Crossrail Clare Hebden; 12-13 September 2012
The Route
Fire Safety challenges of building 21km railway under a busy city Functional, safe and affordable railway Finding and obtaining space for : Stations, Tunnels & Cross passages Evacuation & assembly Intervention Ventilation
Funding Funding envelope is 14.8bn (Oct 2010) The Mayor of London (Transport for London (TfL) and the Greater London Authority (GLA)): 7.1bn Government, through Department for Transport: 4.7bn London Businesses (includes BRS, the City of London Corporation, BAA, Canary Wharf Group and Berkeley Homes): 4.1bn Network Rail upgrade: 2.3bn
Central Operating Section
Legislation and Approvals Crossrail carry out approvals in consultation with Stakeholders (London Fire Brigade, London Underground, Rail for London, and until 2012 NR) EU directives and TSIs UK legislation National Standards
Tunnels
Tunnels Central Tunnel new twin bore Thames Tunnel new twin bore Connaught Tunnel Victorian (1878) twin bore tunnel to become single bore
Escape, Access and Ventilation Evacuation and Intervention points: ~1km Cross-passages: ~500m intervals Tunnel walkways width: >850 Tunnel walkway height: at train floor Longitudinal ventilation, sized for 8.8MW
Intermediate Shafts
Firefighting Facilities Damp fire mains alongside running track in tunnels (includes platforms) and stations, designed to BS 9990 Fire mains for tunnel and stations will be separate systems Two 4-way breeching inlets at fire service access points (one for the tunnel, one for the station) Outlets will be provided in firefighting lobbies and at 60m intervals along the tunnel Fire hydrants within 50 m of fire vehicle stand point and 18m of the breeching inlets
Connaught Tunnel 550m long (108m twin bore, covered) Works enlarge the tunnel and strengthen the structure Cut & cover construction : dividing wall to be removed
Rolling Stock
Passenger Rolling Stock Specification Open Wide Gangway (OWG) model 200m trains, likely to be 10 or 12 carriages Upto 24 trains per hour in each direction, (upto 12 trains per hour for branch) Crush load for train is 2,060 passengers
General Design Concepts Designed to European Union Interoperability Regulations (Technical Specifications for Interoperability) for Passenger Rolling Stock Category Class 1a standard, as defined in BS 6853:1999 Automatic fire detection in saloon, drivers car and undercarriage (single knock) Designed to continue to next station in the event of a fire Modern communications between driver, Route Control Centre and Saloon
Works Trains Works / monitoring trains are not expected to operate on the Crossrail route during passenger hours, except occasionally with particular operating constraints. Rescue trains might pass through a station at any time to rescue a broken down train.
Stations
General principles for Evacuation ASET/RSET approach used, taking into account platform smoke ventilation Evacuation is based on peak-time platform with 1 missed headway, and Train Fire: 1 crush load train Station Fire: 1 blocked exit Number of fire safety measures, described later
Accessibility Stations to be accessible There will be evacuation and / or firefighting lifts Each platform refuge will have space for 2 wheelchairs. Rolling Stock will have evacuation chairs
Common Fire Safety Principles
Materials Fire Precautions (Sub-surface Railway Stations) legislation 2009, Regulation 8; LU materials standards Particular challenges: Glass with pvb interlayer for security against blast Compliant materials do not exist for all functions
Fire Detection and Alarm L5 Public circulation areas of stations: M; PAVA Back of house (non-public areas) in stations, shafts and ancillary buildings: L1/L2 ; sounders / beacons; or as amended by a fire risk assessment Platforms: automatic smoke detection to address means of escape Double knock except in unoccupied spaces
Emergency Lighting and Signage Trains Running Tunnels Portals EDNE signs
Suppression As determined by fire risk assessment: Fire Hazards and Likelihood Life Safety Business Continuity Firefighting Safety First aid firefighting equipment Fire mains
Structural Fire Resistance EUREKA curve for tunnel, including station box Building Regulations elsewhere
Communication Evacuation: PAVA/CIS/sounders/beacons Radio channel 5 for firefighting Telephones at intervention points
Smoke Ventilation Tunnels Platforms PES / doors Stair pressurisation Station concourses Back of house rooms (smoke clearance only)
Any Questions?? For more information: www.crossrail.co.uk