of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 14-NFPA 664-2015 [ Global Comment ] Add the following statement to the begining of Chapter 10 and Chapter 11 - The provisions of this Chapter shall be applied retroactively. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 19:06:33 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This statement is being added in response to CNN #3 regarding retroactivity. Chapter 10, Human Elements, and Chapter 11, Housekeeping, are management system elements and should be applied retroactively. During the next revision cycle, as the TC reviews the layout of the document, additional sections may be designated as being retroactive.
of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 15-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 1.1 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] This standard shall establish provides the minimum requirements for fire and explosion prevention and protection of industrial, commercial, or institutional facilities that process wood or manufacture wood products, using wood or other cellulosic fiber as a substitute for or additive to wood fiber, and that process wood, creating wood chips, particles, or dust. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 19:27:15 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The 664 TC modified the scope statement in response to CCN # 14. This note called for consistency between the terminology of the scope statements between the dust documents.
of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 23-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 1.1.1 ] 1.1.1 Woodworking and wood processing facilities shall include, but are not limited to, wood flour plants, industrial woodworking plants, furniture plants, plywood plants, composite board plants, lumber mills, and production-type woodworking shops, and carpentry shops. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Wed Jul 15 09:58:19 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The committee made this revision to clarify the changes it had made in the first draft (FR-1). Carpentry shops are considered woodworking and wood processing facilities and are meant to be covered under under this standard.
Second Revision No. 12-NFPA 664-2015 [ New Section after 1.3 ] 1.4 Conflicts. 1.4.1 This standard shall be used to supplement the requirements established by NFPA 652. 1.4.2 Where a requirement specified in this industry-specific standard differs from a requirement specified in NFPA 652, the requirement in this standard shall be permitted to be used instead. 1.4.3 Where a requirement specified in this standard specifically prohibits a requirement specified in NFPA 652, the prohibition in this standard shall be permitted. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 18:46:20 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This material was added in response to CCN #13 AND CCN #17. This material on conflicts clarifies the relationship between 652 and 664. of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 16-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 1.4.4 ] 1.5.4* When a facility or process is modified to the extent that it changes the existing design, this standard shall apply. renovating existing facilities,equipment, or processes, provisions of this standard shall apply to that portion of the facility, equipment, or process. Supplemental Information File Name Annex_Material_for_SR-16.docx Description Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Wed Jul 15 04:14:25 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This revision is made in response to CCN #7 regarding FR-2. This section concerns retroactivity of the entire standard, not when the requirements for performing a dust hazards analysis are triggered. The committee added proposed language from NFPA 61 on retroactivity to address the concerns about making it clear when the provisions of the standard are retroactive. When a change is made to a part of a existing facility, equipment, or process, the provisions of the standard are to be applied to that portion of the facility, equipment, or process. Material from the committee statement for FR-2 was added to the annex of this SR.
Annex Material for SR-16 A.1.4.4 The retroactivity of the standard is triggered when a change is made that changes the existing design of the process. This is basically anything other than a "replacement in kind".
Second Revision No. 4-NFPA 664-2015 [ Chapter 2 ] Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 2.1 General. The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this standard and shall be considered part of the requirements of this document. of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM 2.2 NFPA Publications.
of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471. NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2013 edition. NFPA 11, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, 2016 edition. NFPA 12, Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, 2015 edition. NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2016 edition. NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, 2016 edition. NFPA 15, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, 2017 edition. NFPA 17, Standard for Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems, 2013 2017 edition. NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection, 2016 edition. NFPA 22, Standard for Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection, 2013 edition. NFPA 24, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances, 2016 edition. NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, 2014 2017 edition. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 31, Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment, 2016 edition. NFPA 33, Standard for Spray Application Using Flammable or Combustible Materials, 2016 edition. NFPA 34, Standard for Dipping, Coating, and Printing Processes Using Flammable or Combustible Liquids, 2015 edition. NFPA 51B, Standard for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work, 2014 edition. NFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 68, Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting, 2013 edition. NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems, 2014 edition. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, 2017 edition. NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, 2016 edition. NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Other Opening Protectives, 2016 edition. NFPA 82, Standard on Incinerators and Waste and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment, 2014 edition. NFPA 85, Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 91, Standard for Exhaust Systems for Air Conveying of Vapors, Gases, Mists, and Particulate Solids, 2015 edition. NFPA101, Life Safety Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 221, Standard for High Challenge Fire Walls, Fire Walls, and Fire Barrier Walls, 2015 edition. NFPA 505, Fire Safety Standard for Powered Industrial Trucks Including Type Designations, Areas of Use, Conversions, Maintenance, and Operations, 2013 edition. NFPA 600, Standard on Facility Fire Brigades, 2015 edition. NFPA 652, Standard on the Fundamentals of Combustible Dusts, 2016 edition. NFPA 654, Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids, 2017 edition. NFPA 750, Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, 2015 edition. NFPA 780, Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems, 2017 edition. NFPA 1600, Standard on Disaster/Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs, 2016 edition. NFPA 2001, Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, 2015 edition.
NFPA 2112, Standard on Flame-Resistant Garments for Protection of Industrial Personnel Against Flash Fire, 2017 edition. NFPA 2113, Standard on Selection, Care, Use, and Maintenance of Flame-Resistant Garments for Protection of Industrial Personnel Against Short-Duration Thermal Exposures from Fire, 2015 edition. 2.3 Other Publications. 2.3.1 ASME Publications. American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME Technical Publishing Office, Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. ANSI/ ASME B31.1, Power Piping,2014. ANSI/ ASME B31.3, Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping Process Piping,2014 2012. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,2013 2015. 2.3.2 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. ASTM E1226, Standard Test Method for Explosibility of Dust Clouds,2012A 2012a. ASTM E1591, Standard Guide for Obtaining Data for Deterministic Fire Models,2013. 2.3.3 Other Publications. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003. 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections. NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2016 edition. NFPA 68, Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting, 2013 edition. NFPA 652, Standard on the Fundamentals of Combustible Dust, 2016 edition. NFPA 654, Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids, 2013 2017 edition. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 15:58:31 EDT 2015 : Updated ASME organization name, standard names, and editions. Response Message: Public Comment No. 2-NFPA 664-2015 [Chapter 2] of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
0 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 9-NFPA 664-2015 [ New Section after 3.3.1 ] 3.3.2* Air-Material Separator (AMS). A device designed to separate the conveying air from the material being conveyed. [ 654, 2017] Supplemental Information File Name Annex_Material_for_SR-9.doc.docx Description Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 18:23:20 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This definition was added in response to CCN #1, calling for consistency in definitions between the dust documents. The definition is extracted from NFPA 654, and the annex material is extracted from NFPA 652.
Annex Material for SR-9 A.3.3.x Air-Material Separator (AMS). Examples include cyclones, bag filter houses, dust collectors, and electrostatic precipitators. [652, 2015]
1 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 10-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 3.3.2 ] 3.3.3 Compartment. A space completely enclosed by walls and a ceiling. Each wall in the compartment is permitted to have openings to an adjoining space if the openings have a minimum lintel depth of 200 mm (8 in.) from the ceiling and the total width of the openings in each wall does not exceed 2.4 m (8 ft). A single opening of 900 mm (36 in.) or less in width without a lintel is permitted when there are no other openings to adjoining spaces. A subdivision of an enclosure. [13, 652, 2016] Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 18:33:41 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This definition was revised in response to CCN #1, which calls for consistency in the definitions across the dust documents.
2 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 25-NFPA 664-2015 [ New Section after 3.3.7 ] 3.3.8 Detachment. Location in a separate building or an outside area removed from other structures to be protected by a distance as required by this standard. [ 652, 2016] Submitter Full Name: SUSAN BERSHAD Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Submittal Date: Fri Jul 24 16:45:31 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: See CCN #11. The correlating committee recommended adding this definition, as the term is used within the standard but is not defined.
3 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 1-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 3.3.10 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] Any device An AMS used to separate the material from the air stream, including but not limited to cyclones, filter media-type (baghouse), and enclosureless units. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 09:46:43 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The term "device" was changed to "air-material separator" in this definition in response to CCN #1, which calls for consistency in definitions between the dust documents.
4 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 11-NFPA 664-2015 [ New Section after 3.3.10.1 ] 3.3.13* Enclosure. A confined or partially confined volume. [ 68, 2013] Supplemental Information File Name Annex_Material_for_SR-11.docx Description Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 18:36:15 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This definition is being added in response to CCN #1, which calls for consistency in the definitions between the dust documents.
A.3.3.x Enclosure. Examples of enclosures include a room, building, vessel, silo, bin, pipe, or duct. [68, 2013]
Second Revision No. 7-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 3.3.10.2 ] 3.3.12.2 Enclosureless Dust Collector. Enclosureless AMS. An air-material separator designed and used to remove dust from the transport air possessing all of the following: (1) the filtration is accomplished by passing dust-laden air through filter media, collecting the dust on the inside of the filter media, and allowing cleaned air to exit to the surrounding area; (2) the filter media are not enclosed or in a container; (3) there is no means to mechanically shake or pressure-pulse the filter media while the fan is on; (4) the filter media are not under positive pressure; and (5) removal of the collected dust is not continuous or mechanical. An AMS designed to separate the conveying air from the material being conveyed where the filter media is not enclosed or in a container. See SR-8 Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 17:46:55 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This definition was revised to be consistent with the definition for enclosureless dust collector in NFPA 652. This is in response to CCN #1 regarding consistency in definitions among the dust documents. The requirements that were previously contained in this definition have been moved to Chapter 8 in SR-8. Note that the TC changed "medium" to "media", hence it is not extracted from 652. 5 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
Second Revision No. 26-NFPA 664-2015 [ New Section after 3.3.20 ] 3.3.24 Segregation. The establishment of a physical barrier between the hazard area and an area to be protected. [ 652, 2016] 3.3.25 Separation. The interposing of distance between the combustible particulate solid process and other operations that are in the same [compartment]. [ 652, 2017] Submitter Full Name: SUSAN BERSHAD Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Submittal Date: Fri Jul 24 16:51:23 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: See CCN #11. The correlating committee recommended adding this definition, as the term is used within the standard but is not defined. 6 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
7 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 17-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 3.3.21 ] 3.3.26* Safe Location. A location that is protected from the effects of a deflagration by either pressure resistant construction or distance. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Wed Jul 15 04:29:55 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The committee is deleting this definition and moving the annex material to section 8.2.2.6.1.2. It agrees with the correlating committee in CCN #8 and the negative comments received on the ballot. This term cannot be defined consistently based on how it is used throughout the standard.
Second Revision No. 22-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 3.3.28 ] 3.3.32 Wood Dust. 3.3.32.1* Deflagrable Wood Dust. Wood particulate that will propagate a flame front, thus presenting a fire or explosion hazard, when suspended in air, or the process-specific oxidizing medium over a range of concentrations, regardless of particle size or shape; wood particulate with a mass median particle size of 5 mm ( 1 20 in.) or smaller 500 μm or smaller, (i.e., material passing through a U.S. no. 35 standard sieve), having a moisture content of less than 25 percent (wet basis). 3.3.32.2 Dry Nondeflagrable Wood Dust. Wood particulate with a mass median particle size greater than 500 microns μm (i.e., material that will not pass through a U.S. no No. 35 Standard Sieve standard sieve ), having a moisture content of less than 25 percent (wet basis). Supplemental Information File Name Annex_Material_for_SR-22.docx Description Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Wed Jul 15 06:19:28 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The committee has gone back to the definition in the 2012 edition of the standard because it believes there is insufficient test data to support the change to 5000 microns that was made in the first draft. There are only a few test data that indicate that particles up to 5000 microns would pose a deflagration hazard. The committee decided not to make this change until such time that more test data is available to support the larger particle size. 8 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
Annex Material for SR-22 A.3.3.28.1 Dusts traditionally have been defined as a material 420 microns or smaller (capable of passing through a U.S. No. 40 standard sieve). More recent data on wood particulates suggests that particulates with a major dimension as large as 5 mm (0.2 in.)could pose a deflagration hazard. Particulate surface area to volume ratio is a key factor in determining the rate of combustion. For consistency with more recent test data and other standards, 500 microns (capable of passing through a U.S. No. 35 standard sieve) is now considered an appropriate size criterion. Particle surface area to volume ratio is a key factor in determining the rate of combustion. Combustible particulate solids with a minimum dimension more than 500 microns generally have a surface to volume ratio that is too small to pose a deflagration hazardflat platelet-shaped particles, flakes, or fibers with lengths that are large compared to their diameter usually do not pass through a 500 micron sieve yet could still pose a deflagration hazard. Many particulates accumulate electrostatic charge in handling, causing them to attract each other, forming agglomerates. Often agglomerates behave as if they were larger particles, yet when they are dispersed they present a significant hazard. Consequently, it can be inferred that any particle that has a major dimension as large as 5 mm (0.2 in)could behave as a deflagrable wood dust if suspended in air.
9 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 21-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 4.4.1 [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] A deflagration hazard shall be determined deemed to exist where the in a building compartment when the average thickness of the layer of accumulated fugitive deflagrable wood dust on upward-facing surfaces exceeds 3.2 mm ( 1 8 in.) over 5 percent of the area or 93 m 2 (1000 ft 2 ), whichever is smaller. Supplemental Information File Name Annex_Material_for_SR-21.docx Description Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Wed Jul 15 05:22:29 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: The area limitation of 1000 square feet or 5% of the floor area was brought from the annex to the body of the standard in the 2012 revision cycle without any technical substantiation that the area limitation is valid. The area limitation language should be returned to the annex where it is advisory but not strictly enforceable. There is no loss history that justifies this area limitation. There is no research that substantiates that the area limitation is correct. The committee agrees with the submitter and is deleting the area limitation. The annex material in PC-7 is being added to this section to provide the historical context for the change along with annex material from the 2007 edition of the document. Response Message: Public Comment No. 6-NFPA 664-2015 [Section No. 4.4.1 [Excluding any Sub-Sections]]
Annex Material for SR-21 A.4.4.1 This standard has used a layer depth criterion of 1/8th inch (3.2 mm) for many years as the criterion for determining where a deflagration hazard exists due to the accumulation of deflagrable wood dust. The loss history in the forest products industries does not include events of building compartment deflagrations (flash fires) when the dust layers are as low as 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) in thickness. The losses have been in facilities where the dust accumulations are far greater. Consequently, the 1/8th inch (3.2 mm) criterion appears to have a substantial margin of safety. In earlier editions of this standard there was advisory text in the annex that recommended that a 1,000 square foot (93 m2) or 5% of the floor area limitation be considered when determining where a building compartment deflagration hazard exists. This recommendation is based upon calculations, not loss history. In the last revision cycle those recommendations were moved to the body of the standard. With this revision the recommendations are being returned to this annex. When a large building compartment is involved 1/8th inch of dust distributed evenly over the entire area can result in a substantial quantity of dust. If that quantity is all ignited a serious deflagration will result. But this conclusion is reliant upon a number of simplifying assumptions in calculations used to support such a prediction. The lack of loss history with dust accumulations at the 1/8th inch (3.2 mm) thickness level suggests that some of those simplifying assumptions might not be valid. To date no research has been done that provides advice on how valid those simplifying assumptions actually are. Since the designation of a building compartment as a deflagration hazard places significant limitations on how processes are operated in such an environment, the technical committee has concluded that there must be a solid technical basis for making the area limitation an enforceable part of the standard. At this time that basis does not exist. A relatively small initial dust explosion will disturb, and suspend in air, dust that has been allowed to accumulate on the flat surfaces of a building or equipment. This dust cloud provides fuel for the secondary explosion, which usually causes the major portion of the damage. Recognizing and reducing dust accumulations is, therefore, a major factor in reducing the hazard in areas where a dust hazard can exist. Prudent operating policies would advise evaluating dust levels whenever a visible dust cloud exists. When dust accumulation are identified, an engineering analysis should be performed to determine whether a deflagration hazard exists. Using a bulk density of 320 kg/m3 (20 lb/ft3) and an assumed concentration of 350 g/m3 (0.35 oz./ft3), it has been calculated that a dust layer that averages 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) thick covering the floor of a building is sufficient to produce a uniform dust cloud of optimum concentration, 3m (10 ft) high, throughout the building. This situation is idealized, and several factors should be considered.
First, the layer will rarely be uniform or cover all surfaces and second, the layer of dust will probably not be completely dispersed by the turbulence of the pressure wave from the initial explosion. However, if only 50 percent of the 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) thick layer is suspended, this material is till sufficient to create an atmosphere with the explosible range of most dusts. Consideration should be given to the proportion of the building volume that could be filled with a combustible dust concentration. The percentage of floor area covered can be used as a measure of the hazard. For example, a 3 m x 3 m (10 ft x 10 ft) room with a 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) layer of dust on the floor is a hazard and should be cleaned. Now consider this same 9.3 m3 (100 ft2) area in a 188 m2 (2015 ft2) building; this is also a moderate hazard. This area represents about 5 percent of a floor are and is about as much coverage as should be allowed in any plant. To gain proper perspective, the overhead beams and ledges should also be considered. Rough calculations show that the available surface of the bar joist is about 5 percent of the floor area. For steel beams, the equivalent surface area can be as high as 10 percent. Based on this information, the following guidelines have been established: (1) Dust layers 3.2 mm (1/8 in.) thick can be sufficient to warrant immediate cleaning of the area. (2) This dust layer is capable of creating a hazardous condition if it exceeds 5 percent of the building area. (3) Dust accumulation on overhead beams and joists contributes significantly to the secondary dust cloud and is approximately equivalent to 5 percent of the floor area. Other surfaces, such as the tops of ducts and large equipment, can also contribute significantly to the dust cloud potential. (4) The 5 percent factor should not be used if the floor area exceeds 1858 m2 (20,000 ft2). In such cases, a 93 m2 (1000 ft2) layer of dust is the upper limit. (5) Due consideration should be given to dust that adheres to walls, since this is easily dislodged. (6) Attention and consideration should also be given to other projections, such as light fixtures, that can provide surfaces for dust accumulation. (7) Dust collection equipment should be monitored to be certain it is operating effectively. For example, dust collectors using bags operate more efficiently between limited pressure drops of 0.75 kpa to 1.24 kpa (3 in. to 5 in.) of water. An excessive decrease or low drop in pressure indicates coating that is insufficient to trap dust. These guidelines will serve to establish a cleaning frequency.
0 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 3-NFPA 664-2015 [ New Section after 4.5.5 ] 4.5.6 The process analysis shall include a dust hazards analysis performed in accordance with Chapter 7 of NFPA 652. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 15:09:06 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This section was added in response to CCN #12, which asked the 664 TC to review the section on Process Analysis and correlate it with the material in NFPA 652. The Process Analysis requirement in 664 has a broader scope than the Dust Hazard Analysis in 652. The TC has added this material to point the user to 652 for Dust Hazard Analysis.
Second Revision No. 24-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 4.8 ] 4.8 Objectives. 4.8.1 Life Safety. 4.8.1.1* The facility, woodworking processes, and human element programs shall be designed, constructed, equipped, and maintained to protect the occupants from the effects of fire, deflagration, and explosion for the time needed to evacuate, relocate, or defend in place occupants who are not intimate with ignition. 4.8.1.2 The structure shall be located, designed, constructed, and maintained to prevent the propagation of fire or deflagration to adjacent properties and to avoid injury to the public at large. 4.8.2 Structural Integrity. The facility shall be designed, constructed, and equipped to maintain its structural integrity in spite of the effects of fire or deflagration for the time necessary to evacuate, relocate, or defend in place occupants who are not intimate with ignition. 4.8.3* Mission Continuity. The facility, woodworking processes and equipment, and human element program shall be designed, constructed, equipped, and maintained to limit damage to levels that ensure the ongoing mission, production, or operating capability of the facility to a degree acceptable to the relevant authority having jurisdiction. 4.8.4* Mitigation of Fire Spread and Explosions. The facility and processes within the facility shall prevent unintentional deflagrations and other ignitions of combustible materials that can cause failure of adjacent compartments, emergency life safety systems, adjacent properties, adjacent storage, or the facility's structural element. 4.8.4.1* The structure shall be designed, constructed, and maintained to prevent deflagrations from causing failure of load-bearing structural members, propagating into adjacent interior compartments, and incapacitating fire protective and emergency life safety systems in adjacent compartments. 4.8.4.2 The structure shall be located, designed, constructed, equipped, and maintained to prevent the propagation of fire or deflagration to or from adjacent storage or structures. 4.8 Objectives. 4.8.1 The design of the facility, processes and equipment shall be based on the goal of providing a reasonable level of safety and property protection by meeting the following objectives: (1) Life safety (2) Structural integrity (3) Mission continuity (4) Mitigation of fire spread and explosions 4.8.1.1 The objectives stated in Section 4.8 shall be interpreted as intended outcomes of this standard and not as prescriptive requirements. 4.8.1.2 The objectives stated in Section 4.8 shall be deemed to be met when, consistent with the goal in 4.8.1 and the provisions in Sections 1.4 and 1.5, the facility, processes and equipment are designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with the prescriptive criteria set forth in this standard, and the management systems set forth in this standard are implemented. 4.8.1.3 Where a performance-based alternative design is used, it shall be documented to meet the same objectives as the prescriptive design it replaces in accordance with Chapter 5. 1 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
4.8.2 Life Safety. The life safety objective shall be deemed to have been met when, consistent with the goal in 4.8.1 and the provisions in Sections 1.4 and 1.5, the occupants not in the immediate proximity of the ignition are protected from the effects of fires, flash-fires, and explosions for the time needed to evacuate, relocate, or take refuge to prevent serious injury. 4.8.3 Structural Integrity The facility shall be designed, constructed, and equipped to maintain its structural integrity despite the effects of fire or deflagration for the time necessary to evacuate, relocate, or defend in-place occupants who are not intimate with ignition. 4.8.4* Mission Continuity. The mission continuity objective shall be deemed to have been met when, consistent with the goal in 4.8.1 and the provisions in Sections 1.4 and 1.5, the protection features for the facility, processes and equipment limit damage to levels that ensure the ongoing mission, production, or operating capability of the facility to a degree acceptable to the owner/operator. 4.8.5* Mitigation of Fire Spread and Explosions. The mitigation of fire spread and explosions shall be deemed to have been met when, consistent with the goal in 4.8.1 and the provisions in Sections 1.4 and 1.5, the prescribed or performance based alternative design features are incorporated into the facility and processes to prevent or mitigate fires and explosions that can cause failure of adjacent buildings or building compartments, or other enclosures, emergency life safety systems, adjacent properties, adjacent storage, or the facility's structural elements. 4.8.5.1 Where a dust fire, deflagration, or explosion hazard exists within a process system, the hazards shall be managed in accordance with this standard. 4.8.5.2 Where a dust fire, deflagration, or explosion hazard exists with a facility compartment, the effects of the fire, deflagration, or explosion shall be managed in accordance with this standard. Supplemental Information File Name File_for_SR-24.docx Annex_Material_for_SR-24.docx Description Submitter Full Name: SUSAN BERSHAD Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Submittal Date: Fri Jul 24 15:37:54 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: In response to CCN #4, the committee has modified the objectives in Section 4.8 to match those proposed by the correlating committee task group. The only modification the committee made was to retain the structural integrity objective from the current edition. 2 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
4.8 Objectives. 4.8.1 The design of the facility, processes and equipment shall be based upon the goal of providing a reasonable level of safety and property protection by meeting the following objectives: 1.) Life Safety 2.) Structural Integrity 3.) Mission Continuity 4.) Mitigation of Fire Spread and Explosions 4.8.1.1 The objectives stated in Section 4.8 shall be interpreted as intended outcomes of this standard and not as prescriptive requirements. 4.8.1.2 The objectives stated in Section 4.8 shall be deemed to be met when, consistent with the goal in Section 4.8.1 and the provisions in Sections 1.4 and 1.5, 1.) the facility, processes and equipment are designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with the prescriptive criteria set forth in this standard, and 2.) The management systems set forth in this standard are implemented. 4.8.1.3 Where a performance-based alternative design is used, it shall be documented to meet the same objectives as the prescriptive design it replaces, in accordance with Chapter 5 of this standard. 4.8.2 Life Safety. The life safety objective shall be deemed to have been met when, consistent with the goal in Section 4.8.1 and the provisions in Sections 1.4 and 1.5, the occupants not in the immediate proximity of the ignition are protected from the effects of fires, flash-fires, and explosions for the time needed to evacuate, relocate, or take refuge in order to prevent serious injury. 4.8.3 Structural Integrity. The facility shall be designed, constructed, and equipped to maintain its structural integrity in spite of the effects of fire or deflagration for the time necessary to evacuate, relocate, or defend in place occupants who are not intimate with ignition. 4.8.4* Mission Continuity. The mission continuity objective shall be deemed to have been met when, consistent with the goal in Section 4.8.1 and the provisions in Sections 1.4 and 1.5, the protection features for the facility, processes and equipment limit damage to levels that ensure the ongoing mission, production, or operating capability of the facility to a degree acceptable to the owner/operator. 4.8.5* Mitigation of Fire Spread and Explosions.
The mitigation of fire spread and explosions shall be deemed to have been met when, consistent with the goal in Section 4.8.1 and the provisions in Sections 1.4 and 1.5, the prescribed or performance based alternative design features are incorporated into the facility and processes to prevent or mitigate fires and explosions that can cause failure of adjacent buildings or building compartments, or other enclosures, emergency life safety systems, adjacent properties, adjacent storage, or the facility's structural elements. 4.8.6 Where a dust fire, deflagration, or explosion hazard exists within a process system, the hazards shall be managed in accordance with this standard. 4.8.7 Where a dust fire, deflagration, or explosion hazard exists with a facility compartment, the effects of the fire, deflagration, or explosion shall be managed in accordance with this standard.
Annex Material for SR-24 A.4.8.4 Other stakeholders could also have mission continuity goals that will necessitate more stringent objectives as well as more specific and demanding performance criteria. The protection of property beyond maintaining structural integrity long enough to escape is actually a mission continuity objective. The mission continuity objective encompasses the survival of both real property, such as the building, and the production equipment and inventory beyond the extinguishment of the fire. Traditionally, property protection objectives have addressed the impact of the fire on structural elements of a building as well as the equipment and contents inside a building. Mission continuity is concerned with the ability of a structure to perform its intended functions and with how that affects the structure's tenants. It often addresses post-fire smoke contamination, cleanup, and replacement of damaged equipment or raw materials. A.4.8.5 Adjacent compartments share a common enclosure surface (wall, ceiling, floor) with the compartment of fire or explosion origin. The intent is to prevent the collapse of the structure during the fire or explosion.
3 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 19-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 7.3.1 ] 7.3.1* Exterior surfaces of heated process equipment that are or could come in contact with wood shall not exceed a maximum allowable temperature of 180 C 260 C (356 F 500 F ). Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Wed Jul 15 04:52:59 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The committee has gone back to the temperatures in the previous edition text (500 F). This is in response to CCN #10 and the negative comments on the ballot. The research cited in the substantiation for the first revision on the lower ignition temperature was called into question upon review by the committee.
Second Revision No. 18-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. 8.2.2.6.1.2 ] See SR-17 8.2.2.6.1.2* Operator controls for air-material separators associated with pneumatic conveying, dust collection, or centralized vacuum cleaning systems shall be installed in a safe location from the effects of a vented deflagration in the air-material separator. [654:7.13.1.8] Supplemental Information File Name Annex_Material_for_SR-18.docx Description Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Wed Jul 15 04:37:18 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The committee is adding annex material on how to use NFPA 68 to calculate the distance required to achieve a safe location. This material was moved from the definition of a safe location, which is being deleted from the first draft by SR-17. 4 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
Annex Material for SR-18 NFPA 68 provides equations for calculating the distance needed when using distance to achieve a safe location.
5 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 8-NFPA 664-2015 [ New Section after 8.2.2.6.1.3 ] 8.2.2.6.1.4* The requirements in this section allowing the use of enclosureless AMS shall be limited to enclosureless AMS that meet all of the following criteria: (1) The filtration is accomplished by passing dust-laden air through filter media, collecting the dust on the inside of the filter media, and allowing cleaned air to exit to the surrounding area. (2) The filter media are not enclosed or in a container. (3) There is no means to mechanically shake or pressure-pulse the filter media while the fan is on. (4) The filter media are under positive pressure. (5) Removal of the collected dust is not automatic, continuous, or mechanical. Supplemental Information File Name Annex_Material_for_SR-8.docx Description Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 18:01:44 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The requirements that were formerly part of 3.3.10.2, the definition for enclosureless dust collectors, have been moved to this section. The annex material that was associated with this definition has been moved to this section. The reference to Item 5 in the annex has been deleted. The definition of Enclosureless Dust Collector was revised in response to CCN #1, which calls for consistency in definitions between the dust documents.
Annex Material for SR-8 Item (2) is intended to ensure that nothing becomes a projectile and represents a missile hazard in the event of a deflagration within the filter media. Cloth filter bags, unenclosed cartridge-type felt, or paper filter media are acceptable. Additionally, where wire screen is used to provide mechanical support for the filter media, it is not considered a serious missile hazard. However, a cartridge enclosed within a metal container is not acceptable.. Two typical enclosureless dust collectors are shown in Figure A.3.3.10.2. Figure A.3.3.10.2 Two Typical Enclosureless Dust Collectors.
6 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 20-NFPA 664-2015 [ Sections 8.10.5.4, 8.10.5.5 ] 8.10.5.4 Any areas handling storing dry wood particulate shall have Class II, Division 1 electrical equipment. 8.10.5.5 Detached buildings that store only green wood particulate shall be permitted to have electrical equipment suitable for Class I II, Division I; or Class II, Division 2 hazardous areas in accordance with Article 500 of NFPA 70. Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Wed Jul 15 05:11:17 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: The term "handling" was changed to "storage in 8.10.5.4 per CCN No. 9. The electrical classification requirement in 8.10.5.5 was changed to Class II, Div. 1 to correct an error in the first draft.
7 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 5-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. A.8.2.2.3.2(2) ]
8 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM A.8.2.2.3.2(2) Abort gates are most commonly can be used on systems that have the air-moving device located upstream of any dust collection equipment (i.e., positive pressure systems). This arrangement facilitates clearing the ductwork of all burning material by stopping material infeed and leaving the fan running when the abort gate activates. This is the recommended arrangement and operating sequence when this alternative is used. Figure A.8.2.2.3.2(2)(a) shows the normal and aborted airflow conditions. Figure A.8.2.2.3.2(2)(a) Aborting of Positive Pressure Systems. It is possible, but more costly, to use two abort gates to accomplish the same duct-clearing operation on systems that have the air-moving device located downstream from the collector. Figure A.8.2.2.3.2(2)(b) shows how this is done. In situations where the fan is on the clean side and external to the AMS, there is a simple way to arrange an abort gate to divert burning material from the dust collector, which achieves the need to purge the upstream ducts of material. It is imperative that the fan (AMD) remain running and that the fuel source be eliminated to clear the duct. This is shown in Figure A.8.2.2.3.2(2)(b). Figure A.8.2.2.3.2(2)(b) Aborting of Negative Pressure Systems. Diversion of Sparks with a Single Abort Gate Up-Stream of Dust Collector. Negative pressure systems without a bypass to the fan inlet will not clear material from the ductwork once the abort gate activates, and this design is not recommended. In an abort activation, this design requires complete interior inspection and cleaning or flushing of the ducting prior to abort reset and system restart to be sure there are no smoldering embers lying in the duct.
9 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Supplemental Information File Name Annex_figure_addition_1.pptx Description Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 16:50:07 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: The figures in the annex have been misinterpreted by many as being the only means by which the requirements can be met. This additional figure provides a more cost-effective means that is equally effective. In addition to incorporating the public comment, the committee made additional edits to this annex material to clarify the material on abort gates. Response Message: Public Comment No. 5-NFPA 664-2015 [Section No. A.8.2.2.3.2(2)]
Diversion of Sparks with a Single Abort Gate Up-Stream of Dust Collector Normal Operation Diverted (By-Pass) Operation Abort Gate Abort Gate
0 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Second Revision No. 13-NFPA 664-2015 [ Section No. A.8.3 ]
1 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM A.8.3 Refer to FM 7-99, Heat Transfer by Organic and Synthetic Fluids or NFPA 87. As shown in Figure A.8.3, a typical thermal oil heating system includes the following: (1) Thermal oil heater (2) Primary circulation loop and pumps to keep oil flowing through the heater (3) Secondary thermal oil loop(s) to circulate oil through the utilization equipment (4) Expansion tank to hold the increased volume of the oil as it is heated (5) Drain tank to receive oil intentionally drained from the system or expelled through system relief valves, overflow pipes, or vents Figure A.8.3 Typical Thermal Oil Heating System Components. Firing can be by conventional gas or oil burners or by wood dust suspension burners. Large heaters can burn wood waste on a grate, in a fluidized sand bed, or by more complex gasification methods that partially burn and gasify wood waste on a grate using sub-stoichiometric under-fire airflow, and complete the combustion in an upper plenum using secondary air injection. Combustion gases, typically in the 927 C to 1093 C (1700 F to 2000 F) range, then heat the thermal oil via radiant and/or convection air-to-oil heat exchangers. The heat exchanger can be a separate, stand-alone unit or an integral part of the heater. Refractory lining is needed for the burner, heat exchanger, and any interconnecting duct until gas temperatures are reduced to about 427 C (800 F) or less. Conventional water-tube boilers have been adapted to heat thermal oil, with thermal oil replacing the water. Nonvaporizing thermal oil systems are the norm in wood processing or woodworking occupancies and are preferred because they do not pose a significant room explosion hazard. Vaporizing systems are rare and are discouraged because an oil leak can expel boiling oil/vapor into the surrounding space and form an explosive atmosphere. Most nonvaporizing systems in these occupancies have expansion tanks operating at atmospheric pressure, with open vents to equalize pressure in the expansion tank as the oil level changes during operation. Some nonvaporizing systems have oversized expansion tanks that are completely sealed and operate under slight pressure [less than 103.426 kpa (15 psi)] as the heated oil rises in the tank. This arrangement eliminates the possibility of overflowing the expansion tank. The thermal fluids used are special organic or synthetic oils developed for this type of application, with flash points of several hundred degrees Fahrenheit. For maximum thermal efficiency, the oil is usually heated above its flash point, making an oil spill especially hazardous. Also, because of the high oil temperature, it is sometimes necessary to keep the oil circulating through the heat exchanger at all times to prevent oil breakdown and tube fouling, especially with wood waste fired heaters. Diesel-driven pumps or emergency generators are usually provided for this purpose in case of a power outage, with an emergency bypass cooling loop to extract heat from the oil when normal utilization equipment would also be inoperable. This continuous oil pumping can increase damage if an oil leak and fire involving the primary heating loop occurs, and special controls and interlocks are needed. Thermal oil heating systems are used to heat equipment such as lumber dry kilns, plywood veneer dryers, plywood and composite board presses, and wood particulate and fiber dryers, and even for building heat.
2 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM Submitter Full Name: Susan Bershad Organization: [ Not Specified ] Submittal Date: Tue Jul 14 18:59:19 EDT 2015 Committee Statement: Response Message: This adds a reference to NFPA 87 in response to CCN #16. This points the user in the direction of NFPA 87 for guidance on heat transfer systems.
Second Revision No. 6-NFPA 664-2015 [ Chapter F ] Annex F Informational References F.1 Referenced Publications. The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced within the informational sections of this standard and are not part of the requirements of this document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for other reasons. 3 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM
F.1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471. NFPA 1, Fire Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2013 edition. NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2016 edition. NFPA 15, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, 2012 2017 edition. NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection, 2013 2016 edition. NFPA 24, Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and Their Appurtenances, 2013 2016 edition. NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, 2014 2017 edition. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 51B, Standard for Fire Prevention During Welding, Cutting, and Other Hot Work, 2014 edition. NFPA 55, Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code, 2013 2016 edition. NFPA 68, Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting, 2013 edition. NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems, 2014 edition. NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, 2014 2017 edition. NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace, 2015 edition. NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, 2013 2016 edition. NFPA 77, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity, 2014 edition. NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Other Opening Protectives, 2013 edition. NFPA 80A, Recommended Practice for Protection of Buildings from Exterior Fire Exposures, 2012 2017 edition. NFPA 85, Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 101, Life Safety Code, 2015 edition. NFPA 499, Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas, 2013 2017 edition. NFPA 600, Standard on Facility Fire Brigades, 2015 edition. NFPA 652, Standard on the Fundamentals of Combustible Dusts, 2016 edition. NFPA 654, Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids, 2013 2017 edition. NFPA 2112, Standard on Flame-Resistant Garments for Protection of Industrial Personnel Against Flash Fire, 2017 edition Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials,2010. Fire Protection Handbook, 20th edition, 2008. Frank, T. 1981. Fire and Explosion Control in Bag Filter Dust Collection Systems. Fire Journal, March, 73 94. F.1.2 Other Publications. F.1.2.1 ACGIH Publications. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1330 Kemper Meadow Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45240-1634. Industrial Ventilation A Manual of Recommended Practice, 28th edition, 2013. 4 of 36 8/25/2015 10:39 AM