Campus ownership opportunities and threats la propriété du campus - opportunités et menaces dr. ir. Alexandra den Heijer chair Real Estate Management Faculty of Architecture, TU Delft July 7, 2011 Universities in the Netherlands 13 14 universities in the Netherlands: 16 mln Dutch inhabitants Groningen 235,000 students 45,000 faculty/staff 4,5 million m2 gfa 1200 ha land property 5 1 2 Amsterdam T Enschede source data: 2009 Leiden T Delft 3 6 Utrecht A Wageningen Rotterdam 11 Nijmegen 7 Tilburg T Eindhoven T A universities of technology (3) agricultural university 0 50 100 km Open University - distant learning 9 Heerlen Maastricht DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* @*
Dutch campus development in four stages campus city city 1.! - before WW-II - small elite university - inner city model, integrated 2.! - from the 50 s to 90 s - growth / labs - on the edge of the city 1995: transfer of ownership from ministry to universities Dutch campus development in four stages campus city city 1.! - before WW-II - small elite university - inner city model, integrated 2.! - from the 50 s to 90 s - growth / labs - on the edge of the city campus city campus city 3.! - around 2000 - city has grown around campus - what to do? 4.! - 21st century - merge campus functions with city? - cities in knowledge economy: univer-cities Source: Managing the university campus (Den Heijer, 2011) DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* >*
University campus in 2011 campus stad campus stad gebouwen gebouwen gebouwen stad gebouwen Decreasing public funding Ageing campus (technically and functionally) More than 50 % of floor area is from 1960s and 1970s Low occupancy and frequency rates Sustainable campus! greening the campus Increasing costs of campus Expanding campus! city 6 Bron: Managing the university campus (Den Heijer, 2011) DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* H*
Age profile university real estate m2 cumulative cumulatief m2 > 50% of floor area is 60s & 70s July 8, 2011 7 Source: Managing the university campus (Den Heijer, 2007/2009) UU-4 RU-1 RUG-3 TUD-3 RUG-2 UU-5 RUG-5 EUR-2 Utrecht / UU Nijmegen / RU Groningen / RUG Delft / TUD Groningen / RUG Utrecht / UU Groningen / RUG Rotterdam / EUR WU-2 TUE-4 UT-1 UT-3 WU-1 EUR-1 TUD-1 TUE-2 Wageningen / WU Eindhoven / TUE Enschede / UT Enschede / UT Wageningen / WU Rotterdam / EUR Delft / TUD Eindhoven / TUE RUG-4 LEI-1 UvA-1 TUD-2 UT-2 VU-2 RUG-6 LEI-2 Groningen / RUG Leiden / LEI Amsterdam / UvA Delft / TUD Enschede / UT Amsterdam / VU Groningen / RUG Leiden / LEI UU-3 VU-1 UvT-1 UM-2 WU-3 EUR-3 RUG-1 UM-3 Utrecht / UU Amsterdam / VU Tilburg / UvT Maastricht / UM Wageningen / WU Rotterdam / EUR Groningen / RUG Maastricht / UM RU-2 UvA-2 UU-1 TUE-1 UU-2 UM-1 TUE-3 TUD-4 Nijmegen / RU Amsterdam / UvA Utrecht / UU Eindhoven / TUE Utrecht / UU Maastricht / UM Eindhoven / TUE Delft/TUD July 7, 2011 DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* I*
Current replacement costs (new projects) range: 500 to 4000 euro / m2 gfa (price level October 2009) July 8, 2011 9 Source: Managing the university campus (Den Heijer, 2007/2009/2011) Problems internationally shared July 7, 2011 DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* J*
Different ownership / management models 3 real estate companies APPA/SCUP: professional management support 1 management organisation directors of estate organised in AUDE July 7, 2011 OWNERSHIP Campus management: 4 tasks! (1) assessing the current campus! (2) exploring changing demand! (3) generating future models for the campus! (4) defining projects to transform the campus (1) évaluer le campus actuel (2) explorer les évolutions de la demande (3) générer des modèles à venir pour le campus (4) de définir des projets pour transformer le campus July 7, 2011 DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* K*
Campus management: 4 tasks! generate collective data to compare individual universities! many countries have informal or professional organisations to share management information HIS Akademiska Hus HEFCE / AUDE HOI collect and compare strategic financial - functional physical management information July 7, 2011 Campus management is about four different perspectives Strategic Financial Policy makers Controllers Users Technical managers Functional Physical m2 DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* <*
model A traditional university - exclusiveness, elite & large - can we still afford this? model C virtual university work where you want DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* L*
model D University College small, broad, Bachelor in English, selected talent - changing the academic workplace DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* M*
- sustainable solutions -! CO 2 neutral campus (photo: Wageningen) - sharing laboratories and other expensive facilities DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* @?*
student & faculty housing - creating the place to meet (photo: Delft) DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* @@*
- intensive and flexible use of high quality facilities - more quality, less quantity - new life for old (photo: Maastricht) DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* @>*
luchtfoto gebouw univer-city (photo Groningen) DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* @H*
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More information in books and online www.managingtheuniversitycampus.nl Campus ownership opportunities and threats la propriété du campus opportunités - menaces -! autonomy to decide -! costs and benefits closely connected -! more cost-consciousness -! more support for culture change -! land value: relation with local parties -! chance to have a campus portfolio strategy (manage a city ) -! backlog maintenance -! much higher capital costs -! poor technical state can frustrate university goals -! resources for campus can not be invested in education and research -! organization not prepared for new management tasks -! lack of management information July 7, 2011 DDD3E'%'F0%F&5#7%0G#"$0&;4'E!7$3%,* @J*