IEEE/PSES Sand Diego Chapter meeting Dec. 2017 IEC 62368-1: The Latest on Impact, Transition & Status Grant Schmidbauer, Nemko USA, Inc. In preparation with: Jeff Pasternak Product Regulatory Business Strategist Data Center Group Intel Corporation Tom Burke Principal Product Safety Engineer, Consumer & Enterprise Technology Equipment UL LLC UL AND THE UL LOGO ARE TRADEMARKS OF UL LLC 2017. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Abstract Tom Burke UL LLC, and Jeff Pasternak, Intel Corp. presented a status update on IEC 62368-1 at ISPCE 2017 in San Jose, CA (May 2017). This presentation is a recap of that presentation with latest updates since May 2017. IEC 62368-1 Ed. 2 (Safety of AV/ICT Equipment) has been adopted in two major regions of the world, North America (Canada & U.S.) and Europe (EU), and is in the process of being adopted in other countries & regions, some possibly as early as the second half of this year. Formal transition dates are approaching fast, driving a recent uptick in worldwide interest in the standard, especially by manufacturers who will be directly impacted. 2 2
Abstract IEC TC108 s Hazard-Based Standard Development Team (HBSDT) met previously this year in April and have met again in October, thus providing a good opportunity for PSES members attending SPCE 2017 (Boston, MA) to get an update on the latest work on Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1, plus other late-breaking updates and developments associated with the Edition No. 2 transition, including planned adjustment of the EU formal transition date (DOW) by 18 months. This presentation will concentrate on key challenges and observations from a manufacturer s perspective, and from a certifier s experience, but also allow ample time for audience members to share personal knowledge, experiences, perspectives and concerns. 3 3
Topics IEC 62368-1: Introduction A Manufacturer s Perspective: Key Considerations IEC 62368-1, Edition No. 3 (pending) Transition Update USB issues & (new) IEC 62368-3 (time permitting) 4 4
5 IEC 62368-1: Introduction
The IEC & IEC 62368-1 The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) drives global standardization in the field of safety IEC standard development committees consist of deemed experts Globally countries adopt the use of IEC standards with National differences IEC 62368 is the safety standard of Audio, Visual, Information & Communication Technology Equipment developed to be technology independent a hazard-based safety standard 6
Transition History to IEC 62368-1 IEC 380 Office Equipment IEC 435 Data Office Equipment ACOS (Advisory Committee on Safety) IEC Guide 112 Guide for Safety of Multimedia Equipment IEC 60950-1 Information Technology Equipment TC74 TC92 IEC 60065 Audio, Video, Similar Apparatus TC108 HBSDT Hazard Based Safety Standard Technology Independent IEC 62368-1 Audio / Video Information and Communication Technology Equipment 7
IEC 62368-1 - Market Relevance Total 43% of the CB Scheme Covers almost all electronic equipment in your living rooms 8
IEC 62368-1 Uses a Three Block Model Model for Injury Hazardous Energy Source Transfer Mechanism Body Part Model for Safety Hazardous Energy Source Safe Guard Body Part 9
Hazards Covered by in IEC 62368-1 Electric Shock Fire (internal / external) Hazardous Substances (battery, chemical, ozone) Mechanical (stability, sharp edges, moving parts) Thermal Burn (hot surfaces) Radiation (laser, x-ray, optical, sound) For each hazard, energy sources are classified into three levels: Level 1: Non-detectable to a detectable energy source Level 2: Detectable to painful energy Level 3: Painful to harmful energy 10 10
IEC 62368-1 Required Safeguards (ISO/IEC Guide 51 principles) Energy Source Hazardous? NO Level 1 Energy Non-detectable to detectable YES Level 2 Energy Detectable to painful No safeguard required Single Safeguard Ordinary Person Instructed Person Level 3 Energy Painful to harmful Double Safeguard Skilled Person 11
12 IEC 62368-1 A Manufacturer s Perspective w Key Considerations
Scl. 4.1.1 Acceptance of IEC 60950/60065 Components Sub-clause 4.1.1 was purposely included in IEC62368-1 to help manufacturers during transition period There is a note in IEC 62368-1, 2 nd Edition that reference components and subassemblies that already comply with IEC 60950-1 or IEC 60065 are to be acceptable as part of the equipment covered by IEC62368-1 without further evaluation other than to give consideration to appropriate use of the component or subassembly in the end-product. There is also an additional note in IEC 62368-1 to eliminate Scl.4.1.1 in ed. 3 of the standard, however this is now removed.. Sub-clause 4.1.1 has caused debates: What is a component or subassembly? Why only valid in second edition? 13
Why is Scl. 4.1.1 so Important to Manufacturers? To ease the transition for manufacturers Manufacturers currently cannot procure certified wiring to IEC wiring standards (IEC 60332-series) referenced in IEC 62368-1 Its inevitable some countries will be late in adopting 3 rd Edition - some products not able to certified to 2 nd Edition without 4.1.1 Helps with many near end of life component products alleviates unnecessary need to not update a new certification especially when new standard technically is NOT developed to deal with safety issues 14
Why is Scl. 4.1.1 so Important to Manufacturers? Wiring IEC 62368-1 references the requirement for wiring to be compliant with IEC 60695- and 60332-based Standards for flammability of wire insulation and tubing. Very few suppliers of wiring complying with these standards available. We need to find a way to allow manufacturers to use the existing evaluation for wire and tubing insulation, while the industry prepares for the IEC wiring standards Additional TC108 work to help 3 rd Edition to include alternative acceptance criteria based on similar testing for UL approved wire 15 Wire insulation shall comply with the recommended performance requirements of the applicable IEC 60332 standards. Alternatively, the wire insulation and tubing shall comply with IEC/TS606095-11-21, with the sample conditioning of 6h minimum and without consideration for pigmentation
Why is Scl. 4.1.1 so Important to Manufacturers? Component Power Supplies Avoid: Redesign of ventilation openings new IEC 62368-1 flame cone area requirements Sourcing / certifying wire to IEC wiring standards 16
240VA (Energy Hazard) YES currently sited as hazard in IEC 60950-1 NOT sited as hazard in IEC 62368-1 What can this mean? 17
What Does It Mean No 240VA Required Protection? Accessibility by Ordinary Person deemed acceptable Motherboard 240VA access permitted by Power Supply No need for 240VA output limits (e.g. splitting 12V rails) Elimination of cover screws serviceability now OK without need of a tool 18
What Does It Mean No 240VA Required Protection? Drive Bay Backplane Accessibility No need for current limiting or insulation barriers Potential design costs saving opportunities right! Not so fast what may prevent this? Global Adoption of IEC 62368-1 19
Fire Enclosure Plastics Flammability IEC 62368-1 based on power NOT weight! Standard Criteria Flame Rating IEC 60950-1 > 18 Kg 5V < 18 Kg V-1 IEC 62368-1 > 4000W 5V < 4000W V-1 small medium large < 4000W = V1 > 4000W = 5V 20
Fire Enclosure Ventilation Opening Designs IEC 62368-1, 2 nd Edition identified as being more onerous for side ventilation openings! IEC 62368-1, 2 nd Edition bases requirements on flame cone area for side ventilation openings making requirements more onerous! 21
Flame Cone Area Requirements Top Openings With respect to the Potential Ignition Source (PIS), top openings are any openings within 2mm area around the cone Side Openings Any opening that falls within either the top or bottom areas! MORE ONEROUS THAN IEC 60950-1! Potential Ignition Source (PIS) - 5mm any dimension; or - 1mm in width, regardless length 15mm 15mm Bottom Openings With respect to the Potential Ignition Source (PIS), bottom openings are any openings with 15mm areas - 3mm any dimension; or - 1mm in width, regardless length 22
Ed. 2 Air Flow Consideration - Flame Cone Area Requirements Top Openings Top Openings with Air Flow Considerations 45 Degree Rotation Air Flow Potential Ignition Source (PIS) With respect to the Potential Ignition Source (PIS), top openings are any openings with within the extended area as a result of the 45 degree rotation 15mm 15mm 23
Ed. 2 Assessing Fire Enclosure Side Ventilation Openings With a PIS at the edge of the component zone the bottom portion of the flame cone extends out through the side vents. With a PIS at the edge of the component zone, the top portion of the flame cone (cone straight with no airflow considerations) extends through the side vents With a PIS at the edge of the component zone, the top portion of the flame cone with airflow considerations) extends further through the side vents 24
Ed. 3 Assessing Fire Enclosure Side Ventilation Openings 3 rd Edition adds 6.8.4.3.5 for Side Openings Current constructions DO NOT comply with IEC 62368-1 flame cone requirements Clause 6.8.4.3.5 references new Figure PIS 5 o Current constructions today comply with IEC 60950-1 5 degree projection requirements 25
26 IEC 62368-1 Edition No. 3 (pending FDIS)
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Publication Schedule Current Stage (June 2017) > Committee Draft for Vote (CDV), with 3 month voting period. Vote closed Sept. 2017, with positive result, and comments Next Stage (Q1 2018) > Final Draft International Standard (FDIS), with 3 month voting period. Expected IS to be published in mid-2018. Target Publication Date -> July 2018 27
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Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 1 (Scope) Modernization of examples of products under scope, incl. 3D Printers, Kiosks & Wearable Technology (Annex A). Incorporation of IEC 60950-22 (Outdoor Equipment) into scope/body. Incorporation of IEC 60950-23 (ICT w/robotics) into scope/body. 29
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 1 (Scope) IEC 60950-21 (RFT) requirements being incorporated into new IEC 62368-3, DC power transfer through communication cables or ports, with expansion to cover both RFT & USB/PoE/etc. interfaces PSE Power Sourcing Equipment PD Powered Devices 30
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 2 (Norm. References) & Clause 3 (Terms/Defs.) Various updates & refinements. New terms/definitions, include, Backfeed Calculated Sound Dose (CSD) Fixed Equipment Insulating Liquid Professional Equipment Wireless Power Transmitter Work Cell 31 31
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 4 (General) IEC TC108 has decided to keep the legacy component (60065 & 60950-1) provision in 4.1.1 (for Ed. 3 FDIS). Note: IEC TC108 Interpretation Panel has now completed a formal interpretation of 4.1.1, and its application to systems of AV/ICT, including external components like external power supplies, and will publish (soon) as an INF. 32 32
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 4 (General) New requirements for insulating liquids (also Cl 5 & 6). New requirements for coin/button cell batteries. For equipment installed by Ordinary Persons, all likely positions of orientation of the equipment to be taken into account, incl. possibility of mounting to a non-vertical surface, and regardless of instructions provided by the manufacturer 33
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 5 (Electric Shock) Refinement of requirements for Clearances, incl. new prescriptive option (Annex X) based on 60950-1 Tables. New requirements (w/annex G) for enameled Fully Insulated Wire (FIW), sometimes known a Zero Defect Wire. New requirements for safeguards associated with Backfeed. 34
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 5 (Electric Shock) New material on interconnected ES3/ES2/ES1 circuits in secondary circuits of SMPSs (similar to 60950-1 approach). Note: Recently announced -> CENELEC OSM (EU) now accepts UL 1446 for EIS (electrical insulation system) instead of IEC 60085. 35
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 6 (Fire) Refined Top, Side & Bottom Opening requirements, incl. re-introduction of 5 degree principle from 60950-1. Critical for products requiring high air flow, eg. enterprise servers. 36 36
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 6 (Fire) Refined Top, Side & Bottom Opening requirements, incl. change in consideration for flame cone for top openings. 37 37
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 6 (Fire) Removal of forced air flow considerations Glow Wire Test reintroduced as option for parts outside Fire Enclosure. New allowance for VW-1 rated wiring instead of IEC wiring flammability standards. 38
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 6 (Fire) Note: Agreement also reached by HBSDT to pursue a Formal Interpretation. For Peripherals (PDs) not investigated in a system (PSE & PD), and connected to common industry busses featuring power delivery (e.g., USB, PoE, etc.), we no longer can automatically assume supplied by PS2 or LPS (i.e., they may not be < 100 W). Rationale: Such busses are potentially > 100 W, especially non-industry-spec-compliant PSE. Impact: Enclosure flammability rating of peripherals (PDs). 39 39
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 8 (Mechanical) Refinement of Slide Rail Mounted Equipment (SRME) requirements. For new definition Work Cells, new 60950-23 based requirements included. 40
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 9 (Touch Temperatures) Refinement of Touch Temperature Limits (Table 38). New requirements for Wireless Power Transmitters. New allowance for devices/parts w/ Small Heat Capacity (considerations per IEC Guide 117) instead of Table 38. 41 41
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Clause 10 (Radiation) Refinement of Radiation Energy Source Classifications. Refinement of Acoustic Energy requirements for PMPs, including addition of Dose Methodology. Additional of IEC 62471-5 for laser illuminated projectors. 42
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Annex F (Markings & Instructional Safeguards) Removal of maximum altitude symbol (from earlier draft). Rev to rated current, will accept 100-240V, max 6A Annex G (Components) Refinement of Resistor (as safeguard) requirements. Refinement of IC Current Limiter requirements (incl. replacement of current three (3) test program options with refined single (1) test program). 43 43
Ed. 3 of IEC 62368-1: Anticipated Changes Annex M (Batteries) Update to latest IEC 62133-1 & IEC 62133-2 Addition of IEC 62619 for non-portable applications. IEC 62619: Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial applications Refined Battery Ventilation requirements. 44 44
45 IEC 62368-1 Transition Update
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Countries in Process of Implementing IEC 62368-1 as National Standard (examples) Country Standard IEC Equivalent Implementation Date Notes Australia AS/NZS 62368.1 IEC 62368-1:2014 TBD November 2017 Expected completion date China GBxxx IEC 62368-1:2014 European Union EN 62368-1:2014 IEC 62368-1:2014 Japan J 62368-1 IEC 62368-1:2014 Korea KN 62368-1 IEC 62368-1:2014 Mexico NMX-I-62368-1- IEC 62368- NYCE-2015 1:2014 South Africa SANS 62368- IEC 62368-1:2011 (Ed. 1.00) 1:2010 N/A May 2017 standard to be reviewed June 2017 submit to SAC for approval Q4 2018 Implement as GB national standard 20 June 2019 Compliance per EN 62368-1 or EN 60065 / EN 60950-1 currently 20 December 2020 allowed. If modified DOW published in EU OJ, extension will impact LVD and RED TBD - 2019? 2018 Expected publication Voluntary - TBD Voluntary - TBD 2018 Expected publication Study continues towards utilizing NOM standard for mandatory approval In process of issuing Ed. 2 (TBD) Taiwan CNS 15598-1 (2012) IEC 62368-1: 2010 N/A BSMI initial plan Announcement: in 2018 Enforced: in 2020 47
EU Announced Formal Transition Dates EU Date of Withdrawal (DOW) - Legacy Standards (60065/60950-1): June 20, 2019 (original) Official Journal (OJ) of the EU (latest): Sept. 8, 2017 DOW = Date superseded standards (60065 & 60950-1) cease to give presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the relevant Union legislation (LVD & RED). 48 48
Recent EU Activity on EN 62368-1 Ed. 2 CENELEC BT voted to extend DOW from June 20, 2019 to December 20, 2020 (18 mo extension). Active discussion between CENELEC & European Regulators to establish the revised DOW as new published date that superseded standards (EN 60065 & 60950-1) cease to give presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the relevant Union legislation (LVD & RED). Need change published formally in EU Official Journal (OJ)! Outcome expected Q4 2017 (we thought it would have already happened by now)! 49
Recent EU Activity on EN 62368-1 Ed. 2 50 CENELEC also agreed to remove the legacy component provision in 4.1.1 from Ed. 2 (effective Dec. 20, 2020). o Legacy component provision also will be removed from Ed. 3 of EN 62368-1, even if IEC TC108 keeps it in. In EU, after Dec. 20, 2020, EN 60065 & EN 60950-1 certified components no longer will be permitted in equipment investigated to EN 62368-1 without additional investigation. However, as a formal amendment process, CLC TC108 has started an UAP (Unique Acceptance Procedure) for an Amendment for a Common Modification of EN 62368-1:2014 to delete the allowance to use the legacy standards for components in clause 4.1.1.
Recent EU Activity on EN 62368-1 Ed. 2 If DOW/Date of Cessation extended, and announced in the EU Official Journal (OJ): Manufacturers have option to transition from EN 60065 or EN 60950-1 to Ed. 3 of EN 62368-1 directly, bypassing Ed. 2 of EN 62368-1. By December 20, 2020, manufacturers would need to transition to either, Ed. 2 or Ed. 3 of EN 62368-1 And by December 20, 2020, manufacturers would need to ensure that their complete supply chain of legacy components (system parts) are also transitioned to Ed. 2 or Ed. 3 of EN 62368-1. 51 51
UL Announced Formal Transition Dates US (UL) Effective Date New Products: June 20, 2019 Soft Transition: No formal Industry File Review (IFR) of existing certifications. Will modify transition in alignment with EU (ie, Dec. 20, 2020 when published) 52 52
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IEC 62368-1 Transition Time Lines Current Status Current DOW Status Status Assumptions IEC 62368-1 1 st Edition IEC 62368-1 2nd Edition May 16 Critical Standard Issues Discovered Dec 16 IEC 62368-1 3rd Ed. - CD May 17 CDV Vote Period BEST CASE Oct 17 EDCOM Process FDIS Jan 18 FDIS Vote Period 5-6 month 2-3 month 2-3 month Apr 18 EDCOM & Translation 2-3 month Jul 18 Publishing of IEC 62368-1 3rd Edition Jun 20 19 CENELEC EN 62368-1 2 nd Edition DOW Dec 20, 2020 TC108X Proposal Extend DOW CENELEC EN 62368-1, 3 rd Edition 2010 Jan 2014 Feb 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 5 Year Time Frame to Transition Cl 4.1.1 to Aid Smooth Transition ~1 Year Time Frame to Transition ~1.5 Year Addition to Transition Jul 18 Int l Adoption Gate Opens CENELEC US/Canada China India Taiwan Australia/NZS No DOW UL/CSA 62368-2 nd Edition TBD TBD TBD TBD 54
Manufacturer s Decision Bottom Line -> Important Decision needed by manufacturers on transition from legacy standards, 60065 & 60950-1, to 62368-1. IEC 62368-1, Ed2 IEC 60065, Ed8, or IEC 60950-1, Ed2, Am2 use Ed. 2 now, or wait until mid 2018, for Ed. 3 IEC 62368-1, Ed3 55
56 USB issues & (new) IEC 62368-3 (time permitting)
Ed. 1 of IEC 62368-3: Publication Schedule Current Stage (Oct 2017) > Final Draft International Standard (FDIS), with 1.5 month voting period. Vote closes Nov. 17, 2017, expected positive result, w comments Next Stage (Q1 2018) > International Standard (IS). Expected IS to be published in early 2018. Target Publication Date -> April 2018 57
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Limited Power Sources & Evolution of USB 3.0 /3.1 Quick Charging Standardization -12V @ 2A on micro-usb -12V @ 3A on USB-C -20V @ 3A on USB-C (Profile 4) - Allows charging at 5V, 12 & 20V - Up to 5A currents / 100 W charging - Likely new standard for cell phone - Becoming more popular on tablets & laptops It is a propriety system Certification is required Quick charge is one of the most common protocols 59
Limited Power Sources USB Challenges IEC 62368 USB typically assessed to PS2 / maybe PS3 Electrically caused fire power source classes PS1 < 15 watts After 3 sec. PS2 < 100 watts After 5 sec. PS3 > 100 watts MUST think about: A device connected to a USB >100W (PS3) REQUIRES fire enclosure Inoperability's between the host and USB device IEC TC100 has issued Committee Draft for IEC 63002 covering inoperability guidelines for USB-C power supplies Many concerns can be addressed by communication between the power supply and host device The draft standard covers potential issues for the cable connecting the EPS to the host device Inoperability affects both functionality and safety 60
USB-C Safety Certification Design Challenges Ensure cable can support maximum current Safe guard against: Fault condition contamination causing a short Inoperability supply to device (communication) Voltage differences Will device need voltage protection? Power limiting will supply provide current limiting? Common Connector fits into USB slot however no certification is required on common connectors 61
New IEC 62368-3 (108/695/FDIS): DC power transfer through communication cables or ports Equipment interface requirements for both, a) IEC 60950-21 (RFT) circuits @ ES3, and b) other low voltage busses @ ES1 & ES2 with DC power transfer, such as USB, and PoE, and in-building telecom (formerly TNV-2). Covers both Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) & Powered Devices (PD) 62
New IEC 62368-3 (108/695/FDIS): DC power transfer through communication cables or ports Power limitation for PSE @ ES1/ES2 (e.g., USB, PoE, etc.): a) If powering building wire (e.g., PoE) = LPS (Q.1); b) If powering other equipment = PS2 or LPS; and under abnormal & single fault conditions, the PSE output current shall not exceed, 50 % (for circuits 2 A) rated max. for more than 5 seconds; and 30 % (for circuits > 2 A) rated max. for more than 5 seconds; and 8.0 A under any circumstances. Note: Exception if power delivery spec. has specific limits for fault current, use spec. limit. 63
New IEC 62368-3 (108/695/FDIS): DC power transfer through communication cables or ports Voltage limitation for ES1/ES2 (e.g., USB, PoE, etc.), a) PSE: Output voltage, under single fault, shall be limited to, 130% of rated for circuits, w/o negotiation; or 130% of rated for circuits > 5V (max 7.5 V), w/negotiation; 150% of rated for circuits 5V, w/negotiation. b) PD: Shall not create any hazard when supplied with 130 % of nominal rated for circuits > 5V (min. 7.5 V); 150 % of nominal rated for circuits 5V. 64
New IEC 62368-3 (108/695/FDIS): DC power transfer through communication cables or ports In Amendment No. 1, RFT requirements also will need to be aligned with (new): ITU-T K.50, Safe limits for operating voltages and currents of telecommunication systems powered over the network. Other refinements for ES1 & ES2 also anticipated! IEC TC 64 will have a similar function for IEC 60364-7- 716, which includes the electrical installation/ infrastructure, like PoE outlets in the wall and PoE wire/cabling behind the wall. 65
Thank you for attending 2017 SPCE Boston! Q&A Discussion 66