Figure 17-1 Residential air conditioner (Image courtesy of Bryant Heating & Cooling Systems)

Figure 17-2 Commercial refrigeration Unit

Figure 17-3 Industrial process chiller

Figure 17-4 Basic refrigeration cycle of an R-410A air conditioning system

Figure 17-5 Water boils at 50 F under a vacuum

Figure 17-6 Cutaway of a piston (reciprocating) compressor (Courtesy Danfoss Inc.)

Figure 17-7 Cutaway of a rotary compressor

Figure 17-8 Cutaway of a centrifugal compressor (Photo courtesy of McQuay International)

Figure 17-9 Cutaway of a screw compressor (Courtesy of Carrier 2008 Carrier Corporation)

Figure 17-10 Cutaway of a scroll compressor (Courtesy Danfoss Inc.)

Figure 17-11 These two condensing units have the same cooling capacity; the larger unit is a higher efficiency unit

Figure 17-12 These two evaporators have the same cooling capacity; the larger coil is a new higher efficiency evaporator coil

Figure 17-13 Condensers: (a) Air cooled; (b) Water cooled; (c) Evaporative condenser, also called a sump

Figure 17-14 Natural draft condenser

Figure 17-15 The cups of the fan blades face the coil on a forced draft condenser

Figure 17-16 The cups of the fan blades face away from the coil on an induced draft condenser

Figure 17-17 The tube-in-tube single circuit condenser

Figure 17-18 Tube-in-tube multiple circuit condenser (Courtesy of Doucette Industries, Inc.)

Figure 17-19 The water and refrigerant travel in opposite direction in a counterflow heat exchange

Figure 17-20 Cross section of tube-in-tube coil

Figure 17-21 Schematic cross section of tube-by-tube coil

Figure 17-22 Operating evaporative condenser (Courtesy of Evapco, Inc.)

Figure 17-23 Capillary tube metering device

Figure 17-24 Orifice type metering device

Figure 17-25 The TEV bulb pressure is balanced by the evaporator pressure and spring pressure

Figure 17-26 Thermostatic expansion valve on high efficiency coil

Figure 17-27 Different types of evaporators; (a) Bare pipe; (b) Finned tube; (c) Plate

Figure 17-28 Cross section of typical finned tube coil construction

Figure 17-29 Evaporator coil drain pan

Figure 17-30 The fins are spaced wider apart on coils that operate below freezing

Figure 17-31 The suction line entering the compressor is the large line, the discharge line leaving the compressor is the small line

Figure 17-32 Suction and liquid lines on a residential split system air conditioner

Figure 17-33 Liquid refrigerant drains into the receiver, and vapor flows back to the condenser through the condensate line

Figure 17-34 Receiver tank as part of a refrigeration condensing unit (Courtesy Danfoss, Inc.)

Figure 17-35 Unevaporated liquid refrigerant flows into the accumulator; vapor refrigerant is drawn off the top of the accumulator. A screen covers the oil return port to prevent debris in the system from plugging the port; (a) Diagram

Figure 17-36 Simplified ammonia-water absorbtion cycle. The solution cycle is on the left; the refrigeration cycle is on the right (From Advanced Course in Gas Air Conditioning, 1965, courtesy of the Southern Gas Association in cooperation with the Texas College of Arts and Industries, Kingsville, Texas)

Figure 17-37 Evaporative cooler (Image property and courtesy of AdobeAir, Inc.)

Figure 17-38 Temperature difference between the two junctions creates a DC current flow

Figure 17-39 A DC current imposed across the two junctions creates a temperature difference

Figure 17-40 Modern thermoelectric modules use semiconductors to create the Peletier effect

Figure 17-41 Complete thermoelectric cooling module including heat sinks (Courtesy of Thermoelectric Cooling America (TECA) Corp.)