Carbon Dioxide Monitoring: Meeting the Code is No Longer an Option Speaker: Joshua Pringle Vice President of Business Development CO2Meter, Inc. Expected Learnings The Science of CO2 o What is it? o How does it act? o Why is it deadly? Real World Applications for CO2 Why are the codes changing? What are the new codes? Jurisdictional examples A peak at the technology for monitoring CO2 The Science of Carbon Dioxide? 1
A Carbon Dioxide Refresher? Two (2) Oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a Carbon atom Gas extraction and generation through natural and unnatural sources CO2 produced through combustion, fermentation, and through respiration A Carbon Dioxide Refresher? CO2 is measured in Parts Per Million or PPM A Carbon Dioxide Refresher? Gases are measured by their Mole Weight 2
A Carbon Dioxide Refresher? Gases are measured by their Mole Weight or Molecular Weight Webster defines the molecular weight as the mass of a molecule. It is calculated as the sum of the atomic mass of each constituent atom multiplied by the number of atoms of that element in the molecular formula. Gas Stratification The American Society of Chemists defines gas stratification as The extent to which heavier gases tend to collect at lower points relative to those that are lighter. How Many Forms of CO2 Exist? 3
Gaseous Dry Ice Liquid 4
Why is CO2 Deadly? Why is CO2 Deadly? ODORLESS COLORLESS TASTELESS Why is CO2 Deadly? Important Concentration Levels: 1% Impaired Cognition +1% Drowsiness +3% Mild Narcosis +5% Dizziness and Confusion +8% Unconsciousness +10% Fatality Average Ambient CO2 Concentration = 425 ppm OSHA TWA = 5,000 ppm avg. for 8 hours 5
Why is CO2 Deadly? Real World Applications Real World Applications Other Applications for Monitoring 18 CO2 6
Real World Applications Other Applications for Monitoring 19 CO2 Regulations and Codes 20 Regulations and Codes Why Now? 21 7
Regulations and Codes 22 Indoor Agriculture Beverage Dispensing 8
Beverage Dispensing By CO2 Storage Tanks By Bag In Box Rack Beer cooler Basement/Low Lying Areas Ideal Placement Ideal Placement Locating Devices Appropriately Approx. 1,500 sq. ft. per device coverage Confined Spaces own device Mount: sensing unit 18 inches from floor displays at eye level strobes at no lower than 6 ft. Protect against splash/spray Basements are highly susceptible 9
New Codes Requiring Monitoring New Codes Requiring Monitoring 2015 IFC Section 5307 calls for: Continuous Monitoring Local alarm 5,000 ppm first alarm 2016 NFPA Sections 55: Requires monitoring when more than 100 lbs. of gas is stored Required set points based on OSHA/NIOSH standards Incorporated in to most states Life Safety Standards NBIC 2015 Part 1 Supplement 3 calls for: **Note this is an update to the 2012 NBIC** Continuous monitoring Interior and exterior alarms First alarm at 5,000 ppm Second alarm at 30,000 ppm Additional Jurisdictional Requirements Knowing the Authority Having Jurisdiction Additional Requirements Strobes Ventilation Driver Fire Alarms Blenders Suggestion New Construction spec d devices are easier to approve Remodel check with the AHJ during plan review 10
Signage Signage by Code for Monitoring Devices ship standard with signage Multilingual Signage Different signage required for gas than for monitoring Key to Meeting the Codes Acceptance Understanding Proactivity New Codes Requiring Monitoring Education 11
A Peek at the Technology How does it work? 34 A Peek at the Technology What is NDIR? How does it work? 35 A Peek at the Technology 36 12
Major Manufacturers Analox CO2Meter LogiCO2 37 Referenced Incidents Rancho Santa Fe, CA Airgas Incident http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2015/08/25/carbon dioxide leakprompts hazmat situation at industrial park in santa fe springs/ Pooler, GA McDonald s Death http://savannahnow.com/news/2011 09 14/carbon dioxideblamed pooler mcdonalds death Sanford, FL McDonald s Death http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2005 02 12/news/0502120303_1_carbon dioxide central florida sanford Beverage Dispensing Phoenix, AZ McDonald s Incident https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ey H CMvw0 38 Thank you! 13