Fire Safety Concept Hotel Jumeirah Dr.-Ing. Christoph Klinzmann hhpberlin Ingenieure für Brandschutz Department performance-based methods Office Hamburg
Part 1 Fire safety concept Palais Quartier and Jumeirah hotel Introduction Overview Palais Quartier / Jumeirah Hotel Fire Safety Concept of Jumeirah Hotel
hhpberlin Fire safety engineers Consultancy for fire safety concepts, mainly for special buildings like Airports, Shopping-Centers, Industry ( ), founded in 2000 New Berlin Airport, parts of Frankfurt Airport Bundeskanzleramt Berlin Berlin central railway station Allianz Arena, Munich Headquarters in Berlin, offices in Munich, Hamburg, Frankfurt, and Braunschweig Team of 100 people German and international projects Bundeskanzleramt, Berlin Allianz Arena, München
Palais Quartier The Palais Quartier in Frankfurt consists of four parts: Jumeirah Hotel Palais Thurn und Taxis Shopping centre My Zeil Office building NexTower Buildings connected via underground car-park
Overview Height: approx. 100 m Rectangular foot-print Width: 18 m Length: 41 to 49 m Five floors below ground level (technical facilities, storage, back of house area) Six semi-basements, 18 guestroom-levels Rooms for HVAC system in two rooftop levels
Impressions and floor plans Ground floor: Reception with Lounge and Café (belongs to My Zeil ) 1st floor: Restaurant with open kitchen Bar (Ground floor) Café (Ground floor) Restaurant (1. floor)
Impressions and floor plans Bar Café Ground floor
Impressions and floor plans 2. Floor: Administration offices 3. Floor: Conference rooms (different sizes) Ballroom Hotel kitchen 4. Floor: Spa area Exit to roof terrace (open to public from hotel, shopping center My Zeil and Nextower )
Impressions and Configuration 5. Floor and 26./27. Floor: Rooms for technical facilities (HVAC, etc.) 6. Floor to 24.Floor: Hotel rooms
Classification according to building regulations The building is classified as special building ( Sonderbau ) according to german building regulations During the planning process a new draft regulation for highrise buildings ( new MHHR ) was introduced and applied According to these regulations (new MHHR) and due to its height > 60 m the hotel is classified as an high high-rise building (special and higher requirements) Building regulations for accommodation buildings in Hessen Muster-Beherbergungsstättenverordnung (Edition 2000). Regulation for places of public assembly has been used Muster-Versammlungsstättenverordnung (Edition 2005)
temperature [ C] Fire safety design in Germany Required fire resistance Fire resistance rating depending on height of heighest occupied room over ground level R 30 for buildings h <= 8 m R 60 for buildings h <= 13 m R 90 for buildings h > 13 m and special buildings R 120 for high-rise buildings h > 60 m 1200 Natural fires 1000 ISO 834 standard fire 800 600 400 200 0 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 time [min]
Load-bearing and reinforcing components Load-bearing and reinforcing components in high-rise buildings have to be fire-resistant for 120 minutes of ISO-fire: Ceilings, columns, walls Partition walls of staircases and Partition walls of fire lift Additionally, Lobby/Anterooms of staircases and fire lifts had to be fire-resistant for 90 min of ISO-fire (regulation according to old HHR and early draft new MHHR now as well fire-resistant for 120 minutes)
Load-bearing and reinforcing components
Prevention of horizontal fire spread The basic building codes in Germany ( Bauordnung ) require the prevention of fire spread to neighboring buildings a 5 m distance to neighboring buildings (e.g. Telekom building) is required otherwise (e.g. MyZeil) outer fire walls and/or walls with a fire-resistance of 90 minutes had to be used on the outside of the building In the 4th floor, two areas without any fire load were planned to avoid an outer fire wall Shopping centre My Zeil Terrace of hotel
Outer Fire walls 2nd floor
Outer Fire walls and fire load free zones 4th floor
Partition walls 1.6 Partition walls According to the MHHR partition walls between occupied units and corridors (escape routes) shall be fire-retardant (30 min resistance to iso-curve), Doors to hotel rooms must be fire-retardant, smokeresistant and self-closing doors for 30 minutes These doors are not approved by authorities to be built in walls with a fire resistance of 30 minutes The walls of the corridors (escape routes) on the guestroom-level were built with dry motarless construction (studwork) with a fire resistance for 90 minutes, the doors could be built in these walls
Partition walls Floors with hotel rooms (e.g. 8 floor)
Building materials Outside façade According to new MHHR only noncombustible building materials were used Glazings from ceiling to floor level and with double skin façades are feasible for vertical fire spread Fire tests were carried out for the facade It could be shown that the usage of sprinklers can prevent the fire spread
Building materials Inside the building Building materials allowed for escape routes are limited MHHR requires non-combustible panels (on wall and ceiling) in stair cases and lobbies, flame-retardant materials in corridors Versammlungsstättenverordnung (=rules for assembly buildings) requires flame-retardant materials in conference and ball rooms 1. floor
Active fire protection measures Designed according to new MHHR: Comprehensive usage of sprinklers (rooms and façade) and fire hose stations Comprehensive usage of automatic fire detection and alarm system plus manual fire alarm devices Automatic fire alarm system via speakers and partially alarm horns (hotel rooms)
Active fire protection measures Fire hose station Type F In escape corridors In access area of staircases Type F (for use of fire brigade with C-hose, 200 l/min, 5 Pa) Enables first attack of fire-fighters and users Emergency power supply For sprinkler, fire detection and alarm system, lifts, smoke exhaust ventilation system, emergency lighting, intercom Emergency lighting On evacuation routes
Alarm concept Evacuation / Electroacoustic Alarm Only the floor concerned will be automatically alarmed (possible due to 120 min fire resistance of ceilings and load bearing structure and because of sprinkler in all areas) Firefighters decide about additional alarm of further floors Floors below ground level: Automatic alarm releases warning signal in back of house area and plant room Plus warning to facility management Public areas (Ground floor-4th floor): Automatic alarm triggers warning signal in back of house area and plant rooms 2nd alarm will trigger announcement for front of house
Alarm concept Floors with guest rooms When 2nd alarm is triggered the entire floor with guest-rooms will be alarmed by warning announcement Staff and fire brigade is already informed by the first warning signal and will support the evacuation
Rescue concept Only Staircases as primary and secondary escape routes In high-rise buildings >60 m all staircases and lobbies need to be protected with pressure aeration systems According to MHHR smoke spread to internal staircases and lobbies will be avoided by overpressure air speed at least 2,0 m/s at doors implemented in Jumeirah hotel for both internal staircases 2.0 m/s
Fire fighting operations The fire brigade accesses the floors via fire lifts with protected lobbies (pressure aeration systems) 30 times air change implemented even with closed doors Doors to escape corridors are fire-retardant, smokeresistant and self-closing Access for fire brigade ensured with key deposit box (despite 24h hotel service) Fire fighting operations are managed via the fire alarm control panel on ground floor
Inspections during and after constructions The building is inspected during the construction phase for conformity with the fire safety concept by consultant (1x per month 1x per week), mainly dry construction and installations (e.g. bulkheads, fire dampers) Check of installation-technology fire protection by approved experts according to technical guidelines: ventilation systems, smoke and heat exhaust systems automatic fire extinguishing system automatic fire detection and alarm systems manual fire alarm devices emergency power supply After construction and in a three year interval
End of part 1 Hotel Jumeirah Thank you! Questions?