District Heating Fact Finding Mission to DK for Energy Cities members 12-14 September 2016 Experience with Low temperature DH in DK Jan Eric Thorsen Director, Application Centre Danfoss Heating Segment DK-6430 Nordborg 13 September 2016
The outline: The generations of DH in the perspective of the development of the energy system DK-Lystrup Low Temperature DH case (Low energy build.) DK-Sønderby (Existing houses) The concept of flat stations Concluding Remarks 2 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
The generations of DH Trends for the energy system: Renewable energy Surplus energy Conversion energy Low quality energy (temp. level) Fluctuating energy Less demands in buildings 3 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Articles & presentations 4 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
The site in Lystrup - DK 5 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
The DH net layout and the building applications pn 10 system P flow <= 10 Bar(g) P return = 1.5 Bar(g) M M HE units Flow design temp. 50 C (55 C) max. media speed 2 m/s 0.26 kpa/m to 8 kpa/m Twin pipes series II Pipe dimension: Alx 14/14-110 to TWS DN50 Total length 766m. M ST units Shunt pump speed controlled to 30 kpa at critical network point Meter for area (after shunt) Meter for 11 ST units Meter for 11 HE units Individual meter for each consumer 6 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Energy balance for the system Delivered energy an DH net: Yearly energy consumption flats: DH net energy loss: Shunt pump energy: 287 MWh/y 238 MWh/y 49 MWh/y 2.5 MWh/y Main point: 17% distribution energy loss! In case normal DH net was designed loss would have been 41% (Temp. 80/40, single pipes class 2 DH pipes, leading to 200.000kWh/y) In reality the absolute DH net loss is 4 times higher! 7 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Outcome of the Lystrup case: It works (Low. Temp. DH / 4G DH and low energy buildings) 41 flats are operating during 6 years by Low Temperature DH (50-55 C) Besides complains in the beginning, customers are very satisfied Heating consumption a bit higher than expected, due to 2-3 C higher room temp. DHW consumption lower than expected, 30% lower DH energy distribution loss as low as expected, 17% loss DH net loss is slightly higher for HE area than for ST area, but below 5%. If unit heat loss is included in losses, HE unit + net, HE has 30% lower total heat loss! Investments and installation costs are quite higher for ST unit DH return temperatures are low, approx. HE 30 C and ST 35 C but can be even lower! 8 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Low-temperature experience Sønderby Low-temperature DH for existing buildings Project supported by the Danish government 75 single-family buildings from 1997 Floor heating Realisation New low-temperature DH in-house substation New DH network Heat loss reduced from 41% -> 14% 80% of heat demand supplied from main DH return line Average T sup = 55 C No complaints 9 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Can LTDH be applied also in apartment buildings? 10 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Multi-apartment buildings vertical risers Central unit in basement vertical risers for DHW and heating heat losses from DHW circulation noise propagation heat meters for each DHW tap and radiator Low-temperature system (~50 C) DHW system volume > 3 L risk of Legionella Thermal, UV disinfection and others 11 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Multi-apartment buildings new & refurbished installations Flat stations suitable for low-temperature DH flat station in each flat overall DHW system volume <3 L individual control over space heating simple energy metering one heat meter for all no DHW circulation reduced heat loss no vertical risers reduced noise reduced heat loss 12 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Concluding Remarks The future energy system will be renewable and fluctuating New buildings will consume less energy, existing buildings will be energy renovated, focus on comfort in buildings and system performance Thermal infrastructures are key to integrate renewable/surplus energy systems in a cost efficient way, synergies must be utilized 4GDH, smart energy systems (including all energy carriers) are developing, this means the current concept of DH (3G) has to develop to 4G (LTDH, 2 way DH) In Europe there is more waste heat energy available today than needed for heating the building sector!!! 13 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
*** Thank You for the attention *** Jan Eric Thorsen jet@danfoss.com Danfoss A/S Heating Segment Application & Technology 14 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
District Energy District Energy District energy is an infrastructure for distributing heating and cooling to buildings in cities. Danfoss has since 1970 s been providing solutions such as substations and key components like heat exchangers that typically save 20-30% energy in district energy networks and end-consumption Substations Flat stations & DHW systems Plate Heat Exchangers Electronic controllers & Automatic controls 15 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Commercial Controls Commercial Controls The first generation of balancing and control products was developed within Danfoss in 1988. Today, Danfoss is a global market leader within HVAC and District Energy. Balancing Valves Motorized Control Valve Electronic Controllers & SCADA Pressure Independent Balancing & Control Valve Pressure Independent Flow & Temperature Controls Shutt-off ball and butterfly valves 16 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Residential Heating Residential Heating Residential Heating is responsible for one of the most known products in Danfoss, the radiator thermostat, which was developed in 1943, as the world s first Radiator Valves and Thermostats Electronic Room Controls Smart Heating solutions APP Burner Components 17 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Electric Heating Systems Electric Heating Systems World market leader in electric Heating systems. Also known under the brand DEVI, which was acquired in 2003, but has been producing electric heating since 1942 and ensured optimal indoor comfort and outdoor safety. EH indoor and outdoor cables EH Mat Self regulating cables Thermostat Controls 18 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Floor Heating Hydronics Floor Heating Hydronics Supply Floor Heating Hydronics for residential and commercial buildings. Danfoss was the first to introduce wireless floor heating controls and our advanced knowledge of hydronic control means that you get the best floor heating solution on the market. Products Room controls Actuators Manifolds Mixing shunts Pipes & panels Mixing shunts Manifolds Actuators Room controls 19 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET
Energy Metering Energy Metering Supplies energy metering solutions for multi family houses and commercial buildings Sub metering for individual energy consumption: Ultrasonic heat meters for horizontal systems. Heat cost allocators for vertical systems Heat meters Products Heat meters On/Off metering solutions(cn) Heat cost allocators(ru) On/Off metering solutions Heat cost allocators 20 Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET