Setting A New Standard For Extra High Efficient, Infrared Tube Heaters 30% More Efficient Than Typical Models

ForceRed Series Setting A New Standard For Extra High Efficient, Infrared Tube Heaters 30% More Efficient Than Typical Models Solutions For Commercial & Industrial Heating, Since 1949 Pull Through Tube Heater Negative Pressure NEXT GENERATION INFRARED TECHNOLOGY

Technology What Is ForceRed? The ForceRed Series is Space-Ray s next generation infrared tube heater designed to provide the maximum Radiant Output at a fixed emitter tube length, providing up to 30% more fuel savings than typical models. This new series of tube heaters is especially engineered to take the efficiency of infrared tube heaters to the next level of fuel savings. Space-Ray s new ForceRed Series was designed by a team of engineers using both computational heat transfer modeling and the advanced European Radiant Output measurement system. The next generation infrared tube heater is here now. ForceRed Series infrared tube heaters are the future of extra high radiant efficiency. Why Is ForceRed The Next Generation Infrared Tube Heater? The ForceRed Series pushes radiant energy delivery to the next level by offering 30% more Radiant Output and 30% more fuel efficiency compared to other typical tube heaters. ForceRed delivers more radiant energy to the floor level thus helping maintain thermal mass in the floor which offers a quicker recovery when the doors are opened and closed frequently. For background, infrared tube heaters generate Radiant Output as well as convective output and flue losses. The Radiant Output is the key to producing fuel savings. It is the usable heat that is transferred directly to the floor level. Convective output rises first to the ceiling and will eventually stratify down to the floor level, but there will be wasted heat trapped at the building s ceiling which is not useful or fuel efficient. The remaining energy (i.e. products of combustion) is discharged outside the building normally through the vent and is sometimes referred to as the flue loss. Infrared Comparison Below is a depiction of how Space-Ray s new ForceRed Series maximizes Radiant Output while reducing the amount of heat energy lost to both convection and flue losses. During the design process Space-Ray engineers considered each element of the theory of radiant heat transfer and tested them to find the best solution to optimize the radiated energy output for a series of fixed length (or surface area) heaters using the following formula: Temperature (Ts 4 Tr 4 ): Radiant Heat transfer is significantly influenced by temperature. The multiplier is the absolute temperature of the heat source (Ts) to the power of 4 minus the absolute temperature of the receiver (Tr) to the power of 4. In the case of radiant tube heaters this means maximizing the temperature of the surface area of the emitter tubes. Emissivity (ε): The emissivity of a black body is 1.0 all other surfaces are less than this. In the case of radiant tube heaters this means selecting the most emissive material for the operating temperature of the emitter tubes. Geometric View Factor (F): This is the factor for how well the receiver can see the energy being transmitted from the emitter. In the case of radiant tube heaters this means maximizing the amount of energy directed in the infrared wavelength from the heat source to the receiver. Area (A): Surface area of the emitter tubes. This means determining the best heat input to provide the highest temperature for the length and diameter of emitter tube selected. * Holman, J.P., Heat Transfer, McGraw-Hill Series in Mechanical Engineering, 2010, P13 ForceRed Series is covered by one or more U.S. patent applications. 2 ForceRed maximizes the Radiant Output and minimizes both the convective output and flue loss to ensure more of the energy is received at the floor level as Radiant Output.

Technology A New Measurement: Setting The Standard With The Infrared Factor (IF) A new term called the Infrared Factor (IF) is part of a draft standard AHRI 1330P titled "Performance Rating Standard for Radiant Output of Gas Fired Infrared Heaters". The Infrared factor is a linear scale of values from 7 to 15, where the factor is calculated from the measured Radiant Output of the heater versus the gross energy input in the fuel. The basis for the scale is that the minimum value of 7 represents the equivalent of the minimum permissible Radiant Output required in the ANSI Standard Z83.20 that is needed to be classed as a radiant heater. Infrared Factor values of 9 and 10 represent the average, typical heater values available on the market today. How Do You Measure Radiant Output? Until recent years there was no repeatable test methodology to determine the Radiant Output of tube heaters. Two previous major efforts by tube heater manufacturers and nationally recognized testing laboratories resulted in a test methodology with mixed results. A new, reliable method has recently been developed in Europe which is documented in the European Standard EN416-2. In this standard, the Radiant Output is measured from a distance of 4 (100mm) below the heater to minimize transmission losses. Measurements are taken with a water cooled thermopile in a grid with points of 4 x 4 (100mm x 100mm) across the width of the heater as well as along the entire length of the heater. The measurements are recorded using a computer data acquisition system. The data points are then integrated to give measurements per square decimeter and a calibration constant is applied to the measured mv values to convert to w/dm 2. Great Got Even Better In many applications typical infrared tube heaters have saved building owners up to 50% on their heating bills when compared to forced air systems. These typical models normally have an IR Factor of 9 or 10. ForceRed s Infrared Factor Is Up To 14 When using the new draft standard AHRI 1330P titled Performance Rating Standard for Radiant Output of Gas Fired Infrared Heaters, Space-Ray s new ForceRed Series sets the standard with Infrared Factors as high as 14, which is 30% greater and thus even more efficient than typical models. How good Is The New ForceRed Series? In fact, a review of other countries that currently have a Radiant Output performance rating shows the United Kingdom has been at the forefront. In the UK their policy is to offer carbon reduction tax credits to infrared products that will meet an IR Factor of at least 12 from the AHRI 1330P scale. The new Space-Ray ForceRed Series with an IR Factor of up to 14 sets the new fuel efficiency standard. ForceRed Infrared Output Compared To Typical Infrared Models 3

Technology Thanks to the precision of this measurement system, Space-Ray engineers were able to use the results of experimentation with both heater design and heat input to maximize the heat output and get the highest Radiant Output for each model length. Radiant Output Comparison Between ForceRed And Typical IR Heater ForceRed NXU175-50 Typical U-Tube IR Heater 200-50 Shown above is the Radiant Output measured in watts per dm 2 output along the length of the new ForceRed NXU175-50 tube heater compared to a typical model U-tube heater rated at 200,000 Btu/Hr. at the same length. Based on Radiant Output, the new ForceRed Series heater generates as much as 30% more Radiant Output when compared to typical models. RADIANT OUTPUT (W/dm 2 RADIANT OUTPUT (W/dm 2 LENGTH ON GRID (m) LENGTH ON GRID (m) 175,000 BTU/Hr 50 FT U-TUBE EMITTER LENGTH 200,000 BTU/Hr 50 FT U-TUBE EMITTER LENGTH ForceRed U Tube Provides More Evenly Distributed Heat Than Typical U Tube Models ForceRed NXU175-50 Typical U-Tube IR Heater 200-50 LENGTH ON GRID (m) LENGTH ON GRID (m) 175,000 BTU/Hr 50 FT U-TUBE EMITTER LENGTH 200,000 BTU/Hr 50 FT U-TUBE EMITTER LENGTH 4 The above charts shows the temperature via a red line under firing tube, while the yellow line depicts the return tube (exhaust leg). The principle differences are that both the red and yellow lines show significantly higher Radiant Output at the U Bend end of the heater which provides a more even distribution of fuel saving radiant heat.

Technology What Does A High Radiant Output Infrared Tube Heater Mean To The Building Owner? The ASHRAE HVAC Systems & Equipment Handbook, Chapter 15 states that the ASHRAE building heat loss can be reduced 15-20% when using an Infrared heating system. Space-Ray utilizes the ASHRAE prescribed method along with the heater installation height above the floor level to determine the Infrared Heat Loss Reduction Factor (IHLRF) to use when sizing an infrared heating system. As an example an Infrared Heat Loss Reduction Factor (IHLRF) of 0.80 can be used when a Space-Ray infrared heater with infrared factor of 10 is installed at 16 above the finished floor. Based on the higher Radiant Output of the ForceRed Series heater, HVAC Design Engineers are now able to size a new ForceRed infrared heating system using an Infrared Heat Loss Reduction Factor (IHLRF) significantly lower than 0.80 based on the improved Radiant Output. This lower Infrared Heat Loss Reduction Factor (IHLRF) can mean lower Btu/Hr inputs into a given building which can result in fuel savings of up to 30%. Additionally, this could also translate into more benchmark points for LEED certified green building design. What Is Different About ForceRed? ForceRed is designed to maximize Radiant Output for a given emitter tube length (15, 20, 30, 40 etc ) at maximum emitter tube temperatures. ForceRed is designed for maximize Radiant Output with the use of a unique dual reflector system individual Asymmetric Reflectors & Outer Shield Reflector. ForceRed is designed for Maximum Thermal Efficiency through the extensive use of special turbulators at the firing leg as well as exhaust leg. ForceRed is designed to only be installed horizontally to maximize Radiant Output radiant energy transfer to the floor level (as whenever tube heaters are angle mounted, they increase their convective losses which reduces the tube temperatures, and in turn reduces Radiant Output as much as 30%). ForceRed is designed to produce lower levels of CO 2 based on the lower firing rates needed to heat equivalent sized buildings with a lower Btu/Hr input. Why Does ForceRed Use Aluminum Reflectors With A Dual Reflector Design? Aluminum reflectors are widely used by infrared heater manufacturers due to their high reflectivity rating of 0.97*. We asked our Engineers to start with a clean slate and consider other materials when designing the ForceRed Series. They reviewed polished Stainless Steel (430 2BA) material which has a lower reflectivity rating of 0.85*. Results showed that when subjected 3 days of operation, the stainless steel reflectors discolored and the Radiant Output declined by 3.1%. They also explored the use of Aluminized Steel (aluminum silicate hot bonded steel) reflectors with a reflectivity of 0.80** and on initial operation they found that the Radiant Output was 6.3% lower than Aluminum reflectors. This solidified our decision to incorporate only aluminum reflectors on the new ForceRed series. Given the decision to utilize aluminum reflectors due to their high reflectivity ForceRed Is Also Green Typical infrared heaters currently fall within the definition of being Green based primarily on being a proven energy efficient space heating method to reduce fuel consumption in today s modern buildings. Space-Ray s new ForceRed series provides an unsurpassed Radiant Output level which only underscores the building owner s projected reduction in energy consumption and fuel bills. Combined with this reduced energy consumption comes reduced CO 2 emissions which only reinforces ForceRed s carbon reducing ability and Green footprint. *Sopp and Brandt, Reflectivity and Emissivity of Bare and Coated Aluminum, Finishes Division of Alcoa Research Laboratories, 1975, P10 **Atlas Steel Products, Aluminized Steel Type 1, ASTM463-A. (www.atlassteel.com website article) 5

Specifications rating of 0.97, our Engineering determined via Radiant Output tests that an air gap between the dual aluminum reflectors was superior to less reflective materials (e.g. stainless steel or aluminized steel) with a rigid or rolled insulation material sandwiched between the two reflectors. The result was a new, unique dual reflector design utilizing the insulating properties of an air gap in between two highly efficient aluminum reflectors which results in a substantial gain in overall Radiant Output. Key Features For Space-Ray s New ForceRed High Efficiency Tube Heaters Pull-Through System HForceRed is a pull-through system the products of combustion are pulled through the combustion chamber for increased radiant efficiency and greater safety. HForceRed incorporates multiple special turbulators on both the firing leg as well exhaust leg of to provide uniform energy distribution. HForceRed can be vented vertically, horizontally or by means of a common vent. HForceRed is CSA certified for 25 ft. horizontal sidewall venting. HForceRed offers an optional Condensate Control System. H ForceRed s draft inducer is equipped with permanently lubricated, totally enclosed, fan cooled, heavy duty ball bearing motor for maintenance free operation. H ForceRed s draft inducer assembly can be used for through-the-roof venting or rotated 45 degrees or even 90 degrees for horizontal venting. HForceRed is CSA certified for both vented or indirect vented operation. Burner & Control System HForceRed uses a one piece cast iron burner with stainless steel flame retainer. HForceRed has a 10 year limited warranty on burner. HForceRed can use both inside or optional outside air for combustion. HForceRed is CSA certified for 25 ft. of outside combustion air inlet duct. HForceRed incorporates a burner inspection sight glass. HForceRed uses a slow opening combination gas valve for quiet ignition. HForceRed incorporates an Air Proving Switch for proof of venting before gas flow and ignition. HForceRed has Direct Spark ignition with 100% Gas Safety Shut-Off (30 second pre-purge). H ForceRed includes a 36" stainless steel flexible gas connector with each control box. H ForceRed features 3 Monitoring Lights for on-line diagnosis: power on, insufficient air flow, and ignition system operation for ease of maintenance and troubleshooting. Aircraft Hangars Warehouses 6

Specifications Radiant Emitter Tube System HForceRed features all calorized steel tubes for improved emissivity long life and high radiant efficiency. The calorization process produces an emitter tube which is highly radiant absorptive on the interior and highly radiant emissive on the exterior will not flake or peel, and is corrosion resistant. HForceRed includes special high temperature titanium alloy AlumiTherm emitter tubes. HForceRed features a 5 year limited warranty on all emitter tubes. ForceRed features specially designed and patent pending tube support brackets that use stainless steel rollers to facilitate tube expansion and contraction. Reflector System HForceRed s dual aluminum reflector system maximizes downward radiation and minimizes convective losses. HForceRed features highly efficient aluminum reflectors with a reflectivity rating of 97%. HForceRed uses specially designed individual asymmetric reflectors to maximize emitter tube temperatures and Radiant Output. HForceRed s reflector ends are enclosed for maximum radiant heat output and minimum convective losses. 30% To 50% In Annual Fuel Cost Savings A highly radiant efficient Space-Ray infrared heating system can normally save a building owner 30% to 50% in annual fuel costs compared to forced air heating systems. In addition, the new ForceRed Series offers up to 30% more fuel savings than typical infrared heating systems. 7

Models & Dimensions NXU Series Next generation heaters offer 30% increased radiant efficiency and 30% more fuel efficiency when compared to typical tube/reflector design IR heaters. Designed for maximum Radiant Output for each given emitter tube length/ heater Input. Any incremental tube length can reduce the Radiant Output. Designed for maximum thermal efficiency extensive use of turbulators. Specifically designed for horizontal mounting to maximize the Radiant Output at floor level. Ideal for spot or area heating as well as complete building applications. MODEL* SINGLE STAGE BTU/HR INPUT MODELS BTU/HR HIGH INPUT TWO STAGE BTU/HR LOW INPUT GROSS RADIANT EFFICIENCY - USA RADIANT EFFICIENCY NET RADIANT EFFICIENCY - EU* IR FACTOR** NXU 85 85,000 85,000 50,000 62.0 68.9 13 NXU 110 110,000 110,000 71,500 69.5 77.2 14 NXU 145 145,000 145,000 88,500 69.4 77.1 14 NXU 175 175,000 175,000 114,000 67.5 75.0 14 NXU 200 200,000 200,000 125,000 65.5 72.8 14 *Tested in accordance with EN416-2 **IR Factor information provided for single stage heaters only using AHRI 1330P-2014. Since publication, AHRI determined that the testing methodology and the equipment needs to be revised to improve the accuracy of the IR Factor. The IR Factors with the new AHRI Standard could be markedly higher or lower. When the new AHRI Standard is published, the result shown above will be revised in accordance to the new AHRI Standard. MODEL INPUT BTU/HR TOTAL TUBE LENGTH (FT) DIMENSIONS OVERALL DIMENSION "L" (FT) REFLECTOR WIDTH "W" (IN) REFLECTOR HEIGHT "H" (IN) NXU 85-20 85,000 20' 13' 3" 28" 8 NXU 110-30 110,000 30' 18' 0" 28" 8 NXU 145-40 145,000 40' 23' 1" 28" 8 NXU 175-50 175,000 50' 28' 1" 28" 8 NXU 200-60 200,000 60' 33' 1" 28" 8 BOTTOM & END VIEWS CONTROL BOX / DRAFT INDUCER DUAL REFLECTOR DESIGN END VIEW BOTTOM VIEW Asymmetric Inner Reflector 8 END VIEW Outer Reflector

Models & Dimensions NXS Series Ideal for complete building applications. Designed for maximum Radiant Output for each given emitter tube length/ heater Input. Designed for maximum thermal efficiency extensive use of turbulators. Straight tubes are always hotter at the burner end than at the exhaust end. The NXS Series is not recommended for spot or area applications. MODEL* SINGLE STAGE BTU/HR INPUT MODELS BTU/HR HIGH INPUT TWO STAGE BTU/HR LOW INPUT GROSS RADIANT EFFICIENCY - USA RADIANT EFFICIENCY NET RADIANT EFFICIENCY - EU* IR FACTOR** NXS 50 50,000 50,000 32,500 50.6 56.2 11 NXS 85 85,000 85,000 50,000 64.4 71.6 13 NXS 110 110,000 110,000 71,500 60.4 67.1 13 NXS 145 145,000 145,000 88,500 65.0 72.2 13 NXS 175 175,000 175,000 114,000 62.4 69.3 13 NXS 200 200,000 200,000 125,000 61.3 67.1 13 *Tested in accordance with EN416-2 **IR Factor information provided for single stage heaters only using AHRI 1330P-2014. Since publication, AHRI determined that the testing methodology and the equipment needs to be revised to improve the accuracy of the IR Factor. The IR Factors with the new AHRI Standard could be markedly higher or lower. When the new AHRI Standard is published, the result shown above will be revised in accordance to the new AHRI Standard. MODEL INPUT BTU/HR TOTAL TUBE LENGTH (FT)* DIMENSIONS OVERALL DIMENSION "L" (FT) REFLECTOR WIDTH "W" (IN) REFLECTOR HEIGHT "H" (IN) NXS50-15 50,000 15' 17' 3" 13" 7" NXS85-20 85,000 20' 22' 3" 13" 7" NXS110-30 110,000 30' 33' 3" 13" 7" NXS145-40 145,000 40' 42' 3" 13" 7" NXS175-50 175,000 50' 52' 3" 13" 7" NXS200-60 200,000 60' 63' 3" 13" 7" *Additional 10' emitter tube lengths can increase the Radiant Output by only 1% or less (essentially acting as a flue pipe) with minimal benefits. BOTTOM & END VIEWS CONTROL BOX DRAFT INDUCER 18" L 9" 18" COMBUSTION AIR INTAKE 8½" OPENING FOR ELECTRICAL CONNECTION CONTROL BOX END VIEW 6" 13" DRAFT INDUCER BURNER SIGHT GLASS 1/2" MPT GAS PIPE CONNECTION LIGHTING & SHUTDOWN INSTRUCTIONS CLEARANCE TO COMBUSTIBLES LABEL ACCESS PANEL JUNCTION BOX FLUE RESTRICTOR PLATE 9

Control Options, Mounting Heights & Clearances CONTROL SUFFIX* TYPE OF GAS DESCRIPTION N5 / L5 NATURAL / PROPANE SINGLE STAGE GAS VALVE - SINGLE STAGE INPUT N7 / L7 NATURAL / PROPANE TWO STAGE GAS VALVE - MODULATING INPUT - HIGH/LOW FIRE *Indicate model number based on Btu/hr input (e.g. 110,000 Btu/hr), emitter length (e.g. 30 ft.). Control suffix (e.g. Natural Gas single stage input ). The unit selection for a U-tube configuration would be NXU110-30-N5 and NXS110-30-N5 for the straight tube configuration GAS TYPE BURNER SUPPLY PRESSURE PRESSURE MIN MAX GAS CONNECTION VOLTAGE AMPS IGNITION TYPE FLUE CONNECTION OUTSIDE COMBUSTION AIR CONNECTION NATURAL 3.5 W.C. 5 W.C.* 14 W.C. PROPANE 10 W.C. 11 W.C.** 14 W.C. 1/2" MPT 120 VAC 60 HZ 2.6 DIRECT SPARK 4" ROUND 4" ROUND * 7 W.C. for NXU/NXS (145-200) **12 W.C. for NXU/NXS200 NOTE: For all installations higher than 2000 ft. above sea level, please consult the factory regarding recommended derating of heaters. MODEL MINIMUM MOUNTING HEIGHTS NXS 50 12' NXU/NXS 85 13' NXU/NXS 110 15' NXU/NXS 145 18' NXU/NXS 175 19' NXU/NXS 200 21' MINIMUM CLEARANCES TO COMBUSTIBLES END SIDE CEILING BELOW HORIZONTAL SIDE END Minimum Recommended Mounting Heights This chart is intended as a guide only, as heaters may be mounted at various heights. Mount heaters as high as possible. Minimums are shown as a guideline for human comfort and uniform energy distribution for complete building applications. Please consult your local Space-Ray Representative for a detailed analysis of your particular infrared heating requirements. Minimum Clearances To Combustibles MODEL NO. SIDE CEILING* BELOW END NXS 50 32" 6" 56" 16" NXU/NXS 85 34" 6" 87 16" NXU/NXS 110 44" 6" 110" 20" NXU/NXS 145 46" 6" 114" 20" NXU/NXS 175 52" 6" 116" 20" NXU/NXS 200 52" 6" 116" 20" *When used indirect vented, clearances to ceiling from top of exhaust hood must be 12 on NXU/NXS85 and 18 on NXU/NXS110-200. Note: Consult factory if reduced clearances are required. Combustion Air And Ventilation Combustion air and venting requirements for all gas-fired heating equipment must be provided per the National Fuel Gas Code NFPA54 or the authority having jurisdiction over the installation. In contaminated atmospheres or high humidity areas, optional outside air for combustion can be supplied. Heaters can be common vented, vented, or indirect vented. Refer to the Installation and Operation Instructions for further information. A vented installation must be vented to the outside of the building with a flue pipe. An Indirect vented installation requires a minimum ventilation flow of 4 CFM per 1000 Btu/hr of total installed heater capacity on natural gas by either gravity or power ventilation (4.18 CFM per 1000 Btu/hr for propane). For indirect vented applications, building exhaust openings must be located above the level of the heaters and inlet air openings must be located below the level of the heaters. For Your Safety OPERATE SPACE-RAY GAS INFRARED HEATERS WITH PROPER CARE AND OBSERVE ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS. Installation and service must be performed by a licensed contractor. The installation must conform to Manufacturer's Installation and Operating Instructions or local codes. In the absence of local codes, the installation must conform to the National Fuel Gas Code ANSI Z223.1 (latest edition, also known as NPFA54) or CAN / CSA-B149 installation codes (latest edition). A Division of Gas-Fired Products, Inc. Solutions For Commercial & Industrial Heating, Since 1949 P.O. Box 36485 Charlotte, NC 28236 Telephone (800)438-4936 (704) 372-6391 Fax (704) 332-5843 www.spaceray.com email: info@spaceray.com Copyright 2014, GFP INC. 1401 FORM# S45400