Measurement Survey Purpose & Survey Method 14/24 JYURI Purpose The purpose of the metering survey is to understand variations over time in electricity consumption of the whole house and major household appliances, such as the refrigerator, air conditioner, TV, water heater, and others and is ongoing from 2016 through 2017. The subject regions are Bangkok, Hanoi, and Phnom Penh. In this paper we introduce results that are available at present, collected from 30 households in Bangkok over 4 months from September to December, 2016. Survey Method The metering survey in Bangkok uses meters and a metering system developed by specialists at Thailand's Chulalongkorn University for 30 households in the city that have one or more wall-mounted air conditioners. 2017 Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc.

Measurement Survey Survey Method (metering system) 15/24 JYURI Classification Gateway Smart meter Smart Plug Multi sensor Method of data collection Measured appliances collect data via the internet distribution board whole house, AC, water heater, lighting, plug load connect to a plug TV, refrigerator, fan, etc temperature & humidity Data for the whole house and for one air conditioner can be collected for all households. For each household a total of 5 points can be metered, so besides the first AC unit and the whole house, 2017 Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc. 3 other appliances, including a second AC unit are metered.

Measurement Survey Survey Method (metering system) 16/24 JYURI The metering system is enable to remote data collection via the internet and allows metering results for each household to be viewed from a dedicated website. 2017 Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc.

17/24 JYUKANKYO RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC. Whole-house electricity use Note: Above is the AC metering results measured in all 30 households with 46 units in total in Bangkok 17

Electricity Use (Wh/h) Electricity Use (Wh/h) Electricity Use (Wh/h) 1,000 500 0 400 200 0 400 200 0 Average Daily Consumption Patterns During the Measurement Period for the 3 Types of Households 18/24 Note: 13 times greater at night High Consumption Households:5.2 kwh/unit/day sleep:3.0 kwh commute&work&return home:0.4 kwh wake up&breakfast Note: 3 times greater at night Note: 4 times greaterat night Typical Consumption Households:2.8 kwh/unit/day Low Consumption Households:1.0 kwh/unit/day relax&sleep:1.8 kwh JYUKANKYO RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC. sleep:1.0 kwh commute&work&return home:0.7 kwh relax&sleep:1.1 kwh sleep:0.4 kwh commute&work&return home:0.2 kwh relax&sleep:0.4 kwh Note: These results are abstracted and totaled from only those households (with 1 metered unit and 2 metered units) for which all AC units could be metered. The colored lines represents different AC unit 18

Electricity Use (Wh/h)) 600 Differences in AC Usage Patterns between Weekdays & Weekends for High & Low Consumption Households Most Energy-intensive User (weekday) 19/24 Low Energy-intensive User (weekday) High Consumption Households (weekends) Low Consumption Households (weekends) 300 0 JYUKANKYO RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC.

Measurement Survey Usage Patterns of Other Major Appliances 20/24 JYURI 100 50 0 Refrigerators(n=11) Ave.:1529(Wh/day) 40 20 0 Flat TV sets(n=5) Ave.:304(Wh/day) 40 20 Electricity Use (Wh/h) 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 Electricity Use (Wh/h) 0 Electricity water heaters(n=21)ave.:230(wh/day) Water Pumps(n=3)Ave.:115(Wh/day) JP:1279 (Wh/day) JP:777(Wh/day) JP:n/a 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 Electriity Use (Wh/h) 40 20 0 Fan(n=5) Ave.:366(Wh/day) 6 3 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 Electricity Use (Wh/h) 0 Washing Machines(n=7) Ave.:34(Wh/day) 6 3 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 Electricity Use (Wh/h) 0 Microwave Ovens(n=3) Ave.:29(Wh/day) JP:n/a JP:112(Wh/day) JP:131(Wh/day) 0:00 2:00 4:00 6:00 8:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 Electricity Use (Wh/h) 2017 Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc.

Conclusions 21/24 JYURI Importance of Creating Database Our goals are to construct a common residential and commercial energy consumption database for Southeast Asia by adding existing surveys of household energy use, population, economic and meteorological statistics to our survey results, to build a open platform database that can be accessed freely. Importance of Improving Energy-efficiency Jointly with specialists in Japan and Southeast Asia, to provide climate change policy recommendations corresponding to stage of economic development. Air conditioners with inverter technology: It can help in significant savings in electricity bills and can improve indoor environment to create a more comfortable environment that people needed. Vacuum-panel-insulated refrigerator: After the room air-conditioners, refrigerators have the highest per unit electricity consumption, and comparing to the fewer than 300 liter products in Japan, it consumes about 20% more electricity. Implement mandatory energy efficiency standard as well as accelerate the introduction of smart appliances, HEMS, renewable energy. 2017 Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc.

Vietnam Thailand Cambodia BELDA BELDA Home Page (Building Energy structure and Lifestyle Database of Asia) 22/24 JYURI Japanese ver. English Ver. 2017 Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc.

International Symposium 23/24 Symposium Symposium for Development of the Platform on Energy Demand Structure and Forecasts in Asian Residential and Commercial Sector 1 st Symposium:26 th Jan. 2016, 2 nd Symposium:23 rd Jan. 2017, 3 rd Symposium:24 th Jan. 2018 Venue:Waseda University, Nishiwaseda Campus, Tokyo Registration Fee:free Attendees:Chulalongkorn University, Thammasat University, Thailand Hanoi Architectural University, Vietnam Institute of Technology of Cambodia (ITC), Cambodia Tohoku University, National Institute for Environmental Studies Yokohama University, Yamaguchi University, The University of Kitakyushu, Tokyo University JYURI 2017 Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc.

24/24 JYURI Thank you! Contact genki@jyuri.co.jp JYUKANKYO RESEARCH INSTITUTE INC. / Est. 1973 http://www.jyuri.co.jp/ Investigation of Household Energy Consumption Consultation on Energy Conservation / Global Warming Countermeasures International Energy Policies/ Trend Surveys Energy Conservation Plans in Asia Survey on Commercial Energy Consumption / ESCO Performance Evaluation of Energy Facilities, Equipment, System 2017 Jyukankyo Research Institute Inc.