SNC1P Electricity Practice Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which type of energy comes from the flow of charged particles? a. chemical b. thermal c. radiant d. electrical 2. Which of the following is a device that produces electricity by rotating a wire coil near a magnet? a. electrical energy distribution grid c. photovoltaic cell b. generator d. thermal generation 3. Which device changes light energy into electrical energy? a. solar panel b. wind turbine c. car engine d. light bulb 4. Which device changes mechanical energy into electrical energy? a. solar panel c. car engine b. wind turbine d. light bulb 5. A light bulb performs which energy transformation? a. thermal energy mechanical energy and light energy b. electrical energy thermal energy and light energy c. mechanical energy thermal energy and sound energy d. electrical energy mechanical energy and light energy 6. This circle graph shows how Ontario s electrical energy was generated in 2007. What percentage of Ontario s electrical energy was generated using non-renewable energy sources? a. 8 % b. 18 % c. 52 % d. 78 % 7. Which statement is correct about using fossil fuels as an energy source? a. Thermal generation using fossil fuels is much less expensive than other sources. b. Thermal generation using fossil fuels is a renewable energy source. c. Thermal generation using fossil fuels does not emit greenhouse gases. d. Thermal generation using fossil fuels does not cause air pollution. 8. Which statement is true about using nuclear fission as an energy source? a. Nuclear fission does not directly emit greenhouse gases. b. Nuclear fission is a renewable energy source. c. Nuclear fission is much less expensive than other sources. d. Nuclear fission does not cause air, water, or thermal pollution. 9. Which statement is true about the use of wind generation as an energy source? a. Wind is free and does not need to be transported. b. Wind does not cause air, land, or noise pollution. c. Wind farms only require a small area of land. d. Wind farms do not disrupt the appearance of a natural landscape.
10. A 1400 W dishwasher is used once each day for 2 hours. If the cost of electricity is $0.10 per kw h, what would be the cost per week (7 days) to run the dishwasher? a. $2.80 c. $1.96 b. $0.28 d. $14.00 11. A 1600 W hair dryer is used for 15 minutes each day. If the cost of electricity is $0.10 per kw h, what would be the cost per month (30 days) to run the hair dryer? a. $1.20 c. $0.04 b. $1.60 d. $0.40 12. Which statement is true about using fossil fuels as an energy source? a. Fossil fuels are a non-renewable energy source. b. Thermal generation using fossil fuels is much more expensive than other energy sources. c. Thermal generation using fossil fuels produces dangerous radioactive wastes. d. Thermal generation using fossil fuels disrupts the natural water flow pattern. 13. Which term describes electrical energy generated from falling water? a. thermal generation b. hydro-electric generation c. geothermal generation d. photovoltaic generation 14. Which term describes an object that has more electrons than protons? a. positively charged object c. neutral object b. negatively charged object d. none of the above 15. Which term describes an imbalance of electric charge at rest on the surface of an object? a. grounding c. direct current b. static electricity d. alternating current 16. Which term describes the charging of two neutral objects made of different materials by rubbing them together? a. charging by friction c. charging by induction b. charging by conduction d. grounding 17. Which term describes the process of removing charges from objects by contact with a large, neutral object? a. charging by friction c. grounding b. charging by conduction d. induced charge separation 18. Which term describes a material that allows electrons to move through it easily? a. conductor c. charged object b. insulator d. neutral object 19. Which term describes a material that resists or blocks the flow of electrons through it? a. insulator c. charged object b. conductor d. neutral object 20. Which term describes the flow of electricity through a conductor in a closed path? a. electric force c. electric discharge b. electric charge d. electric current 21. The object shown here has what type of charge? a. positive b. negative c. neutral d. none of the above
22. What will occur when the two objects shown here come in contact with each other? a. Electrons will move from the rod to the sphere. b. Electrons will move from the sphere to the rod. c. Protons will move from the rod to the sphere. d. Protons will move from the sphere to the rod. 23. Which of the following is a conductor? a. rubber b. quartz 24. Which of the following is an insulator? a. plastic b. aluminum c. wood d. nickel c. graphite d. human body 25. What type of electricity is transported by the electrical energy distribution grid? a. static electricity c. alternating current electricity b. direct current electricity d. electric discharge 26. What is lightning an example of? a. charging by conduction b. direct current electricity c. alternating current electricity d. electric discharge 27. When a negatively charged rod comes in contact with a neutral sphere, the rod transfers electrons to the sphere, which takes on a negative charge. What is this an example of? a. charging by friction c. charging by contact b. charging by induction d. grounding 28. Which statement is true about neutral objects? a. Neutral objects have more protons than electrons. b. Neutral objects have fewer protons than electrons. c. When a neutral object gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged. d. A neutral object becomes positively charged by gaining protons. 29. Which term describes a continuous path along which electrons can flow? a. load b. electric circuit c. ampere d. ammeter 30. Which term describes a control device that allows you to safely open or close a circuit? a. load c. energy source b. switch d. conductor 31. Which term describes a device that provides the electrical energy in a circuit? a. load c. energy source b. switch d. conductor 32. What is an electrical outlet an example of? a. load b. switch c. energy source d. conductor 33. What is a motor an example of? a. load b. switch c. energy source d. conductor
34. Which symbol represents an electric cell? a. c. b. d. 35. What does this symbol represent? a. electric cell b. three-cell battery 36. Which symbol represents a lamp? a. c. variable DC power supply d. connecting wire c. b. d. 37. What does this symbol represent? a. lamp b. electric motor 38. Which symbol represents a control device? a. b. 39. Which circuit diagram represents a series circuit? a. c. connecting wire d. closed switch c. d. c. b. d.
40. Which circuit diagram models a circuit with a two-cell battery, two lamps, and an open switch connected in series? a. c. b. d. 41. Which circuit diagram models a circuit with an electric cell, two lamps, and a closed switch connected in parallel? a. c. b. d. 42. Which material works well as an insulator in an electric circuit? a. rubber b. silver c. copper d. aluminum
Short Answer 43. Using the figure shown here, summarize how the electrical energy in our wall outlets is generated. 44. What steps do you think Ontario should take to become less dependent on non-renewable sources of energy? 45. What are some steps you already take in your daily life to reduce your consumption of energy? Based on the information in this chapter, is there anything else you could do to limit the amount of electrical energy you use daily?
46. You are choosing between two different dishwasher models. Both dishwashers have all the features you want. One dishwasher costs $25 more than the other, but has the Energy Start symbol on the label. Which dishwasher would you choose? Give an explanation for your answer. 47. A 1200 W dishwasher costs $420.00, while a similar 1600 W dishwasher costs $400.00. The dishwasher will be used approximately 2 hours each day. If the current cost of electricity is $0.13 per kw h, which dishwasher will cost more in the first year? Explain your answer. 48. How your life would be affected if there was no more electricity? 49. Which energy source do you feel is the best source of energy for Ontario? Give a reason for your answer. 50. Do you think people should produce their own electricity? Explain your answer.
51. Explain why batteries cannot provide for all of our electricity needs. 52. Create a diagram to explain what will happen when the rod and ball shown here are brought near each other. Justify your answer. 53. Create a diagram to explain what will happen when the rod and ball shown here are brought near each other. Justify your answer. 54. What is the Law of Electric Charges? Many students have difficulty remembering these rules. What method do you use to remember the Law of Electric Charges?
55. Explain what may cause you to feel a shock when you touch a metal doorknob. 56. Explain why your hair sticks to a plastic (polyethylene) comb. Use the triboelectric series. 57. Why does paper get attracted to a rubber balloon? Create a drawing to justify your answer. Use the triboelectric series. 58. Compare and contrast static electricity and current electricity. Use a Venn Diagram. 59. What type of circuit is shown here? Describe the components of this circuit. 60. Create a circuit diagram of a circuit with an electric cell, two lamps, and a closed switch connected in series.
61. What type of circuit is shown here? Explain your answer. 62. Create a circuit diagram of a circuit with an electric cell, two lamps, and a closed switch connected in parallel. 63. Many students have difficulty distinguishing between a series circuit and a parallel circuit. What method do you use to help determine the difference between the two types of circuits?
64. Create a circuit diagram of a circuit with an electric cell, four lamps, and a closed switch connected in parallel. 65. Create a circuit diagram of a circuit with a two-cell battery, two lamps, and an open switch connected in parallel. Multiple Choice Answer Section 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. A 12. A 13. B 14. B 1 1 5. B 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. A 41. C 42. A
SHORT ANSWER 43. At an electrical generating station, falling water or another source of mechanical energy spins a turbine that, in turn, spins coils of wire located between magnets. When the wire coil rotates near the magnetic poles of the magnets, the negatively charged particles in the wire are forced to move, generating electrical energy. This energy is then distributed to our homes through the electrical energy distribution grid. 44. Answers will vary. Possible answer: In 2007, Ontario was producing 22 % of its electrical energy with renewable energy sources. Hydro-electric generation and wind generation were already being used. I think Ontario should expand on these sources of energy currently being used. We could construct more hydroelectric generating stations and set up additional wind farms. Ontario should also explore other renewable energy sources, such as geothermal generation, photovoltaic generation, and thermal generation using biomass, to determine if any areas of Canada could benefit from these energy sources, as well. 45. Answers will vary. Possible answer: I already try to limit my energy consumption by using the sleep mode on my computer during the day and turning it completely off at night. I also limit my use of electrical energy by unplugging the charger for my cellphone, laptop, and MP3 player as soon as the device is finished charging. In the future, I can further reduce my consumption of electrical energy by using power strips to plug in my television, stereo, and DVD player and turning these strips off when I am not using the devices. I can also turn lights off when I am not in a room, take shorter showers, and switch to energy efficient light bulbs. 46. I would choose the more expensive model, with the Energy Star symbol. This means the product is more energy efficient. Even though the initial cost of the product is $25 more, this amount will quickly be recovered because of the lower cost to operate the dishwasher. Over time, the Energy Star model will actually save me money. 47. The 1600 W dishwasher for $400.00 will cost more in the first year. In addition to the initial charge of $400.00, it will cost $116.80 to run the dishwasher for approximately 2 hours each day for a year. The total cost of this dishwasher in one year is $516.80. The 1200 W dishwasher costs more initially, but the approximate operating costs will be just $87.60 each year. The total cost of this dishwasher for the first year is $507.60. 48. Answers will vary. Possible answer: We would have no lights, no air conditioning or heat, no water, and no television or Internet. Most of the appliances we rely on every day require electricity. Life would be drastically different without all the conveniences dependent upon electricity. 49. Answers will vary. Possible answer: I feel geothermal generation is the best alternative energy source for Ontario. Geothermal energy is always present in the Earth s crust. Geothermal fluids can be reheated and reused, and geothermal generation does not produce pollution or greenhouse gases. Geothermal heat pumps for an individual home or office are inexpensive and reliable. 50. Where it is possible, I think people should produce their own electricity through the use of solar panels or wind turbines. When people produce their own electricity, it reduces the demand on large power plants. It also reduces the amount of wiring and other construction needed because the generating source is at the same location as where the energy is being used. 51. Batteries can be used for smaller devices, such as a wireless mouse or a flashlight. These devices might be able to last several days on the amount of electricity provided by one or two batteries. Larger appliances, such as large televisions, heating and cooling devices, and vacuum cleaners would need far too many batteries to operate. The costs and the inconvenience of changing batteries would make the appliance unusable. 52.
The rod contains more electrons than protons; therefore, it is a negatively charged object. The ball contains more protons than electrons, making it a positively charged object. According to the Law of Electric Charges, objects with opposite charges attract each other. The rod and ball will attract each other. 53. The rod and ball both contain more electrons than protons, which means both objects have a negative charge. According to the Law of Electric Charges, objects with like charges repel each other. Therefore, the rod and ball will repel each other. 54. Answers will vary. Possible answer: The Law of Electric Charges states that objects with opposite charges attract each other, while objects with like charges repel each other. To remember the Law of Electric Charges, I remember the saying opposites attract. This reminds me that opposite charges attract, and like charges repel. 55. When you rub your socks across a carpet, electrons from the carpet may move to you. When you then touch a metal doorknob, the electrons can move from you to the doorknob. This is an electric discharge. You feel the shock and you may even see a small spark from the discharge. 56. Before you begin combing, the comb and your hair are both neutral. When your hair and the comb are rubbed together, the atoms in the plastic comb have a greater ability to attract electrons, causing some electrons to move from your hair to the comb. This makes the comb negatively charged and your hair positively charged. Since opposite charges attract, the hair sticks to the comb. 57. When you rub a balloon against your sweater, the contact causes the balloon to become negatively charged. The wall is neutral. When you bring the balloon near the wall, the electrons in the balloon repel the electrons in the wall. This causes some electrons in the wall to move away from the balloon. The part of the wall near the balloon is temporarily charged by induction. The positive charges on the surface of the wall attract the negatively charged balloon.
58. Static electricity is an imbalance of electric charge at rest on the surface of an object. Static means not moving. The electric charges stay in one place, until they all at once move to another object. Current electricity also has to do with electric charges, but with current electricity the charges are moving. Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor in a closed path. 59. This is a series circuit. The battery is the energy source. The alligator leads and wires are the conductor. The lamps are loads, and the knife switch is the control device. 60. 61. This is a parallel circuit. The lamps are arranged so that there is more than one path the electrons could follow. 62. 63. Answers will vary. Possible answer: To determine the difference between a series and a parallel circuit, I trace the path electrons would follow, without touching the circuit, starting from the energy source. If I can make it back to the energy source without coming to a branch in the path, I know it is a series circuit. If there is at least one branch, it is a parallel circuit.
64. 65.