February 2014 Version 1.2
Strategies for creating healthy active developments The following master checklist has been prepared as a tool to provide developments that encourage and support physical activity and health outcomes including healthy eating. The greater the number of checklist items provided within a project area or area influenced by the project the more likely there will be healthy outcomes. The best outcomes will come from working collaboratively with government agencies, land developers and the community as each stakeholder group has an important role to play in the delivery of healthy communities. The checklist items should be considered to fulfill the objectives of the strategies listed under each design feature. Note: All distances and catchments refer to measurements using actual distances (service areas along the street network) rather than linear calculations (as the crow-flies). of evidence base: The HABD design strategies are rated according to the strength of the supporting research evidence. It distinguishes between strategies based on theory and existing practice and those grounded in evidence-based research on the relationship between the built environment and physical activity. Strategies with strong underlying research / evidence base are known to likely increase physical activity. Recommendations supported by emerging evidence or best practice may be just as effective as measures grounded in strong evidence, but have not yet been researched or quantified to the same degree. An icon system is used to assist the user in identifying the strength of evidence underlying each strategy. *** Strong Evidence Indicates strategies supported by a pattern of evidence from cross-sectional studies and review level evidence. The strength of the research allows us to conclude there is a strong relationship between the suggested environmental intervention and the behavioural outcome. ** Emerging Evidence Indicates design strategies supported by an emerging pattern of research. Existing studies have given reason to believe that the suggested environmental intervention will likely lead to increased physical activity, but the research is not yet definitive. (Perhaps no longitudinal studies and/or review level data). * Suggested Practices Indicates design strategies without a formal evidence base. However, theory, common understandings of behaviour and experience from existing practice indicate that these measures will likely increase physical activity. 1
TOWN CENTRE / MAIN STREET OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective Develop town centres and main streets with a mix of land uses within walking distance of most residential dwellings to provide local destinations to support walkable neighbourhoods. Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A Distribution of and access to centres 1 *** Develop a system of compact mixed-use walkable neighbourhoods with groupings of key destination points that meet the diverse needs of the community 1A Are mixed-use neighbourhood or town centres centres provided within a 5-10 minute walk 400-800m walk of the majority (i.e. 60%) of residential dwellings within the development? (The size of the catchment may be expanded through the use of bicycles) 2 *** Support pedestrian and cyclist access to town centres 2A 2B 2C Are there clearly marked and connected dual use paths to lead to and through neighbourhood / town centres that support walking and cycling access to the centre? Are there end of trip cycle facilities (i.e. bike racks and drinking fountains) provided in the centre? Consider rest spots en-route for vulnerable groups Are public transport stops present within 250m of the centre? Configuration of centre 3 ** Facilitate mixed-use activity centres that are structured in main street formats/layouts not dominated by car parking or in big-box layouts. 2
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 3A Is the centre configured in a main-street layout where pedestrian-scaled, street-fronting retail and community service layouts predominate? 3B Are car parking bays designed to be a secondary element in the streetscape providing a safe and convenient pedestrian environment? For example the car parking bays can be sleaved behind the buildings or located in underground, or under croft car parking. Attractive Public Realm 4 ** Provide a high quality and attractive public realm and streetscape with amenities for comfort and convenience throughout the centre. 4A Have street trees for shade and shelter along footpaths and open spaces been provided? 4B Have drinking fountains been provided throughout the centre and are these easily identifiable? 4C Have suitable CPTED street lighting principles been provided? Lighting should also be required in the awnings of buildings to provide adequate lighting on paths and where people walk and sit. 4D Have plants, decorative surfaces and artwork been provided? 4E Does the centre contain a public piazza / public open space that is flexible in scale, design and layout to allow for diverse functions and social activities supporting a sense of community? 4F Has the design considered climate proofing and designing out the effects of strong winds? Provide a mix of destinations 5 *** Ensure centres offer a mix of destinations or uses to provide opportunities for activity at different periods of the day and night 5A Does the centre zoning, town planning scheme, structure plan or land use planning policy provide/offer a broad mix of different destinations, including, retail, commercial, recreational and community land uses and facilities? 5B Are community activities co-located within the centre? 5C Have key stakeholders (across planning, transport and health) and the community been involved in the development to ensure the potential for physical activity and healthy eating outcomes? 3
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 5D Have civic, cultural and community facilities (such as council offices, performing arts centres, tertiary institutions, health services, sports and leisure facilities) been considered for inclusion in appropriately sized centres? 5E Does the centre contain a public plaza of open space that allows for diverse functions and social activities to promote walking and cycling and as places for people to gather and promote opportunities for social and community interactions? 5F Are public transit stops present within or accessible within 250m 2 walking distances of the centre? 5G As a minimum requirement, does the local centre contain, or have provision in the future for a small convenience shop, a public transport stop and a post box? 5H Does the proportion of mixed land use floor space within activity centres address those outlined in the State Planning Policy 4.2 Activity Centres for Perth and Peel? Access to fresh and healthy food 6 ** Ensure the centre provides fresh and healthy food stores to help promote healthier diets. 6A Are fresh and healthy food stores provided as part of the land use / destination mix within the centre? 6B Are effective governance processes and policies are in place to ensure the provision of a diverse range of retailers, inclusive of fresh and healthy food options? Is there a competitive and accessible positioning for a diverse and balanced range of food outlets (i.e. better product mix at centres) including fresh and healthy food stores or markets within the centres? 6C Are incentives in place to encourage businesses to provide fresh food produce? 6D Are health experts engaged with the design and planning process to support the importance of environments that promote healthy eating? 6E Are there effective governance processes and policies in place e.g a place manager to co-ordinate the use of centre facilities promoting a diverse range of users and supply of fresh and healthy food options? 6F Are incentives in place to allow fresh and healthy mobile food vendors and other innovative food retail and distribution initiatives? 4
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 6G Have strategies been put in place to establish and allow for farmers markets or public markets to be run within the town centre? Is the space and design suitable to accommodate these uses? 6H Is there clear guidance within local planning policy that considers the restriction of fast-food takeaway restaurants where vulnerable groups such as children and young people are located e.g school, daycare centres and schools? For example do not locate fast food and take away restaurants within walkable catchment areas (800m radius) around schools or along major routes to schools. Diverse lots 7 *** Provide for diverse lot sizes, including smaller lots capable of supporting higher density developments, especially in and around activity centres, to support self-contained mixed-use centres that will facilitate an increase in the use of public or active transport. 7A Does the master plan, structure plan, detailed area plan, guide plan, subdivision plan, or strata title plan provide for a diversity of lot sizes, including small lots and grouped/multiple dwelling development sites to encourage increased residential densities and housing types/choice? 7B Are appropriate incentives in place to encourage innovative land development within existing mixed-use centres to encourage higher residential densities? 7C Does the planning for the area conform to the density targets established by the state government within Directions 2031, Sub-regional strategies and regional structure plans? Incentives to deliver an activity centre early 8 * Put in place mechanisms and incentives to create mixed-use areas and destinations (i.e. shops and services) early in the development phases of new neighbourhoods. 8A Have mechanisms and /or incentives to encourage the development of a mixed-use centre early in the development stage been put in place? Consider a range of initiatives such as a place manager, local policy and contractual agreements, density bonuses, plot ratio bonuses cash in lieu contributions. 5
MIXED-USE OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective Develop mixed-use walkable neighbourhoods with groupings of destinations that meet the needs of the community and offer a wide choice of housing, retail, shops and services, sport and recreation, local employment and educational opportunities and associated community and commercial facilities inclusive of travel networks. Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A Access to mixed-use centres 1 *** Develop a system of compact mixed-use walkable neighbourhoods with groupings of key destination points that meet the diverse needs of the community. 1A Are groupings of key destination points provided within a 400-800m walk of the majority (i.e. 60%) of residential dwellings within the neighbourhood? Provide a mix of destinations 2 *** Ensure the activity centre offers a mix of destinations or uses to provide opportunities for activity at different periods of the day and night. 2A Refer to Strategy 5 of Town Centre / Main Street. Access to fresh and healthy food 3 * Provide fresh and healthy food stores to help promote healthy eating. 3A Refer to Strategy 6 of Town Centre / Main Street. Incentives to deliver a mixed-use early in the development phase of new neighbourhoods 4 *** Put in place mechanisms and incentives to create mixed-use areas and destinations (i.e. shops and services) early in the development phases of new neighbourhoods. 4A Refer to Strategy 8 of Town Centre / Main Street. 6
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A Density to support mixed-use 5 *** Provide for diverse lot sizes, including smaller lots capable of supporting higher density developments, especially in and around town and neighbourhood centres, to support selfcontained mixed-use centres that will facilitate an increase in the use of public or active transport. 5A Refer to Strategy 7 of Town Centre / Main Street. 7
MOVEMENT NETWORK OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective Provide an accessible, connected movement network integrating walking, cycling and public transport routes for safe and convenient travel within neighbourhoods and to local destinations. Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A Safe connected street networks 1 *** To provide a safe, convenient, legible, attractive and continuous footpath and cycling network for pedestrians and cyclists, principally along the street network that allows pedestrians and cyclists to take more direct routes to and from destinations and provides convenient linkages to public transport, activity centres and local facilities either in or adjoining the development. 1A Has a permeable and connected street layout been provided to facilitate access to centres? (For example block lengths within centres should not exceed 120m and lot depth should not exceed 30m.) 1B Does the design of pedestrian and cycling networks optimise the walkable access to centres, schools, public transit stops, supermarkets or fresh and healthy stores, parks and areas of open space and other destinations to promote and support walking to daily activities and access to healthy fresh food options? 1C Have connected and continuous network of footpaths been provided? 1D Have connected pedestrian paths been provided through parks for recreation purposes wherever practicable? 8
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 1E 1F 1G 1H 1I 1J 1K 1L 1M 1N Has safe, convenient and legible bike movement network been provided to meet the needs of both experienced and less experienced cyclists, including on-road and off-road routes? Has a safe, convenient and legible movement network for people with disabilities, including those using wheelchairs and similar aids been provided? Have safe places to cross streets through the use of pedestrian crossings been provided? Has pedestrian and bicycle priority been maximised at signalised crossings to reduce wait times and increase crossing times? Have pedestrian refuge islands been provided at intersections to improve road crossing safety? Has traffic management design that aims to restrain vehicle speeds and volumes and limit the negative impact of through traffic to provide/create safe conditions for all street users (i.e. pedestrians and cyclists), particularly around destinations such as centres, schools and areas of public open space been provided? Where culs-de-sac have been provided are there safe attractive access routes at the terminating point to maintain the connectivity of the street network for pedestrians and cyclists been provided? Have safe local streets been provided around local primary schools to encourage walking and riding to school? Have the streets been provided as multi-purpose public spaces, and designed to balance traffic management with other roles such as community spaces, pedestrian environments, parking and as settings for residential and commercial uses? Has continuity of bicycle lanes and footpaths through and between new developments / subdivisions and connecting neighbourhoods been planned for? 9
Strategy Evidence Public transport Statement Checklist Yes No N/A 2 *** To accommodate a comprehensive public transit network that is efficient to operate, comfortable to travel on, and with stops in a street network that facilitates convenient and safe access by pedestrians and cyclists. 2A Have public transport stops along well connected streets at regular intervals been provided? 2B Are bus stops within a walkable distance (i.e. 400m) of most dwellings? 2C Has seating, lighting and shelters for protection from the sun, wind and rain at public transport locations been provided? 2D Have cycle facilities for bike storage at high volume, high frequency public transport nodes been provided? 2E Have any future opportunities to accommodate light rail been provided for in the design? 2F Have any opportunities to support transit oriented development been included in the design of streets? Streetscapes 3 *** Design attractive, interesting, welcoming and distinct streetscapes which reinforce the functions of a street as important and valuable public places, provide a safe, distinct and pleasant environment for residents and other users and add value to the amenity of adjacent housing and developments. 3A Have streetscapes been designed to enable natural surveillance from dwellings and shop fronts? The layout of streets and lots should generally provide for a relatively continuous street frontage for safe, attractive and efficient circulation of pedestrians, cyclists and drivers. 3B Have trees been provided along footpaths for shelter and shade and to create a pleasant and aesthetics environment and visual interest on streets and sidewalks? 3C Have tree types been selected to create street or urban (i.e. in other public spaces) orchards or similar productive shrubs and plantings that can be naturally irrigated by urban run-off, along nature strips or road verges for free/public access fruits, nuts or herbs? 3D Has food education been incorporated into the way streets and places are designed? For example through the use of interpretive signage beside urban/street orchard trees noting the fruit seasons, harvesting details, nutrition facts and culinary uses. 10
Strategy Evidence Statement Checklist Yes No N/A 3E 3F 3G 3H 3I 3J Have lights been positioned to consistently illuminate footpaths and roadway areas and potential entrapment spaces, key road crossing points and intersections and areas intended for night use or areas accessed by pedestrians after dark? Has seating with shade at frequent intervals for people to rest and facilitate social interaction been provided? Have streets and associated built form codes been designed to incorporated Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) provisions including appropriate sight lines? Has engagement with the built and natural environment been incorporating by adding points of interest, such as art, sculptures or historical interpretation along the street networks? Has signage been installed along walking and cycling routes to ensure that it provides information relating to routes, availability and location of amenities, destinations, travel times and distances, and opportunities for the mobility-impaired? Have amenities such as seating, toilets, drinking fountains, bicycle parking, dog waste disposal bins been provided along key walking and cycling routes? 11
PUBLIC OPEN SPACE OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective Provide a range of public open spaces of appropriate quality and quantity in appropriate locations to contribute towards the recreational, physical activity and social needs of all members of the community. Strategy Evidence Checklist statement Yes No N/A Access to Public Open Space 1 *** Ensure that parks or areas of public open space are provided within close proximity and connect with safe walking and cycling routes 1A Are most residential dwellings (i.e. 60%) within a 400-800m walk of a public open space? 1B Have the pedestrian and cycling networks been designed to optimise access to public open space? 1C Can public open spaces located on busy road be accessed via pedestrian crossings leading to or near park entrances? 1D Are the public open spaces accessible for people with disabilities and limited mobility? Location of Public Open Space 12
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 2 * Locate parks and public open spaces close to compatible facilities such as schools, town centres and community buildings to maximise joint use opportunities (e.g. shared community use of school grounds sports fields). 2A Where appropriate, has a community purpose site been co-located with the public open space? 2B Are schools located in conjunction with district open space to enable joint use and maintenance of public open spaces and playing fields? Public Open Space Functions 3 *** To provide a range of public open space types and sizes with facilities that cater for both active and passive recreational needs and a diverse range of activities and uses of different community user groups as well as enhancing local amenity and aesthetics. 3A Has a needs analysis been undertaken and incorporated to consider the function/s, location and appropriate design aspects of the public open space to balance different user groups, cultural groups, natural landscape and features, quality requirements and utility requirements? 3B Do facilities within the public open space cater for a diverse range of active and passive recreational activities and uses? 3C Is the public open space designed as a multi-purpose space with a view to accommodate all potential visitors and cater for the needs of children, adolescents, adults and seniors of all abilities? 3E Are neighbourhood public open spaces provided within a maximum 400m walk from most dwellings? 3F Are district public open spaces provided, within a 600m-1km walk from most dwellings? 3G Does each neighbourhood have access to a district open space which caters for organised sport, community meeting spaces and informal play? 3H Are the district public open spaces of sufficient land area and dimensions to incorporate grassed areas for informal games, organised sport, hard surfaces for games such as netball and basketball, and natural and humanmade differences in elevation (which may also perform a drainage function)? 3I Are regional public open spaces large enough to accommodate a variety of concurrent uses? 13
Strategy Evidence Statement Checklist Yes No N/A 3J Has a needs assessment been undertaken to determine whether regional space is required to meet sport and recreation needs? 3K Has consideration been given to the required function/s of each site and the necessary supporting infrastructure planned for? For example a formal sporting site will require toilets and change-rooms. 3L Are aesthetic features such as trees and bushes, gardens, grass (i.e. irrigated lawns), water sensitive and native flora, natural settings present and appropriately integrated in to the public open space? 3M Are footpaths, wooded areas and constructed and natural trails provided to encourage walking within the public open space? 3N Are children s play spaces, including natural areas / play spaces, provided to encourage active recreation opportunities for children? 3O Are sports surfaces and infrastructure (e.g. basketball or tennis courts) provided to encourage physical activity or exercise within the public open spaces? 3P Is outdoor exercise equipment provided along walking routes to encourage more vigorous physical activity? 4 ** Establish community gardens or farms for local food production within parks or areas of public open space. 4A Have spaces been utilised to enable neighbourhoods to have access to community gardens or farms? Public Open Space Amenities and Facilities 5 *** Provide facilities and amenities for the comfort and convenience of users. 5A 5B 5C Are amenities such as toilets, picnic tables, BBQs, seating and water fountains provided and available for public use within the public open space? Are secure end of trip bicycle parking facilities provided within the public open space? Is (natural or structured) shelter for shade and protection from the weather provided at playgrounds and locations of open space facilities (e.g. BBQ s, seating areas)? 14
Strategy Evidence Statement Checklist Yes No N/A 5D Are strategies in place for the ongoing maintenance of the open space once established? For example cleaning, removal of graffiti, rubbish collection and up grading facilities. Public Open Space Safety 6 *** Design public open space to facilitate natural surveillance to promote safety of users. 6A Have Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) principles been incorporated into the design of the public open space to provide amenity and engender feelings of safety? 6B Is the perimeter of the public open space overlooked by nearby buildings to encourage passive surveillance? 6C Is the perimeter of the public open space surrounded by streets to facilitate natural surveillance by passers-by? 6D Is the perimeter of the public open space permeable (i.e. avoid solid fencing or walls along the perimeters) with multiple entry and exit points provided? Water Management 7 * Integrate urban water management functions with public open space. 7A Have urban water management functions been integrated into areas without compromising public open space function? 8 * Protect and conserve margins of watercourses, water bodies and wetlands and establish public foreshores along the coast and watercourses adjacent to urban development. 8A 8B Has community access been provided to watercourses, water bodies, wetlands established public foreshores along the coast and watercourses adjacent to urban development? For example via boardwalks, linear public open space and path networks. Do spaces set aside for conservation / protection of the natural environment incorporate managed community access? 15
HOUSING DIVERSITY OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective Provide a range of residential lot sizes and choice of housing products and tenures, including increased residential densities in close proximity to mixed-use centres, local employment, community facilities and public transport, to facilitate housing diversity and choice to meet the different housing needs of the community. Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A Lot Size Diversity 1 *** To provide a range of residential lot sizes and dwelling types to facilitate housing diversity and choice and for smaller lots and lots capable of supporting higher density developments, especially in and around town and neighbourhood centres, to support self-contained mixed-use centres and public transport and that will facilitate an increase in the use of public or active transport. 1A Does the master plan, structure plan, detailed area plan, guide plan, subdivision plan, or strata title plan provide for a mix and diversity of lot sizes and housing types (range of sizes, prices, tenures, densities, locations), including small lots to encourage increased residential densities? 1B Have a diversity of lots capable of supporting higher density development in and around town and neighbourhood centres and public transport stops, and adjacent to higher amenity areas such as public open space been provided? 1C Does the lot configuration support state policy residential targets such as the State Planning Policy 4.2 Activity Centres for Perth and Peel? 16
Strategy Evidence Statement Checklist Yes No N/A Suitable Amenity 2 *** To ensure that urban development lots have a suitable level of amenity, and access to services and key destinations for daily living. 2A Does the centre zoning, town planning scheme, structure plan or land use planning policy provide/offer a broad mix of different destinations, including high density residential development, retail, commercial and community land uses and fresh and healthy food stores? 2B Are the majority of dwellings within a 400-800m walk of a mixed-use centre? 2C Are the majority of dwellings within a walkable (400m) distance of a bus stop? See also strategies from the mixed-use, town centre, and public open space design features that closely relate to housing diversity. Safety 3 *** Encourage the use of CPTED features for exterior building design and lot layouts. 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F Have lots and dwelling been orientated to front streets, such that development enhances personal safety, traffic safety, property safety and security; and contributes to streetscape? Are lots and dwellings designed to facilitate safe and efficient vehicle access without street frontages being dominated by garages and parked cars or creating unsafe conditions along arterial routes? Have lots been provided in appropriate locations which are suited to business development to reduce travel and provide jobs? Have lots and dwellings been designed to facilitate noise management, particularly in areas with higher density housing? Have Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) features for exterior dwelling design and lot layouts been used? Are dwellings orientated to overlook areas of public open spaces to enhances personal safety and security 17
Strategy Evidence Statement Checklist Yes No N/A Lot Layout 4 * To produce lot layouts that accommodate the landform, views, prevailing breezes, and environmental features, and take account of site constraints, but wherever possible optimise orientation to suit energy efficient housing. 4A Is the orientation of lots suitable for home gardens and the growing of fresh produce? 4B Has the orientation and size of the lots facilitated efficient use of land and infrastructure which encourages cost savings in housing to benefit the economy and the environment? 4C Have detailed area plans been adopted to guide building layout and access on special sites, smaller lots and mixed-use development sites to enable efficient use of sites, and streetscape amenity, parking optimisation, or to enable future intensification? 4D Have lots served by rear lane access been designed to address issues of personal and property safety? (e.g. lighting, building orientation and fencing). 18
SENSE OF PLACE OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective Develop and enhance a local sense of place through providing mixed-use walkable neighbourhoods with groupings of destinations and services that meet the needs of the community, preserve local places of interest, use local building materials, highlight local stories and history and respond to the local climate. Strategy Evidence Checklist statement Yes No N/A Access and Connections 1 *** To provide a safe, convenient, legible, attractive and continuous footpath and cycling network for pedestrians and cyclists, principally along the street network; to provide excellent accessibility between residences and safe and efficient access to points of attraction in and beyond the development. 1A Has the design of pedestrian and cycling networks to lead to / link to / optimise the walkable access to centres, schools, public transit stops, supermarkets or fresh produce stores, parks and areas of open space and other destinations to promote and support walking to daily activities and healthy eating options been provided? 1B Have the streets been provided as multi-purpose public spaces, and designed to balance traffic management with other roles such as community spaces, pedestrian environments, parking and as settings for residential and commercial uses? 1C Have streetscapes been designed to enable natural surveillance from dwellings and shop fronts? The layout of streets and lots should generally provide for a relatively continuous street frontage for safe, attractive and efficient circulation of pedestrians, cyclists and drivers. See also strategies from the movement network design features that closely relate to creating a sense of place. 19
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A Uses and Activities 2 *** Develop a system of compact mixed-use walkable neighbourhoods with groupings of key destination points or uses to provide opportunities for activity at different periods of the day and night that meet the diverse and changing needs of the community. 2A Does the centre zoning, town planning scheme, structure plan or land use planning policy provide/offer a broad mix of land uses, including high density residential development, retail, commercial and community uses? 2B Are mixed-use centres provided within a 400-800m metre walk of the majority (i.e., 60%) of residential dwellings within the development? 2C Is the centre configured in a main-street layout where pedestrian-scaled, street-fronting retail layouts predominate and car parking bays designed to be a secondary element in the streetscape providing a safe and convenient pedestrian environment? For example the car parking bays can be sleaved behind the buildings or located in underground, or under croft car parking. 2D Have other community facilities such as sports, libraries and performing arts facilities been co-located with educational facilities to facilitate shared use? 2E Does the proposal ensure the community has safe and convenient access to recreational facilities? 2F Does the centre contain a public plaza of open space that allows for diverse functions and social activities and a sense of community? 2G Has use of spaces been made or encouraged, or new space and resources allocated (e.g., water, soil, access to sunlight) for the establishment of community gardens or farms within public parklands? See also strategies from the mixed-use, town centre, and public open space design features that closely relate to creating a sense of place Comfort and Image 3 *** Design attractive, interesting, welcoming and distinct streetscapes which reinforce the functions of a street as important and valuable public places, provide a safe, distinct and pleasant environment for residents and other users and add value to the amenity of adjacent housing and developments. 3A Have streetscapes been designed to enable natural surveillance from dwellings and shop fronts and encourage social interactions? 3B Have streets and houses codes been designed to incorporate Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) design features? 20
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 3C Have seating with shade at frequent intervals for people to rest and facilitate social interaction been provided? 3D Have native species been used in streetscapes and public open spaces? 3E Have trees been provided along footpaths for shelter and shade and to create a pleasant and aesthetics environment and visual interest on streets and sidewalks? 3F Do the houses have smaller set-backs, meaning they are closer to the sidewalk? 3G Are houses designed with front porches, visible front windows and low walls or borders? See also strategies from the movement network design features that closely relate to creating a sense of place. Use of Local Materials 4 * The use of local building materials can positively contribute to a unique local sense of place, by making reference to local stone, or wood, or traditional building techniques. 4A Have local materials, colour schemes architectural schemes and indigenous plants and materials been used in the proposal? For example have local elements been included in the residential design guidelines for new estates? Community Engagement 5 * In the development of civic buildings or facilities engaging with the community in a place making process identifying what the community would like to have included is of value. This approach to design can support the community to re-enforce an existing sense of place or create a positive refined and new sense of place. 5A Where appropriate has the community been engaged in the uses and form of civic buildings? Historical Context 6 * Understanding the history and heritage of a place may provide insights into the design for sense of place. The design of a place might include interpretation of history, social, economic, environmental and built form or conservation of elements of European and Indigenous history. 6A Has the proposal responded to the history of the place? 6B Do the strategies, plans or policies recognise and build on the identity of existing towns and neighbourhoods? Do they protect and integrate heritage features? 21
SHARED FACILITIES OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective To encourage groupings of key destinations within a single location / building / park within close proximity of each other to improve accessibility, integrated facilities and multiple uses of space and travel networks. Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A Shared use of community infrastructure 1 *** Enable the shared use of community facilities such as school grounds and sports facilities, public open spaces, libraries to develop a focal point for the community. 1A Have community facilities such as sports and recreation centres, libraries and performing arts facilities been co-located with educational facilities to facilitate shared use? 1B Are schools located in conjunction with district public open space to enable joint use and maintenance of playing fields? 1C Have civic administrative centres been designed to accommodate a variety of uses and functions? For example child care, spaces for hire by public (function / wedding areas) meeting rooms for hire by small community groups / community meeting places, spaces for the elderly to gather, sporting equipment and gymnasiums, exercise classes, community gardens, swimming pools and libraries. 1D Is there space within the community facilities to accommodate the area demands of out-of-school care, special education and health services and facilities? 22
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A Access to fresh and healthy food 2 ** To encourage use of community facilities for community or school gardens and farmers markets. 2A Are there mechanisms in place to encourage the use of schools grounds, public open space or community facilities to grow fresh food? 2B Are there mechanisms in place for community facilities, school grounds and associated public open spaces to be used for farmers or fresh produce markets? 2C Have existing centre car parks in close proximity to schools and community facilities been identified for farmers markets (particularly in centres lacking current provision of stores selling fresh produce)? 2D Has use of spaces been made or encouraged, or new space and resources allocated (e.g. water, soil, access to sunlight) for the establishment of community gardens with community access? Access to Shared Facility 3 * To establish an efficient, legible and connected movement network that minimises travel time and allows pedestrians and cyclists to take more direct routes to and from shared facility and provides convenient linkages to public transport, activity centres and local facilities. 3A Has a continuous and connected network of walking and cycling paths that offer a variety of routes been provided to assist access to the shared facility? Ensure Shared Use Agreements are in Place 4 * Schools, recreation facilities, community groups and local governments can enter into joint use agreements to address the perceived barriers to sharing recreational facilities and programs. 4A Has the joint use agreement addressed: Liability? Costs of operation? Maintenance costs and responsibilities? Priority and scheduling of use, hours of availability and conditions of use? Needs Assessment 5 * Conduct a needs assessment for facilities. 23
SCHOOLS OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective Provide an accessible, connected schools within an integrating walking, cycling networks and serviced by public transport routes for students to conveniently access. Strategy Evidence Checklist statement Yes No N/A Access to schools 1 ** To design and locate schools to facilitate young people s access to schools and fresh food by walking, cycling and public transport. 1A Are primary schools provided within an 800m walk of the majority (i.e. 60%) of residential dwellings within the development? 1B Is an interim school required in the location to support the early delivery of education services? 1C Are high schools provided within an 800m-1km walk of a neighbourhood or larger centre? 1D Are the primary schools generally located between neighbourhoods in areas supported by a low speed movement network to enable good accessibility and sharing amongst two or three neighbourhoods? 1E Are high schools and major private schools generally located on integrator arterial routes near public transport? 1F Have options being investigated to restrict the number of fast food outlets and convenience stores within school catchment areas? For example do not locate fast food and take away restaurants within walkable catchment areas (800m radius) around schools or along major routes to schools. 24
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 1G 1H Do centres in close proximity to the school include affordable fresh food opportunities? Have barriers to the community accessing school grounds out of school use hours been removed? For example boundary fencing around ovals / playing fields / sporting facilities preventing community access and use out of school hours. 2 * Co-locate schools with other community facilities and public open space (sports facilities, libraries and performing arts) to develop a focal point for the community. 2A Have community facilities such as sports and recreation centres, libraries and performing arts facilities been co-located with educational facilities to facilitate shared use? 2B Are schools located in conjunction with district public open space to enable joint use and maintenance of playing fields? Routes to schools 3 *** Ensure the location and appropriate design of surrounding roads, and pedestrian and cycle networks to provide safe and convenient access to routes to the school and provide a safe, convenient, legible, attractive and continuous footpath and cycling network for pedestrians and cyclists, principally along the street network; to provide excellent accessibility between residences and school. 3A Have schools sites been located and designed to promote safe walkability, cycling and access by public transport? 3B Has the design of pedestrian and cycling networks lead to / link to / optimise the walkable access to schools? School site design 4 *** Design schools to facilitate young people s physical activity while at school and encourage efficient use of land including co-location of schools and open space (in consultation with the local government) for access by the general community. 4A Have other community facilities such as sports, libraries and performing arts facilities been co-located with educational facilities to facilitate shared use? 4B Has the co-location of public open space amassed sufficient space to meet the community s sport and recreation needs? 4C Are multiple access points provided to enable separate points of entry for school and community use? 25
4D Have a sufficient number of playgrounds, nature-based play spaces and sports fields been provided to support a variety of physical activity opportunities? For example all-weather use outdoor pitches, painting playground surfaces with lines for recreation games or murals, providing activity zones with painting, markings and equipment and the provision of shade and shelter from the wind, rain and sun over play equipment and in other social spaces. 4E Are there mechanisms in place to assist school grounds and associated public open space to be used for farmers or fresh produce markets out of school hours? 4F Is the area set aside for the school able to accommodate the area demands of out-of-school care, special education and health services and facilities? 4G Have Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) design principles been incorporated into the design of the school? 5 ** To encourage the use of school grounds as community gardens for local food production. 5A 5B Are there mechanisms in place to encourage the use of schools grounds for fresh food production? Have existing centre car parks in close proximity to schools been identified for farmers markets (particularly in centres lacking current provision of stores selling fresh produce)? 26
BUILDINGS OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES Objective Develop buildings and site design that specifically supports increased levels of physical activity through the provision of spaces and facilities that promote incidental physical activity, the design of the building s circulation system that encourages stair use, provision of end of trip facilities, convenient access to public transport options, and natural surveillance of the streetscape building design that maximises natural surveillance and active street frontages. Strategy Evidence Checklist statement Yes No N/A Location and External Design 1 *** Design and orientate buildings to incorporate Crime Prevention Through Design (CPTED) features and promote natural surveillance over the street network 1A Is the site easily accessible by walking and cycling and public transport? 1B Has the building site been designed to prioritise active transport and discourage vehicle access? 1C Are the walking and cycling routes and public transport stops lit and overlooked? 1D Are the entrances to the building accessible, well lit and safe? 1E Has the building been designed to ensure easy access for those with mobility issues including features such as railing, stair height and width, corridor and door width to accommodate wheelchair users, appropriate placement of ramps for accessing different levels, lifts? 1F Has the building been designed with active ground floor uses and/or those that extend onto the street? 27
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 1G Has the design of the building avoided opportunities for concealment and entrapment along paths and in community spaces? 1H Has the building been designed with a transparent frontage and windows oriented towards the street to enable passive surveillance onto the street? 1I Have verandas been installed along the building façade to prove shade and shelter over footpath networks? 1J Are residential buildings orientated to front the street network? 1K Do the residential buildings located close to the street network encourage interaction between pedestrians on the sidewalk and occupants in the home? 1L Are residential buildings designed with front porches, visible front windows and low walls or landscaped borders to ensure eye to eye contact (from residents to path users)? Internal Building Design 2 *** Provide spaces and facilities within the building that support physical activity. 2A 2B 2C 2D Does the building provide spaces, such as dedicated exercise rooms or gymnasiums, for physical activity or exercise opportunities (e.g., exercise classes)? Are there shower, lockers and changing room facilities? Are secured, sheltered and accessible bicycle storage facilities provided (preferably on the ground floor)? Are drinking fountains provided throughout the building? 2E Are developers and building managers utilising health promotion campaigns to promote physical activity for the occupants of the building? 3 *** Building programming that encourages activity by locating commonly used building facilities and amenities to encourage brief bouts of travel. 3A Are the toilets, lunchrooms or cafeterias, photocopy rooms, mailrooms and meeting rooms located and distributed within a walking distance from work spaces? 4 *** Encourage stair use by providing attractive, accessible and visible signed stairwells within close proximity to the building entrance. 4A Has the building been designed to provide stairs that are: 28
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 4B Visible from the main entrance? Located near the building entrance? Accessible/encountered before the elevator/escalator? Has the building design taken into consideration stairwell accessibility? 4C Are the stairs wide enough to accommodate groups of people travelling in both directions? 4D Are the stairs designed to be safe to reduce the risk of falls (e.g., slip-resistant floor finishes)? 43 Is the stair well well-lit and attractively decorated (e.g., incorporate artwork and/or add music)? 4F Is directional signage provided and visible from the entrance(s) to indicate the location of the stairs? 5 *** Reduce the emphasis on the buildings elevators or escalators to encourage stair use. 5A 5B 5C 5D Are the elevators located out of direct view from the buildings entrance(s)? Are they secondary to stairs in terms of movement circulation within the building? Are point-of-decision prompts / signage provided at elevators and escalators to encourage stair use? Has the elevator/escalator speed been slowed to make adjacent stairs a more appealing (e.g. quicker) option? Do the elevators have lockout of dedicated floors to encourage walking? 5E Have existing centre car parks in close proximity to schools been identified for farmers markets (particularly in centres lacking current provision of stores selling fresh produce)? Sport and Recreation Facilities 6 * Design sport and recreation facilities to be practical, flexible, adaptable, multi-functional, energy efficient, and low maintenance. 6A Has the design of sport and recreation facilities incorporated end of trip facilities such as showers, changing rooms, lockers, drinking fountains, and bike storage? 29
Strategy Evidence Checklist Statement Yes No N/A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 6G Is the facility easily accessible by walking, cycling and public transport routes? Has the building site been designed to prioritise active transport and discourage vehicle access? Are the walking and cycling routes and public transport stops lit and overlooked? Are the entrances to the building accessible well lit and safe? Has the building been designed to ensure easy access for those with mobility issues by including features such as railing, stair height and width, corridor and door width to accommodate wheelchair users, appropriate placement of ramps for accessing different levels, lifts? Does the facility include community gathering spaces and places? 6H 6I Is the internal design of the facility flexible to allow for multiple uses? Has the facility been designed to meet the recreational needs of the local community? 30