Update on New Herbicide Options for Established Alfalfa Mick Canevari UCCE Emeritus
Weeds Affect Hay Quality Avg Yield 7 Tons/A Premium Good Fair $180/Ton= $150/Ton= $100/Ton= $1260/Ac $1050/Ac $700/Ac + $560/A + $350/A 0 Nov 2016 California Hay Report
Crop stunting Weeds No Weeds Stand loss
Smell, Flavor, Mexican Tea Fleabane Wild Celery Swinecress
Groundsel Fiddleneck Poison Hemlock High Nitrates
1. Crop Rotation Reduce weed & disease levels Grains
Weed management starts before planting. Compacted soil PH & Soil amendments Laser leveling Seedbed preparation
Weed control begins at planting Conditions that favor fast germination & growth. Irrigating up Rainfall unpredictable Seeding Dates Fall planting = Sept/October Spring planting= March/April
Weed Control Methods Mechanical Animal Chemical
Sheep Grazing
1. Gramoxone 2. 2,4D-B 3. Sharpen 4. Shark 5. Roundup 6. Poast 7. Raptor 8. Pursuit 9. Select 10. Velpar 11. Chateau 12. Prowl Pre 13. Karmex 14. Solicam 15. Sencor Post
Shark & Sharpen PPO herbicides inhibit chlorophyll development and destroy cell membranes PPO Inhibitors have limited translocation. PPO Inhibitors effect mostly broadleaf plants. PPO Inhibitors have little activity on grasses. PPO Inhibitors are contact & burn plant tissues within hours.
PPO Herbicide's don't control Perennial Weeds Can we control Dodder Quackgrass Dodder Dandelion Nutsedge
PPO herbicides burn foliage Gramoxone 14 DAT Shark 7 DAT Chateau 14 DAT Sharpen 7 DAT
Post Emergence- Weeds up but small. Burns broadleafs on contact- Not systemic. No soil residual- Crop rotation issues Labeled dormant & growing season use. Some yield loss between cuttings.
Shark 7 days after application
Alfalfa Shark Tolerance Trial Application Between Cuttings 2015 Rate: Prod/A. UTC Height 11DAT Height 17DAT Height 24DAT Shark EW 1.0 oz + Activator 90 Shark EW 2.0 oz + Activator 90 Shark EW 2.5 oz + Activator 90 Shark EW 1.0 oz + Herb Activator Shark EW 2.0 oz + Herb Activator Appl: 5-15-15 Activator 90 @ 0.25% V/V; Herbicide Activator @ 1.0% V/V. 0 5 10 15 20 25 INCHES MICK CANEVARI UCCE EMERITUS SAN JOAQUIN COUNTY
Alfalfa Shark Tolerance Trial Application Between Cuttings 2015 YIELD 24DAT Rate: Prod/A. UTC A 2556 Shark EW 1.0 oz + Activator 90 b 2143 Shark EW 2.0 oz + Activator 90 Shark EW 2.5 oz + Activator 90 b 1988 b 2031 Shark EW 1.0 oz + Herb Activator Shark EW 2.0 oz + Herb Activator b 1936 b 2168 LSD P=.05 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 Appl: 5-15-15 Activator 90 @ 0.25% V/V; Herbicide Activator @ 1.0% V/V. LB/Acre MICK CANEVARI UCCE EMERITUS SAN JOAQUIN
Sharpen Herbicide Active Ingredient saflufenacil Burndown Chemistry PPO Inhibitor, Group 14 Control of many toughest broadleaf weeds GROUNDSEL & FLEABANE Fast and Complete Controls broadleaf weeds fast Not effective on controlling grasses Excellent when utilized as a tank mix partner with soil residual herbicides in established alfalfa.
Sharpen Herbicide Broadleaf Weeds Controlled amaranth spp. beggarticks, hairy beggarweed, Florida bindweed, field* buckwheat, wild canola, volunteer carpetweed chamomile, mayweed chickweed, common cocklebur, common cockle, corn copperleaf, Virginia cowcockle dandelion* devil s-claw eclipta eveningprimrose, cutleaf filaree spp. fleabane, hairy galinsoga groundcherry, cutleaf groundsel, common jimsonweed knotweed, prostrate kochia lambsquarters spp. lettuce, prickly mallow, Venice marestail/horseweed melon spp. morningglory spp. mustard spp. nettle, burning nightshade spp. purslane, common pennycress, field pigweed spp. prickly sida/teaweed puncturevine ragweed, common & giant rocket, London sesbania, hemp shepherd s-purse smartweed spp. sowthistle spp. spurge spp. sunflower, common tansymustard spp. thistle, Canada* thistle, Russian velvetleaf waterhemp spp. willowweed *Control of seedling stage and suppression of perennial growth stage Performance may vary depending upon growth stage
Sharpen 2 fl oz +Velpar 32 fl oz + Prowl H2O 3 qts 50 Days after application Velpar 32 fl oz
Groundsel Fleabane Burning Nettle Rate: lbs ai/a. Sharpen.0445 Gramoxone SL.5 Chateau.128 Sharpen+Gramoxone.45+.5 Sharpen+Prowl H2O.045+1.9 Sharpen+Velpar.045+.5 Sharpen+Gramoxone+Prowl H2O.045+.5+1.9 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Application: 12-9-15 % Control 90 DAT
SHARPEN Untreated 7 days after application
Shark & Sharpen Trial ALFALFA WEED CONTROL 2017 120 14 DAT 100 % 80 60 40 20 0 Shark 2.5 oz Sharpen 1.0 oz Sharpen 2.0 oz Groundsel Shepherds Purse Chickweed An Bluegrass Fleabane Lodi Calif applied 12-6-2016
Sharpen & Shark will control Roundup tolerant weeds Fleabane Malva Nettle Purslane
The best weed control is still a healthy stand of alfalfa
Good Luck in 2017