SMALL & MEDIUM TOWNS OF RAJASTHAN

SMALL & MEDIUM TOWNS OF RAJASTHAN

THE URBAN SCENE OF INDIA IS DESCRIBED AS: GALLOPING METROPOLISES TROTTING CITIES & LIMPING SMALL AND MEDIUM TOWNS 1

FUTURE URBAN SCENE The future Urbanization of India is going to be concentrated along TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS. The future 10 MEGACITIES of India would all be located on Golden quadrilateral. Out of these 10, as many as 6 would be located on the WESTERN CORRIDOR making it the most vulnerable area for development. Substantial portion of western corridor passes through the state of Rajasthan. 2

PRESENT Viz-a-Viz FUTURE 58 % area of the state falls under Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor. Major length of DFC passes through Rajasthan. Thus Rajasthan is going to be a potential state for urban development. This is the brighter side of the story. But if we consider the present position and factual urban figures, it presents a very dismal picture so far as small an medium towns are concerned. 3

As per 2011 census, urban population of Rajasthan is 170.80 Lacs which is 23.89% of state population with growth rate of 29.26% Urban Structure of Rajasthan 2001 S. No. Cl5ass of Towns No. of Towns Population (in lakh persons) 1. Class I (Above 1,00,000) 2. Class II (50,000 1,00,000) 3. Class III (20,000 50,000) 4. Class IV (10,000 20,000) 5. Class V & VI (Below 10,000) Growth rate % % of Total Urban Population 20 75.58 49.5 57.23 26 18.40 +34.1 13.94 90 27.47 +27.1 20.80 59 9.14-29.3 6.92 21 1.16-26.6 1.11 Total 216 132.05 31.17 100 Negative Growth rate for < 20,000 population towns Higher the size of settlement, higher the growth rate. 80% of all urban centers are small towns (<50,000 population) -by number 58% of the total urban population concentrated in class I cities. 4

Rajasthan Urban Centres-2001 Concentration of Urban Centers in Eastern part of the state. (due to desert in the west) Half of the districts of Rajasthan do not have any class I city. Service area of towns in western part extends up to 100-150 km. 5

RAJASTHAN A STATE OF SMALL & MEDIUM TOWNS The small and medium towns of the state need to be provided with proper physical, social, infrastructure and economic boost. OBJECTIVE: They should act as countermagnets for hinterland population to check the large flow of migration towards larger cities. 6

Indicators for existing level of development of small and medium towns of Rajasthan 1. Population growth rate. 2. Literacy rate. 3. Poverty condition. 4. Per capita water supply. 5. Percentage of population living in Kacchi Basties. 6. Percentage of families living in one room. Level of development assessed by statistical method and development score has been worked out. 7

Level of Development of Towns S.No. Level of Development No. of Towns Percentage 1. High Level (Score 20 and above) 28 14.3 2. Medium Level (16 20 score) 44 22.4 3. Low Level (10 15 score) 58 29.6 4. Very low Level (Below 10 score) 66 33.7 Total 196 100 As the level of development goes down, the number increases, i.e. level of development is inversely proportional to the number of towns. 8

LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOWNS Towns with high level of development include district head quarters or newly developed Mandi Towns of IGNP region. Medium level development towns are mostly those where IDSMT schemes have been implemented successfully or smaller towns of IGNP region. Low level development towns are mostly situated in comparatively backward districts. Very low level of development is observed in towns with low growth rate and sizeable population is migrating to big cities they lack economic activities and the small local bodies are unable to provide adequate infrastructure. 9

INITIATIVES: IDSMT scheme IDSMT GoI Scheme Progress of last 3 decades 78 towns covered Type of schemes taken up under IDSMT. Residential Commercial Bus/ Truck stand Road improvement schemes Total expenditure incurred Rs. 87.25 Crore which is hardly @ Rs. 1 Crore per town over a period of 30 years. Negligible impact. No economy generation. The level of development and census figures amply prove the minimal impact of IDSMT scheme. Dilution due to distribution of meager recourses spread over vast area. 10

INITIATIVES UIDSSMT Urban infrastructure development for small & medium towns, UIDSSMT- GoI scheme. Reforms driven project with adequate fund availability. 35 Towns of Rajasthan covered. Total approved cost Rs. 609.88 Crores. Few class I and mostly II class towns are covered under this scheme. Only 10 small towns figure in this list. No impact on small towns. 11

JAIPUR METROPOLITAN DISTRICT MASTER PLAN : Foot print of Jaipur District considered for balanced plan of Jaipur. Two scenarios considered. Unplanned urban growth of the region (District). Present situation 10 towns. By 2025 57 Additional new towns. (two class-iii, 17 class, IV and 38 class V towns). Result Poor quality of life in the entire region. 12

JAIPUR METROPOLITAN DISTRICT MASTER PLAN Planned approach Selective intervention 12 proposed satellite cities identified. With planned development these 12 can absorb substantial migration. Investment scenario These 12 satellite towns would require investment of Rs. 10000 Crores in next 15 years. But if this is not done, Jaipur would require over Rs.30000 Crores for new developments to absorb additional population. 13

State commission on urbanization Constituted / Notified in February 2011. Rajasthan -First state to constitute the state commission on urbanization. Objectives of the commission To examine various aspects of organization, prevailing acts, laws, bylaws having impacts on urbanization. To evolve and recommend policy frame work, priority action areas, projections for future meets etc. To recommend on institutional frame work for monitoring the effective implementation. Various working groups have been constituted. The problems and issues of small & medium towns would be addressed in this commission. 14

CONCLUSION : Rajasthan is a state of small and medium towns. Urban future of Rajasthan depends on healthy development of small and medium towns. No serious efforts have been made till date to improve quality of life nor any efforts to improve economy of these towns. Selective intervention would be better for developing small towns around major cities. High potential for developing new towns in areas of the state covered under DMIC. 15

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