Fire Safety Concept Hotel Jumeirah Dr.-Ing. Christoph Klinzmann hhpberlin Ingenieure für Brandschutz Department performance-based methods Office Hamburg
Part 2 Fire safety engineering Development of fire protection concept Regulations applied Fire safety engineering
Palais Quartier Development of fire safety concept Kick-off for project in 2002 Massimiliano Fuksas and KSP architects International planers Start of consulting with building-authorities and planners Design of basic concept for the entire Palais Quartier as well as single elements Duration of building permission 2004-2006 In Germany the authority Bauaufsicht gives buildingauthority approval
Design principles in Germany Prescriptive and performancebased design Safety targets defined in building codes Prescriptive design Performance-based design Material requirements according to building codes and guidelines - Fire safety concept - Application of performance-based methods Building codes in Germany are mainly prescriptive performance-based design only for single elements 3/12/2012
Palais Quartier Applied regulations Hessische Bauordnung (Building regulations in Hessen) Muster-Hochhausrichtlinie (High-rise building guideline) Verkaufstättenverordnung (Regulation for shopping areas) Versammlungsstättenverordnung (Regulation for places of public assembly) Beherbergungsstättenverordnung (Regulation for accommodation) Garagenverordnung (Regulation for garage)
Application of performance-based methods Performance-based methods were used to prove the availability of escape route for necessary time span on the basis of the planned smoke exhaust concept CFD-Simulations of smoke and heat exhausts for open and combined floors in the shopping center, the garage and parts of Thurn & Taxis-Palais Computer-based simulations for the evacuation of the shopping center My Zeil (part of the high rise building) and garage were carried out
Fire scenarios Only one fire scenario at the same time in the whole building complex is considered for fire safety and smoke exhaust concept Two simultaneous or immediate scenarios had to be considered in the design of the sprinkler system according to regulations
Planned smoke exhaust measures Smoke exhaust in shopping-center MyZeil Mechanical smoke exhaust via shafts to top of the building with a maximum volume flow of 600.000 m³/h Supply air by windows that open automatically in the façade of shopping center (91 m², max. air speed 1,9 m/s) Simulation via CFD
Application of performance-based methods Positions of smoke and heat exhausts and supply air
Application of performance-based methods In the simulations it must be proven that the effects of a fire (smoke, heat and radiation) do not have a significant impact on the escape routes Safety targets / performance criteria Limit values for radiation and temperature have to be met A smoke-free layer with a height of 2,5 m has to be proven, usually via visibility or optical density in the height of 2,5 m Visibility on floor with fire and in 4th floor must be >35 m during smoke spread over at least 15 min
Application of performance-based methods 3 different fire scenarios were investigated Ground floor, 1 st floor, 1 st Level below ground GF 1st Floor
Application of performance-based methods Heat release rate for all fire scenarios Sprinkler
Results of simulations Simulation of ground floor: visibility Only in area of fire source visibility was below target criteria Ground floor 4th Floor
Results of simulations Simulation of ground floor: visibility Ground floor 4th Floor
Results of simulations Simulation of 1st floor: visibility 1st floor after 5 min 4th floor after 5 min
Results of simulations Simulation of 1st floor: visibility 1st floor after 15 min 4th floor after 15 min
Results of simulations Before the grand opening of the shopping center, the results of simulation have been validated by a smoke test Positive smoke test Video smoke test ground floor
Hotel Jumeirah Conclusions The Palais Quartier and the Hotel Jumeirah were introduced In the first part the regulations for high-rise buildings >60 m in Germany and their application in the fire safety concept of the Jumeirah hotel were explained In this part of the presentation the applied regulations and performance-based methods were shown Thank you! Questions?
Contact details Ingenieure für Brandschutz GmbH Headquarters Berlin Rotherstraße 19 10245 Berlin Phone: +49 (30) 89 59 55-0 Fax: +49 (30) 89 59 55-9101 email@hhpberlin.de www.hhpberlin.de