New Zealand and Europe are typically higher than that of the People s Republic of China (China). Note also that all customs departments are focus on determining the value of the imported electrical appliances for taxation purposes and therefore the number of units is not usually a priority or correctly indicated by the supplier and/or customs officer, especially with regard to small electrical appliances such as lamps. An on-site survey was conducted to enable a better assessment of the country(ies) or origin of electrical appliances in PNG (see section 3.2 and 3.3). 3.1.1 Refrigerators and Freezers According to Figure 3.1, the number of imported units of both refrigerators and freezers rose during 2008 to 2011, particularly the number of freezers from just 7,300 units in 2008 to 38,900 units in 2011. Note that the difference in annual values could be due to bulk purchase of electrical appliances by local wholesalers, retailers or private companies (e.g. hotel sector) in a given year or interpretation of international harmonized system codes 3 used to identify the type of electrical appliances by the national customs department. Figure 3.2 shows the country of origin share of refrigerators based on number of units with an average 42% of appliances sourced from China. Australia and New Zealand have a share of 6% each. Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand are other main sources of refrigerators with 15%, 10% and 6% share in 2011, respectively. When comparing with the import value for refrigerators, the share for Australia and New Zealand is significantly higher (see Figure 3.5) From 2008 to 2011, based on number of units, the main countries of origin for freezers were New Zealand and China with average share of 26% and 23%, respectively. Australia follows with an average 13% share of unit imports. In 2011, Australia and China had both a share of freezer imports of 29% followed by New Zealand with 20% (Figure 3.3). 1 Calendar Years 2 Country from which the electric appliance was imported. Different from country of manufacture. E.g. Appliance can be manufactured in Thailand but imported through Singapore. 3 See methodology and harmonized system codes section in main report. November 2012 3
Figure 3.1 Number of Refrigerators and Freezers Imported per Year (units) Figure 3.2 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Refrigerator Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units) Figure 3.3 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Freezer Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units) November 2012 4
The import value of refrigerators fluctuated during 2008 to 2011, and comparatively was only 30% of the import value of freezers in 2011 (Figure 3.4). The import value of freezers increased significantly from 2008 to 2011, matching closely the raise in import units shown in Figure 3.1. Figure 3.4 Import Value (PGK) per Year for Freezers and Refrigerators Based on import value from 2008 to 2011, an average 32% of refrigerators are imported from Australia, 16% from China, 15% from Thailand and 11% from New Zealand (Figure 3.5). The Chinese import value for refrigerators reached its highest share in 2010 with 28%. In 2011, the import value share for refrigerators sourced from China was 20% and 18% from Thailand. Figure 3.5 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Refrigerator Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value) For freezers, the import value share was an average 36% for both Australia and New Zealand from 2008 to 2011. There are an increasing number of freezers originating from China, Thailand and other countries but the share of Australia and New Zealand has remained unaffected (Figure 3.6). November 2012 5
Figure 3.6 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Freezer Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value) 3.1.2 Air Conditioners The number of air conditioners (all sizes) units imported into PNG from 2008 to 2010 remained just above the 21,100 unit mark (Figure 3.7). The value for 2008 and 2009 is exactly the same and therefore it is likely to be a data error indicating the information gathered does not reflect the actual figures. One of the key challenges in PNG is the quality of the statistical data due to limited adequate human resources for data compilation. Figure 3.7 Number of Air Conditioners (All Sizes) Imported per Year (units) China is the main source of air conditioners (all sizes) with an average share of 36% but its share fell from 44% in 2008 to 28% in 2010 (Figure 3.8). In 2011, the share of Australia/New Zealand combined represented 11% share of imports, while Malaysia had the largest share with 34%. November 2012 6
Figure 3.8 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Air Conditioner Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units) Air Conditioners (all sizes) have the highest import value of all electrical appliances imported into PNG and covered under this report (Figure 3.9). Figure 3.9 Import Value (PGK) per Year for Air Conditioners (All Sizes) The import value of air conditioners peaked in 2009 with approximately 25,000,000 PGK, while the import value from 2008 and 2010 was at approximately 16,000,000 PGK. Data on import values for 2011 would enable a clear view on the market trend. Both China and Australia/New Zealand have an average import value share of 26% each (Figure 3.10). However, based on import value, there is a growing share of air conditioners imported from Malaysia (26% in 2010). Unlike other electrical appliances, there is no 2011 import value data for air conditioner imports in PNG. November 2012 7
Figure 3.10 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Air Conditioner (All Sizes) Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value) 3.1.3 Electric Water Heaters The imports of electrical water heaters, on a unit basis, reached a low point in 2009 with approximately 3,900 units, yet the value rose in 2010 and 2011 to reach 12,300 units, the same value as in 2008 (Figure 3.11). Figure 3.11 Number of Electric Water Heaters Imported per Year (units) Figure 3.12 illustrates how the origin of electric water heater imports into PNG changed significantly from 2008 to 2011, with decreasing shares from China from 2008 to 2011 and increasing import shares from Hong Kong (32%), US (21%) and Thailand (19%) in 2011. In addition, despite a growing trend from 2008 to 2010, the share of electrical water heaters originating from Australia fell from 68% in 2010 to only 17% in 2011. Import value data for 2012 would help determine if this change in market share is punctual or long-lasting. November 2012 8
Figure 3.12 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Electric Water Heater Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units) The electric water heater import values ranged from approximately 1,800,000 PGK in 2010 to 2,300,000 PGK in 2009 (Figure 3.13). Note that the 2009 import value does not reflect the lowest number of imported units in 2009 shown above and therefore indicating a potential data error. Figure 3.13 Import Value (PGK) per Year for Electric Water Heaters Based on import value, an average 61% of electric water heaters were sourced from Australia. In 2011, the share of imports from Singapore and Malaysia increased to 22% and 19%, respectively (Figure 3.14). November 2012 9
Figure 3.14 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Electric Water Heater Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value) 3.1.4 Lighting Appliances The number of fluorescent lamps imported into PNG remained relatively unchanged from 2008 to 2011 with average 285,000 units imported per year. While, the number of other lighting 4 appliances varied during 2008 to 2011 and reached its highest value with over 810,000 units in 2011. Note that the difference in annual values could be due to bulk purchase of electrical appliances by local wholesalers, retailers or private companies (e.g. hotel sector) in a given year or interpretation of international harmonized system codes used to identify the type of electrical appliances by the national customs department. Figure 3.15 Number of (Linear) Fluorescent Lamps and Other Lighting Imported per Year (units) 4 Other lighting includes ballasts for fluorescent lamps and other lamps not classified under other harmonized codes. This code could potentially include compact fluorescent lamps although these are more likely to be covered under the harmonized system code for fluorescent lamps. See section on harmonized system codes in the main report for more details. November 2012 10
There is limited information on the source of (linear) fluorescent lamps in PNG. Existing data from 2008 and 2011, shows that Australia, China and Singapore were the main countries of origin although only the share of imports from China increased and reached a 62% share in 2011 (Figure 3.16). Figure 3.16 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Fluorescent Lamp Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units) The source of other lighting imports is more clearly portrayed as there is data available for 2009 and 2010 (Figure 3.17). The share of imports of other lighting from Australia fell gradually from 56% in 2008 to only 16% in 2011, while the imports originating from China rose from 24% in 2008 to 62% in 2011. Figure 3.17 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Other Lighting Imports by Country of Origin (based on number of units) As shown by Figure 3.18, there is no import value data for fluorescent lamps for 2009 and 2010 and no data on other lighting for 2009, and therefore it is not possible to conduct an adequate analysis of the data available. In addition, the fact there is no data on incandescent lighting it is likely that the customs department in PNG considers these under the harmonized system code for other lighting appliances. It is also probable the fluorescent lamps imported during 2010 were allocated under the code for other lighting appliances, reflecting a significant rise in import value. November 2012 11
Figure 3.18 Import Value (PGK) per Year for Fluorescent Lamps and Other Lamps Based on import value data, more than 40% of fluorescent lamps were imported from Australia, followed by China with an average 22% share (Figure 3.19). For other lighting appliances, Australia is the main source of import (>50% share) with exception for 2009 where China had an import share of 96% (Figure 3.20). However, the import value of lighting appliances from China is likely to be lower than the import value of Australia. Figure 3.19 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Fluorescent Lamps by Country of Origin (based on import value) November 2012 12
Figure 3.20 Annual Percentage Breakdown of Other Lighting by Country of Origin (based on import value) It is important to mention that there is no international harmonized system code for compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and therefore it is not possible to determine the market penetration of these energy efficient lighting appliances against i.e. incandescent lamps. It might be advantageous, under the PALS Programme to identify a single harmonized system code for CFLs in the Pacific region for future analysis. 3.2 Market Characteristics The data presented in this section is based on an electric appliance survey of three major retailers and wholesalers in Port Moresby, PNG, conducted by IIEC during June 2012. The data gathered includes information on appliance brands, country of manufacture, and complements existing customs data presented in Section 3.1. Note that information of electrical appliance brands and country of manufacture is not comprehensive. The country of manufacture of certain appliances is not easily identifiable and in some cases could only be determined through the product s user manual. Table 3.1 Brand and countries of manufacture of most common electrical appliances in PNG Electrical Appliance Brand Countries of Manufacture Air Conditioners (all sizes) Domestic Dish Washer Domestic Washing Machines Compact Fluorescent Lamps LG, Kelvinator, Kelon, Midea, Gree, Sharp, Panasonic, Haier, Akira Heller, West Point, Fisher & Paykel, Simpson, Dishlex Haier, Simpson, West Point, TCL, JEC, ATECH GE Australia, New Zealand, South Korea, China, Japan, Indonesia Australia, France, New Zealand, Thailand, Europe, Singapore New Zealand, Thailand, France, Singapore, Japan China Electric Fans Air Monster, Kool, Sanyo China Linear Fluorescent Lamps Freezers GE West Point, Fisher & Paykel, Westinghouse, Xingx, Sanyo China, Malaysia Australia, China, France, New Zealand, South Korea, Incandescent Lamps CLA, GE Australia, Hungary November 2012 13
Refrigerators Westinghouse, Kelvinator, Fisher & Paykel, Sharp, LG, Whirlpool, Akira, Xingx, Samsung Televisions Star Vision, Integrity, LG, Sharp, E- Homes, Philips, Samsung Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea, India, China, Singapore, Thailand Thailand, China, South Korea, Japan, Singapore Table 3.1 identifies a range of international brands and the countries of manufacture are mostly China, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Japan and South Korea. 3.3 Energy Labels The data presented in this section is based on an electric appliance survey of three major retailers and wholesalers in Port Moresby, PNG, conducted by IIEC during June 2012. The objective of the survey was to compile information on the proportion of energy labels for each type of electrical appliance and the respective country of origin of these labels. Table 3.2 only provides information on the electrical appliances which had affixed any type of energy label. Electrical Appliance Air Conditioners (all sizes) Domestic Dish Washers Domestic Washing Machines Table 3.2 Proportion of Electrical Appliances with Energy Labels % with Energy Labels Types of Energy Label 10% - 20% Of those with energy labels, 95% to 100% had Aus/NZ Energy Label. One appliance had Hong Kong Energy Label 40% 50% Of those with energy labels, 90% to 95% had Aus/NZ Energy Label, while the remaining share has Singaporean Energy Labels 40% - 60% Of those with energy labels, 50% had Aus/NZ Energy Label and other 50% had Singaporean Energy Label Freezers 60 75% Of those with energy labels, 95% to 100% had Aus/NZ Energy Label. The remaining few had Singaporean Energy Label Refrigerators 30% - 40% Of those with energy labels, 95% to 100% had Aus/NZ Energy Label. The remaining few had Singaporean Energy Label The share of appliances with energy labels in PNG is relatively low (<60%) with exception of freezers. Typically, in the Pacific region, the share of refrigerators with energy labels is usually above 50%. These findings provide a qualitative indication of the market share of appliances sourced through Australian and New Zealand and generally match the figures presented above on the countries of origin. 3.4 Information Gaps This section summarizes the identified information gaps on electrical appliances in Papua New Guinea. The data presented in this report is based on one on-site survey of major wholesalers and retailers shops as well as available customs data in Papua New Guinea. This report does not cover electrical appliances imported privately. As highlighted in Section 3.1, the main information gaps in the customs data provided are related to incandescent lamps, electric fans, domestic dish washers and washing machines and televisions. The customs data gathered by the National Statistics Office should be further improved to enable data compilation on the electrical appliances mentioned above. Furthermore, there is a clear need for improvement in customs data compilation to differentiate between linear November 2012 14
and compact fluorescent lamps to better evaluate the impact and market penetration of CFLs in the country. In addition, each customs department in the Pacific has a different interpretation of the international harmonized systems codes (>20 codes) for television appliances. Therefore it is challenging to analyse the television import statistics under one single harmonized code. November 2012 15
4 CONCLUSION Based on analysis of the electrical appliances customs data for the period of 2008 to 2011 and the wholesaler and retailer shop surveys conducted in June 2012, the large majority of the electrical appliances imported into Papua New Guinea, particularly high energy consuming appliances such as refrigerators, freezers and air conditioners are sourced from Australia and China. Due to the population size and diversity of electrical appliances available in the PNG market, unlike the other 16 Pacific Islands countries covered in this study, the PNG S&L implementation agency could consider developing its own S&L programme suited to the market requirements. However, the institutional framework and capacity would have to be analysed to determine the feasibility of implementing a S&L programme in PNG which is beyond the scope of this technical analysis report. Nevertheless, note that note that the development of a S&L programme for PNG needs to take into account market demand and supply trends, as well as a range of other factors bearing on the design and effectiveness of S&L programmes. Furthermore, it should allow for the energy efficient appliances to enter the market at an affordable price, irrespective of origin or manufacture. Finally, in order to further improve customs data compilation and analysis of market penetration of CFLs, in Papua New Guinea and the Pacific Region, a single harmonized system code for the Pacific region should be discussed and established to enable a clear evaluation of the market uptake of CFLs in the future. November 2012 16
5 ANNEX COUNTRY DATA SHEETS Table 5.1 Physical Units Imported per Year Electrical Appliance 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 (Linear) Fluorescent Lighting - 320,887-266,913 272,646 Air Conditioners (all sizes) - 21,161 21,161 21,297 - Domestic Dish Washers - - - - - Domestic Washing Machines - - - - - Electric Water Heaters - 12,333 3,906 5,234 12,345 Electric Fans - - - - - Freezers - 7,338 7,338 21,471 38,937 Incandescent Lighting - - - - - Other Lighting - 287,703 446,348 277,785 814,322 Refrigerators - 2,153 2,153 2,767 6,051 Televisions - - - - - Note Large difference between annual values might indicate bulk purchase of appliances by wholesalers, retailers or private companies, assuming no change in customs department interpretation of harmonized system codes. The (-) sign indicated information was not available November 2012 17
Australia China Hong Kong Singapore Philippines Japan Malaysia New Zealand Thailand US South Korea Others Australia China Hong Kong Singapore Philippines Japan Malaysia New Zealand Thailand US South Korea Others Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support Table 5.2 Percentage Breakdown of Imports by Country of Origin (based on units imported) for 2008 and 2009 2008 2009 Air Conditioners 5% 44% 10% 1% 0% 0% 19% 1% 10% 1% 3% 7% 10% 34% 13% 3% 0% 0% 10% 4% 14% 2% 2% 7% (All Sizes) Refrigerators 8% 66% 0% 3% 0% 0% 0% 3% 11% 0% 0% 8% 2% 37% 10% 14% 0% 0% 0% 6% 15% 0% 6% 10% Freezers 5% 19% 5% 2% 0% 0% 1% 8% 43% 0% 0% 17% 11% 23% 3% 11% 1% 0% 3% 24% 1% 0% 0% 21% (Linear) Fluorescent 43% 16% 0% 24% 0% 0% 8% 0% 5% 0% 0% 4% - - - - - - - - - - - - Lamps Other Lighting 56% 24% 1% 7% 0% 0% 11% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 47% 21% 1% 2% 0% 0% 27% 0% 0% 0% 1% 1% Electric Water Heaters 49% 40% 0% 2% 0% 0% 5% 1% 0% 2% 0% 0% 56% 30% 3% 10% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% November 2012 18
Australia China Hong Kong Singapore Philippines Japan Malaysia New Zealand Thailand US South Korea Others Australia China Hong Kong Singapore Philippines Japan Malaysia New Zealand Thailand US South Korea Others Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support Table 5.3 Percentage Breakdown of Imports by Country of Origin (based on units imported) for 2010 and 2011 2010 2011 Air Conditioners 7% 28% 11% 7% 0% 0% 34% 4% 7% 0% 1% 1% - - - - - - - - - - - - (All Sizes) Refrigerators 7% 38% 16% 3% 0% 0% 1% 7% 8% 0% 11% 9% 6% 27% 0% 10% 0% 0% 15% 8% 6% 11% 0% 16% Freezers 7% 21% 6% 2% 0% 0% 5% 52% 0% 0% 0% 7% 29% 29% 2% 0% 0% 0% 9% 20% 3% 0% 0% 8% (Linear) Fluorescent - - - - - - - - - - - - 20% 40% 1% 16% 0% 0% 6% 0% 0% 1% 0% 15% Lamps Other Lighting 37% 31% 3% 4% 1% 0% 17% 2% 0% 0% 0% 5% 16% 62% 3% 2% 0% 0% 15% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% Electric Water Heaters 68% 12% 13% 3% 0% 2% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 17% 3% 32% 5% 0% 0% 2% 0% 19% 21% 0% 0% November 2012 19
Table 5.4 Import Value (PGK) Per Year Electrical Appliance 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 (Linear) Fluorescent Lighting - 1,815,980 - - 2,193,207 Air Conditioners (all sizes) - 16,304,805 25,078,060 16,691,432 - Domestic Dish Washers - - - - - Domestic Washing Machines - - - - - Electric Water Heaters - 2,094,867 2,339,645 1,792,905 2,130,630 Electric Fans - - - - - Freezers - 8,760,909 11,576,474 14,886,894 16,068,248 Incandescent Lighting - - - - - Other Lighting - 7,368,479-19,035,437 15,835,638 Refrigerators - 1,429,356 3,393,310 2,542,230 5,242,551 Televisions - - - - - Note Large difference between annual values might indicate bulk purchase of appliances by wholesalers, retailers or private companies, assuming no change in customs department interpretation of harmonized system codes. The (-) sign indicated information was not available November 2012 20
Australia China Hong Kong Singapore Philippines Japan Malaysia New Zealand Thailand US South Korea Others Australia China Hong Kong Singapore Philippines Japan Malaysia New Zealand Thailand US South Korea Others Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support Table 5.5 Percentage Breakdown of Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value) for 2008 and 2009 2008 2009 Air Conditioners 24% 28% 5% 2% 0% 0% 10% 4% 12% 2% 3% 9% 24% 28% 5% 2% 0% 0% 10% 4% 12% 2% 3% 9% (All Sizes) Refrigerators 35% 12% 2% 18% 0% 0% 1% 8% 18% 0% 3% 4% 35% 12% 2% 18% 0% 0% 1% 8% 18% 0% 3% 4% Freezers 16% 11% 1% 15% 0% 0% 24% 18% 3% 0% 0% 11% 16% 11% 1% 15% 0% 0% 24% 18% 3% 0% 0% 11% (Linear) Fluorescent 48% 16% 4% 7% 1% 0% 9% 0% 11% 1% 0% 4% - - - - - - - - - - - - Lamps Other Lighting 72% 6% 1% 5% 0% 0% 13% 0% 1% 0% 0% 1% 3% 96% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Electric Water Heaters 63% 6% 0% 15% 0% 0% 2% 0% 0% 8% 0% 5% 77% 7% 0% 14% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% November 2012 21
Australia China Hong Kong Singapore Philippines Japan Malaysia New Zealand Thailand US South Korea Others Australia China Hong Kong Singapore Philippines Japan Malaysia New Zealand Thailand US South Korea Others Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support Table 5.6 Percentage Breakdown of Imports by Country of Origin (based on import value) for 2010 and 2011 2010 2011 Air Conditioners 13% 23% 8% 4% 0% 0% 26% 10% 8% 0% 2% 6% - - - - - - - - - - - - (All Sizes) Refrigerators 26% 28% 7% 3% 0% 0% 2% 11% 7% 0% 9% 7% 31% 11% 0% 8% 0% 1% 1% 17% 18% 3% 0% 10% Freezers 18% 19% 4% 4% 0% 0% 10% 18% 0% 0% 0% 27% 19% 20% 1% 1% 0% 0% 3% 19% 18% 0% 1% 18% (Linear) Fluorescent - - - - - - - - - - - - 42% 27% 3% 11% 0% 0% 6% 0% 2% 1% 0% 8% Lamps Other Lighting 68% 11% 2% 2% 0% 0% 9% 5% 0% 3% 0% 2% 53% 15% 2% 4% 0% 0% 13% 1% 0% 1% 3% 8% Electric Water Heaters 58% 5% 5% 14% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 16% 45% 3% 5% 22% 0% 0% 19% 1% 0% 1% 0% 4% November 2012 22
6 REFERENCES Secretariat for the Pacific Community (SPC), Statistics for Development, 2011, http://www.spc.int/sdp/ Papua New Guinea National Statistics Office, 2012, http://www.spc.int/prism/country/pg/stats/ November 2012 23