Reducing the Storm Water Footprint of GVSU through BMP s Association of State Floodplain Managers Grand Rapids, MI June 22, 2016 Dr. Peter J. Wampler 1
Talk Road Map Brief Geomorphic History of the Grand River and Grand River Ravines Historic storm water and Land Use practices at GVSU Storm water runoff monitoring and research Best Management Practices at GVSU The future of BMP s and storm water at GVSU 2
The Grand River and Grand River Valley Churches and Wampler (2013) 3
Churches and Wampler (2013) ~ 15,000 years ago ~ 14,000 years ago ~ 13,000 years ago The Grand River Ravines are unique Womble and Wampler (2006) 4
Runoff direction toward ravines Drainage divide bisects campus. Historically water was directed east into the ravines from parking lots and buildings Drainage Divide
Talk Road Map Brief Geomorphic History of the Grand River and Grand River Ravines Historic storm water and Land Use practices at GVSU Storm water runoff monitoring and research Best Management Practices at GVSU The future of BMP s and storm water at GVSU 6
1958 Aerial Photo of the GVSU site 7
2004 Aerial Photo of the GVSU site 8
2011 Aerial Photo of the GVSU site 9
Changes in Impermeable Surface Area Womble and Wampler (2006) 10
Storm water directed to ravines Original library under construction 11
Drainage pipe into ravine behind Padnos 12
Erosion below one of the drainage pipes 13
Runoff and Erosion Control Video courtesy of Steve Snell, facilities planning 14
2012 flooding in the ravines after a ~ 1 inch rain in 30 min 15
Runoff Impacts Erosion and sediment transport Slope destabilization Biological impacts Thermal impacts Water quality degradation 16
Talk Road Map Brief Geomorphic History of the Grand River and Grand River Ravines Historic storm water and Land Use practices at GVSU Storm water runoff monitoring and research Best Management Practices at GVSU The future of BMP s and storm water at GVSU 17
Storm water monitoring 2006-2014 2006 Runoff modeling and first discharge monitoring (Womble and Wampler 2006) 2007-2008 Thermal impacts of runoff on the water quality in the ravines (Nagorsen et al. 2007) 2009 Baseline biologic and hydrologic data collection (Snyder et al, 2009; Wampler, 2009) 2011 Water quality analysis of ravine runoff (TSS, turbidity, conductivity, ph) and GIS-based watershed analysis to evaluate hydrologic impact of diversion of parking lots to newly constructed ponds. (Simonson et al., 2011) 2012 Evaluation of water quality (nitrate; phosphate, turbidity, TSS) in the storm water pond system and the ravines. (Wampler and Kneeshaw, 2012) 2013 Continued monitoring of water quality in Pond#1 of the pond system and Little Mac Ravine 2014 Water Quality Study in Little Mac and Adjacent Ravines and geomorphic mapping near Little Mac Ravine Research and Monitoring data can be found at www.gvsu.edu/stormwater 18
ISCO Sampler used for ravine Monitoring and sampling Suction Head 19
Sediment samples from 5/23/11 20
Stage (m) Summer 2011 Hydrograph 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 Hydrograph - May 27th, 2011 to August 15th, 2011 1.7 meters 4.31 2.04 A B C D A: Diversion of area A 17.72 acres - 6/13/2011 B: Diverson of area B 9.92 acres - 6/16/2011 C: Diversion of area C 1.31 acres - 6/27/2011 D: Diversion of area D 4.62 acres - 7/8/2011 0.5 0.4 1.12 0.95 0.3 0.44 0.33 0.41 0.2 0.1 0.09 0.33 0.17 0.31 0.18 0.19 0.53 0 5/27/2011 6/6/2011 6/16/2011 6/26/2011 7/6/2011 7/16/2011 7/26/2011 8/5/2011 Date 21
TSS Concentration (mg/l) Stage (m) TSS Concentration in Little Mac Ravine 8000 7000 6000 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 Hydrograph - May 27th, 2011 to August 15th, 2011 4.31 TSS 1.7 Concentration meters per Event 2.04 A B C D A B C D A: Diversion of area A 17.72 acres - 6/13/2011 B: Diverson of area B 9.92 acres - 6/16/2011 C: Diversion of area C 1.31 acres - 6/27/2011 D: Diversion of area D 4.62 acres - 7/8/2011 5000 0.5 1.12 0.95 4000 3000 2000 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.44 0.33 TSS Mean TSS Max 0.09 0.33 0.17 0.31 0.18 0.19 0.41 0.53 1000 0 0 5/27/2011 6/6/2011 6/16/2011 6/26/2011 7/6/2011 7/16/2011 7/26/2011 8/5/2011 Date Date 22
Watershed and Wetland Location Post-Diversion ~ 33.6 acres of parking lots redirected23
GVSU Storm Water Management Complex 24
GVSU Storm Water Management Complex Pond#4 Pond#1 Pond#3 Pond#2 25
Talk Road Map Brief Geomorphic History of the Grand River and Grand River Ravines Historic storm water and Land Use practices at GVSU Storm water runoff monitoring and research Best Management Practices at GVSU The future of BMP s and storm water at GVSU 26
Storm Water BMPS at GVSU Bio swales Permeable Concrete and Asphalt Rain Gardens (Large and Small) Detention Ponds Green roofs Vegetated buffers (no mow zones) Mackinac Bio Swale after light rain Mackinac Bio Swale after heavy rain 27
BMP examples Permeable Concrete Green Roof on Mackinac Hall Bio swale with art 28
BMP examples Permeable Asphalt Turf Building Rain Garden 29
BMP Benefits Introductory geology students at storm water ponds Bald Eagle at the Pierce Storm Water Management Complex 2011 30
Talk Road Map Brief Geomorphic History of the Grand River and Grand River Ravines Historic storm water and Land Use practices at GVSU Storm water runoff monitoring and research Best Management Practices at GVSU The future of BMP s and storm water at GVSU 31
Field Tour of GVSU BMP s The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Thursday June 23 1:30 to 5:30. Discuss what has worked and what has not worked for GVSU storm water management. See me if you have questions about the tour. 32
Questions? 33