New Town Project of Seoul

New Town Project of Seoul May 2006 Seoul Metropolitan Government (New Town Development Bureau)

CONTENTS 1 Background of New Town Development Project 2 Concept and Features of the project 3 Project Plans 4 Special Act for Urban Renewal Facilitation 5 New Town Project in Eunpyong

1 Background Seoul, the capital of the Republic of Korea seoul 01

1 Background Seoul Capital of the Chosun Dynasty - 600 years old capital dating back to the beginning of the Chosun dtnasty in 1394 - Originally a walled city situated north of Han river 1960~1970 : Rapid Urbanization and Urban Growth - Rapid urbaniztion resulted in population concentration in Seoul - Launched development of southern part of the city (south of Han river) in 1968 - Cheonggyecheon Stream in the CBD was covered with concrete 1980~mid 1990 : Urban Expansion and Sprwal - Hosted Asian Game in 1986, the Olympic Game in 1988 - Completion of development of southern part and beginning of urban sprawl Mid 1990~2003 : Imbalance between regions - Northern part of Seoul is underdeveloped compared to southern part Need for a new policy agenda setting Changes in administrative districts of Seoul 02

1 Background Gangbuk, the old center of the city In the past Gangbuk(northern part of Seoul) was the center (CBD) of Seoul 03

1 Background Development of Gangnam In 1970s Gangnam(southern part of Seoul) was developed 04

1 Background Development of Gangnam The government implemented policies to facilitate Gangnam development Restriction of Gangbuk Development - Banned specific facilities in Gangbuk - Strengthened land use and building regulations - Facilities causing population concentration ( educational institutions, public institutions etc.) were relocated into Gangnam Incentives for Gangnam Development - Offered tax relief for real estate development, while imposing tax on vacant land - Encouraged construction of medium to large-sized buildings in strategic locations - Zoned certain areas exclusively for multi-family housing complex - Invested intensively in infrastructure 05

1 Background Gangbuk marginalized in development Shortened public investment, dependence on private sector for development Insufficient urban infrastructure (roads, parks), deterioration of living condition 06

1 Background Current Status of Seoul Non- Gangnam Region Land Area : 605.41km2 Administrative districts : 25 autonomous districts Population : 3,624,000 households 10,281,000 people Land Area : 484.95km2 Administrative districts : 22 autonomous districts Population : 3,060,000 households 8,727,000 people City Hall 한 강 Gangnam Region Land Area : 120.46km2 Administrative districts : 3 autonomous districts Population : 564,000 households 1,554,000 people 07

1 Background Comparison of living quality among districts stark contrast Housing Condition(Aged housing) Ratio of housing older than 30 years - Average : 4.5% - Max : 23.4% (Jongno) - Min : 0.1 % (Gangnam) Housing prices Price of apartment(condominium) unit - Average : 7.217m Won/3.3m2 - Max : 14.58m Won (Gangnam) - Min : 4.74m Won (Geumcheon) Residents Educational background Ratio of Residents with college education and above - Average : 23.4% - Max : 40.0% (Seocho) - Min: 15.0% (Geumcheon)` Local Public Finance Financial independence index - Average : 62.4 - Max : 197.4 (Gangnam) - Min : 32.4 (Gangbuk) 08

1 Background Reasons of interregional imbalance Old downtown(gangbuk) Underdeveloped Poor urban infrastructure Financial deficit (lagged Investment) Less competitive for further development Decentralization of population Planning/Development Dependence on property tax Undeveloped land New downtown(gangnam) Development launched in 1970s High quality infrastructure Financially independent (continuous Investment) Sufficient Momentum/ Potential for development A mixture of reasons originating from policies, institutional system, and investment 09

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project What s New Town Project? New Town In Town Not a mere redevelopment or reconstruction of old buildings, but a comprehensive renewal of built-up area (downtown and residential area) Building a community bringing people from all walks of life together Encouraging private sector to take on phased and consecutive development by block after setting up masterplan and guidelines in order to prevent disorderly development Creating high quality living environment focusing on education, culture and welfare 10

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project Principles of development plan Environment friendliness and sustainability - Reflecting local conditions and characteristics - Ensuring consistency with upper level plans and relevant plans Advanced planning for large-scale area by public sector, followed by phased development by private sector - Urban design faithful to principles Creating multi-cores of urban activities, while giving design priority to pedestrian, bicycle and public transport - Minimizing traffic generating factors - Encouraging Mixed-used development - Ensuring concurrency between land use and inftrastructure Creating inclusionary living environment for low-income households - Diversifying public housing - Ensuring resettlement of existing residents after redevelopment 11

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project Types of New Town Project Residential Area type Targeting residential areas packed with old housing that need improvement of living environment and basic infrastructure Urban Core type Targeting commercial or industrial areas around subway stations or along main roads to enhance efficiency of land use and rejuvenate urban functions 12

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project Features of the Project Current state New Town Project Planning Standard Development Initiator Role of public sector Development Unit Minimun requirement Private sector Issuing necessary permissions and approvals Dispersed plots determined by profitability Comprehensive provision of infrastrucure Publi-Private Partnership Actively involved Community (Sub District) Development Method Housing redevelopment/ reconstruction method Adopting diverse methods 13

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project Process of New Town Project Designation of target sub districts Preparing proposal for application Notice to district residents Finalization of development plan Appointing Master Planner Drawing up development plan Notice to target sub district residents Consulting with district council Submitting application to city government Screening and review and by city planning committee Notice of the final result (city government) Consultation with district planning committee Consultation with relevant organizations Consulting with district council Public hearing (target district) Request for approval of development plan (District City government) Consultation with relevant organizations Review by joint city committee of planning and architecture` Final Notice (City government) Consultation with district planning committee Project approval 14

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project Decision-making system - Decision-making process of New Town project Relevant departments of city government consultation Working level support team consultation MP(Master Planner) -Executive MP(1) - Advisory MP(2) Advise on specialized areas Review of plans Committee for balanced regional development (Urban renewal committee) Practical comments Opinion exchange Engineers (Impact analyse etc.) consultation Engineers Land use and development plan consultation Architects (Master Plan) 15

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project Features of New Town project The public takes the lead in establishing community development plans and designating target areas - With financial support for setting up project plans and providing infrastructure Accumulated financial support : 238.2b Won (= US$ XXX ) - 2003 : 26.8b Won - 2004 : 67.4b Won - 2005 : 130.5b Won - 2006 : 13.5b Won Additional support will be offered as detailed project plans are available 16

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project Features of New Town project Improving quality of development plan by appointing relevant specialists as Master Planner Commissioning design work to private sector to improve design quality Minimizing dismantlement of old neighborhoods by adopting gradual and phased development scheme Strengthening public support system for the projects of public interest Task forces for New Town project are set up in both city and district governments and Project Support Centers in sub-district to provide technical advices and conciliate various conflict of interests. 17

2 Concepts and Features of New Town Project New Town Project Task Force New Town Development Bureau: 1 headquarters, 2 departments, 5 divisions 82 staffs Overall coordination of projects, sub-district designation, administrative/budget support, planning support and decision making 21 of 25 districts set up task forces and support centers Plan-making, conflict management, technical advices 102 Master Planners (34 Executive MPs, 68 Advisory MPs) General management of plan-making process, technical advices, control of contractors, concilation of interests Committee for balanced regional development : 25 members (municipal officials, city councilors and specialists) Revew and advice of development and project plans, technical advices, project area selection 18

3 Project Plans Project areas New Town Project Pilot scheme : 3 areas, 4,782,448 m2 (23 Oct. 02) - Eunpyong (3,495,248 m2 ), Gilem (950,000 m2 ), Wangsimni (337,200 m2 ) 2nd phase : 12 areas, 8,069,117 m2 (18 Nov. 03) 3rd phase : 11 areas, 10,318,829 m2 (15 Dec. 05) Location of New Town areas Location of 3rd New Town 19

3 Project Plans Expected impacts of New Town in Gangbuk Housing-to -houehold ratio(%) Gangbuk 2002 97.3 2012 103.6 (+6.3) Housing older than 30 years(%) Gangbuk 2002 5.2 2012 5.7 (+0.5) Southeast Seoul 104.5 107.3 (+2.8) Southeast Seoul 0.4 6.5 (+6.1) Road rate(%) Gangbuk 2002 20.6 2012 23.9 (+3.3) Per capita park space ( m2 /person) Gangbuk 2002 4.6 2012 6.1 (+1.5) Southeast Seoul 21.7 23.6 (+1.9) Southeast Seoul 5.8 6.3 (+0.5) 20

4 Special Act for Urban Renewal Facilitation Background - Complex legal system and administrative processes have prolonged project implementation - Diverse measures are needed to be systemized for project incentives and quality control - Flexible development methods are needed to be adopted to reflect housing market conditions Legislation Process - Special Act enacted : 05. 12. 30 - Task force for implementation launched : 06. 1. 13 - Proposal for Enforcement Decree submitted : 06. 2. 15 - Municipal Ordinance enacted : 06. 6. - Special Act effectively implemented : 06. 7. 21

4 Special Act for Urban Renewal Facilitation Special Act for Urban Renewal Facilitation Target areas: residential areas(500,000 m2 ), urban cores (200,000 m2 ) Providing national, municipal or provincial budget support to cover whole or partial costs of infrastructure investment Deregulating conditions for target area designation, floor area and building coverage ratios, requirements for school, parking space, small-sized housing units etc. Simplyfing Administrative Processes by allowing legal mandate and fiction Introducing private finance initiatives for building core facilities e.g. cultural/welfare facilities built on plots prepared for infrastructure provision 22

4 Special Act for Urban Renewal Facilitation Special Act for Urban Renewal Facilitation Appointing General Project Manager for development management Appointing Master Planner to support plan-making and implementation Preparing measures to recapture capital gains of project Offering preferential treatment to induce private schools by exempting from local taxes and development charge and allowing special account in the case of lease/sale of municipal land Preparing anti-speculation measures by regulating land transactions and building permission with target area designation 23

5 Eunpyong New Town Eunpyong New Town Project 24

5 Eunpyong New Town Location & Site 고양시덕양구 은평구 site - 10km from downtown Gateway to northwest Seoul ( Surrounded by Bukhan mountain ) - Residents : 8,721households 25,100 people` ( No. of houses: 4,691 No. of tenants: 4,030 )` 2.5km 5.0km 7.5km 25

5 Eunpyong New Town Project outline Land Area : 3,495,248m2 Project Period : Oct 2002 ~ Dec 2008 Planned Population : 15,200 households, 42,560 people Housing by types : 365 detached houses (single-family housing), 14,835 apartment units (multi-family housing) - rental units : 4,783 Housing by size (A total of 14,835 units) (1pyeong=3.3m2) - Less than 27pyeong (Net area: 18pyeong) : 3,530 units - 34 pyeong(25.7) : 6,153 units - 41 (32) ~ 65( 54) pyeong : 5,152 units 26

5 Eunpyong New Town Project objectives Resort style, eco-friendly city - Country garden-type houses in downtown - Harmonizing with nature by creating green networks and water front Futuristic community - Providing various types of housing to encourage social mix - Creating futuristic housing types of flexiblity Improving qualty of living environment - Adopting housing types that reflect life style of the 21 century - Offering state-of-the-art ICT services 27

5 Eunpyong New Town Land Use Plan District 3-1 District 1 District 2 District 3-2 Total area : 3,495.000 m2 Residential use : 1,553,000 m2 (44.5%) Commercial use Public use : 95,000 m2 (2.75%) : 1,847,000 m2 (52.8%) 29

5 Eunpyong New Town Planning Concept for District 1 Moonseong Yetgol town A town where the top of the Bukhan Mt. could be overlooked Town with residential roads Patio houses Resort style town Country houses In downtown Jingwan valley Incorporating ordinary life and leisure 30

General view 31

Patio houses 32

Linear park 33

Motjari-gol (pond village) 34

Night view (from Changneung Stream) 35

Thank you!

3 Project Plans Areas for 3 rd Phase Project Area 1,000 m2 4 1 Changshin 845 2 Emum 1001 3 3 Jangwi 1,851 5 6 1 2 3rd Phase 4 Sanggye 643 5 Susaek 877 6 Bukahyun 821 7 8 9 10 11 7 Siheung 634 8 Shingil 1,469 9 Heuksuk 898 10 Shinrim 537 11 Gyoyeo 738 Go to the previous page 19-2

1. Background Changes in administrative districts of Seoul 1394~1914 1914~1963 1973 1995 Go to the previous page 25 autonomous districts, 605.41 km2 2-1

3 Project Plans Areas for pilot scheme/ 2 nd phase new town project Area 1,000 m2 1 5 Pilot scheme 1 Eunpyong 3,495 2 Gilem 950 3 Wangsimni 337 1 Gyonam 200 2 4 2 Hannam 1,095 9 6 1 3 3 3 Jeonnong 903 4 Joonghwa 510 7 5 Mia 606 8 11 10 2 12 2nd phase 6 gajwa 1,073 7 Ahyun 1,088 8 Sinjung 700 9 Banghwa 490 10 Noryangjin 762 11 youngdengpo 12 Cheonho 226 412 Go to the previous page 19-1