Waste Management in the City of Bremen Folie 1
Something about Bremen founded: before 800 1186: privilege to municipality 1358: member of the Hanse, Bremen became rich by trade and harbor 1827: founding of Bremerhaven (60 km outside, main harbor today) Industry-town: steelworks, cars aerospace, food, high-tech-industrie (electronic, microbiology, logistic by satellites, marine technology) 2 universities, some colleges, research institutes 548.500 residents R4R Conference Folie 2 Brüssel, 17.09.14
1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Domestic waste collection in Bremen 550 kg/e 500 450 400 350 300 2013: 427 kg/e + 20 kg/e littering and public waste bins 250 200 150 sum domestic waste disposal (landfill and incineration) material recovery including komposting energy recovery 100 50 0 Folie 3
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Collection of waste for recovery 90 kg/e 80 70 60 50 paper packaging glas packaging lightweigt packaging biowaste garden waste scrap textiles electronic waste, batteries 40 30 20 10 0 Folie 4
Waste collection systems (kerbside system) Residual waste: bins (60-1.100 Liter) Bremer Müllsack (70 Liter) Biowaste: bins (60-90 Liter) paper and cardboard: bins (120-1.100 Liter), bundle collection Lightweight packaging: yellow bins (60-1.100 Liter), yellow bag Collection every 2 weeks: residual- and bio waste or paper and yellow bag bulky waste and christmas trees: collection by order at the roadside Folie 5
Waste collection systems (bring system) 300 public containerplaces: glas, textiles (ca. 230), small electrical equipment (10 since spring 2014 for a test) 130 containerplaces on private ground: glas, paper and cardboard (big housing enterprises) Truck for hazardous substances 15 Recycling-Stations: Garden waste, paper and cardboard, scrap, WEEE, construction waste, textiles and others, some recyclingstation have restrictions for specific waste Folie 6
Costs for waste collection 10,3% 0,9% 3,2% contract for residual waste, WEEE, textiles bulky waste garden waste, christmas trees biowaste 3,8% 9,1% 38,0% paper, cardboard hazardous substances construction waste 0,9% 0,7% 5,0% 12,4% 13,0% littering, public waste bins, waste cars charge management, waste advice, service operation of recycling-stations opreating of containerplaces other 2,6% overall costs for consumers 2014: 54 mio costs for packaging collection not included! Folie 7
Coded bin Standard PAYT-Systen in Bremen Introduced in 1995 by the City of Bremen Charges remined stable until 2013, system changed in some points in 2014 (basic charge, minimum volume of 15 l/e, more charge-fairness, charge for business) Today every bin for residual waste, paper and biowaste is encoded by chip Useful for control (to whom belongs the bin, where is it, etc.) Every emptying of a waste bin is counted, not paper- and biobin The charge includes all services No extra charge for biobin, bulky waste, use of recycling stations etc. Responsible to pay the charge is the owner of a property Folie 8
Waste disposal charges basic charge: household or 120 m 2 business Since 01.01.2014 Folie 9
Waste collection by lock-system Introduced by a private housing enterprise (GEWOBA) in January 2014 One neighbourhood with app. 8.700 flats / 25.000 residents Objective is to save money (waste charges) for residents and GEWOBA by reducing the volume from 42 l/e to 25 l/e or less The years before a contracted company sorted the residual waste to reach 42 l/e 1.100 l bins in a closed box with 2 doors (5 l and 20 l) Users can open the doors with electronic chips, every use is counted The charge will be calculate at the end of the year by dividing the charge Gewoba has to pay by the number of usings, but basic charge System is added by bins for paper and light-weight-packaging Folie 10
Use of the lock-system Folie 11
Experiences with the lock-system System is not in use for paper bins and yellow bins for lightweight packagings System is not practical for bulky waste like the system before System is expensive Starter problems decreased GEWOBA says 92% of residents use the system properly and 85% of the yellow bins and 90% of the paper bins are filled correctly Amount of residual waste decrease Amount of packaging waste and paper increase Not because of better sorting but because of more waste in these systems More problems with rats and crows because some people put their waste alongside the bins, foreign people use the recovery bins Some people wanted a biobin, so it was introduced at some places for a test Test failured because of too much waste in the biobins, cleaning problem After sorting tests they were brought to incineration directly Folie 12
Thank You for your Attention! Folie 13