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COMPLETE STATICK G.K OF CHANDIGARH PART - 1

MAP OF CHANDIGARH

Chandigarh (Introduction) Chandigarh Located at the foothills of Shivaliks, it is known as one of the best experiments in urban planning and modern architecture in the twentieth century in India. Chandigarh derive its name from the temple of Chandi Mandir Located in the site selected for the city.

INTRODUCTION Before Partion of the India capital of Punjab was Lahore. After independence, Shimla was made the temporary capital of Punjab, though many of its offices were located in Ambala, Jalandhar or Patiala. In 1948 the central government decided to build a new capital Chandigarh for for divided Punjab therefore American planner and architect Albert Mayer was tasked to design a new city called "Chandigarh" in 1949.

Albert Mayer discontinued his work on Chandigarh after developing a master plan for the city when his architectpartner Matthew Nowicki died in a plane crash in 1 September 1950. Government officials recruited Le Corbusier to succeed Mayer and Nowicki. Chandigarh was the dream city of India s first Prime Minister, Sh Jawaharlal Nehru. copyright@ study iq All rights reservd

Its foundation stone was laid by Pandit jawaharlal Nehru in 2 April1952 at sector 9. Formal inauguration of Chandigarh - October 1953 by by President Dr. Rajendra Prasad The area was part of Kharar tehsil of the erstwhile Ambala district. Chandigarh was the first planned city of India. This city was LAST designed by French architect Le Corbusier. copyright@ study iq All rights reserved

Chandigarh was completed in 1960. Le Corbusier conceptualized Chandigarh as analogous to human body. The Head being Capitol Complex in Sector 1, Heart being City Centre Sector-17, Lungs being the open space and greenery. (Apart from the Chandigarh he also designed Bhubaneswar, the present day capital of Odessa. The city of Gandhi nagar was also designed by two architects, who were his pupils at Chandigarh). The seed of Chandigarh is well sown. It is for the citizens to see that the tree flourishes. Mon Le Corbusier

On 1 Nov 1966, the newly formed state of Haryana was carved out of the portion of Punjab in order to create a new state for the majority Haryanvi - speaking people, while the remaining portion Punjab retained a mostly Punjabi - speaking majority and was renamed as Punjab reorganized act 1966. Haryana state was formed on the recommendation of the Sardar Hukam Singh Parliamentary Committee. copyright@ study iq All rights reserved

On 23 April 1966, acting on the recommendation of the Hukam Singh Committee, the Indian government set up the Shah Commission under the chairmanship of Justice J. C. Shah, to divide and set up the boundaries of Punjab and Haryana. The commission gave its report on May 1966. According to this report the then districts of Hissar, Mahendragarh, Gurgaon, Rohtak, and Karnal were to be a part of the new state of Haryana.

Further the Tehsils of Jind, Narwana,Jagadhari also included. Under 18 th Amendment 1966 : Reorganized Punjab into Punjab, Haryana and UT Chandigarh to serve Capital of both states.

The chief Commissioner headed the administration of the Chandigarh till June 1984. Total 9 chief commissioner was there of Chandigarh 1966 to 1984. The first Chief Commissioner of Chandigarh was Dr. Mohinder Singh randhawa (1966 to 1968) and last Chief Commissioner was Krishana banerji (1982 to1984)

In 1984, this post was abolished and Governor of Punjab was given the additional charge of the administration of U.T of Chandigarh. Since then this setup is continuing. At present governor of Punjab V. P. Singh Badnore is also administrator of Chandigarh. First Administrator of Chandigarh was Bhairab Datt Pandey. copyright@ study iq All rights reserved

V. P. Singh Badnore is 35 th governor of Punjab. Chandigarh s Capitol Complex was in July 2016 declared by UNESCO as World Heritage at the 40th session of World Heritage Conference held in Istanbul. These are the 36 sites from India in the World Heritage by UNESCO. Ahmadabad' city of GUJRAT was the latest into the list ofworld Heritage FROM India IN July 2107. Chandigarh became the first smoke free city of India in 2007. copyright@ study iq All rights reserved

Chandigarh surrounding districts are of Mohali, Patiala and Ropar in Punjab and Panchkula and Ambala in Haryana. The nearby cities Mohali and Panchkula are very much mixed with the city Chandigarh, and together it is called TriCity. The language of education medium - Hindi, Punjabi. It is also called as a Pensioner's Paradise.

Chandigarh is bordered by the state of Punjab to the north, west and south, and to the state of Haryana to the east. Chandigarh is on north side of india. It is located 260 km (N) of New Delhi 229 km S-E of Amritsar and just 116 km S-W of Shimla. PIN 160XXX CH Vehicle registration CH-01 to CH-04

Chandigarh alone has 56 sectors, beyond which the sector count continues into Mohali, Punjab- a satellite city of Chandigarh. So, sector-57 onwards, all sectors lie in Mohali and not Chandigarh. The numbering starts from 1. There is no sector13.

Politics Present member of Parliament Kirron Kher (BJP). Prior to her, Mr. Pawan Bansal of Congress was MP from Chandigarh and first member of parliament from. 1 st Member of parliament from Chandigarh was Chand Goyal (BJS).

Chandigarh Municipal Corporation Founded in the year of - 1994 Head office sector 17 Total councilors 35 Out of which 26 Elected and 9 nominated. Mayor - Asha Kumari Jaswal Senior Deputy Mayor - Rajesh Kumar Gupta Deputy Mayor - Anil Dubey

Political Party Number of Councilors Bharatiya Janata Party 20 Shiromani Akali Dal 1 Indian National Congress 4 Independent 1 Nominated 9 Member of Parliament 1

Chandigarh Quick facts Latitude - 30 75 N longitude - 76.78 E Height (From MSL) 304 meter to 365meter Geographical Area - 114 sq. km Average Rainfall - 1110 mm Monsoon July September Temperature Summers 25-42 C Winters 3.6-23 C. Capital of - Punjab & Haryana Languages - Hindi, Punjabi & English

Chandigarh Censés data 2011 Total Population 10.55 Lakh. Urban Population 10.26 Lakh Male Population 5.80 Lakh Rural Population 0.29 Lakh Female Population 4.75 Lakh Density 9258 /sqkm Sex Ratio - 818

Chandigarh Censés data 2011 Male Literacy Rate 90% Female Literacy Rate 81.20% Number of Districts one Urban population 97.25% Rural Population 2.75% The total population growth 2001 to 2011-17.19 percent At the time of establishment of Chandigarh on 1nov 1966 population of Chandigarh was 1.198 lakh

Some more imp. Facts about Chandigarh Chandigarh is the 5 largest U.T according to area wise and Rank 34 th in India. On 1 st Position Andaman & Nicobar Islands 8248 sq km. According to population Chandigarh ranks 29 th. Originally Chandigarh was planned for total population of 5 lakhs.

Some more imp. Facts about Chandigarh In 2010, Chandigarh was reported to be the cleanest city in India. In 2015, LG Electronics ranked Chandigarh as the happiest city in India over the happiness index. Chandigarh placed 2nd in 2016 cleanest cities in India. Chandigarh has been placed at No. 11 position in the 2017 list of cleanest cities of India as per the survey of Swachh Sarvekshan 2017.

The state tree of Chandigarh. Blue Jacaranda.

State bird of Chandigarh. Indian grey hornb ill.

State animal of Chandigarh. Indian grey mongoose

Emblem of Chandigarh state Open Hand.

English Official language of Chandigarh State

The state flower of Chandigarh. Dhak

Notable people from Chandigarh Milkha Singh - Commonwealth gold medalist. Kapil Dev - former Indian international cricketer Jaspal Bhatti - Padma Bhushan Awardee, Film and TV Actor Yuvraj Singh - Indian international cricketer Jeev Milkha Singh - professional Golfer Binny Bansal - Founder of Flipkart Sachin Bansal - Founder of Flipkart.

Ayushman Khurrana - Indian Film actor Yami Gautam - Indian film actress Gul Panag - Indian film actress Nek Chand - Indian artist and creator of the Rock Garden of Chandigarh Sabeer Bhatia - Indian-American Entrepreneur who founded Hotmail

Places of interest Sukhna Lake Rock Garden Rose Garden Parrot Bird Sanctuary Chandigarh Leisure Valley

Sukhna Lake Location: In the foothills of Shivalik range Highlights: Manmade lake The lake was created by Le Corbusier and the Chief Engineer P L Verma. Sukhna Lake is a beautiful lake that lies in the foothills of Shivalik range. Chandigarh Administration has finalized a new plan for Sukhna Lake and New Lake in Sector 42

It is a 3 km long lake that was created in the year 1958. Sukhana Lake of Chandigarh, India has become an integral part of the city. Sukhna Lake is the venue for many festive celebrations. The most popular is the Mango (JUNE) Festival held during the monsoons Sukhna Lake itself hosts a large number of gardens including the Garden of Silence.

Rock Garden Is situated in the middle of the Capitol Complex and the Sukhna Lake in Sector 1. It is also known as Nek Chand Rock Garden after its founder. It has numerous sculptures made by using a variety of different discarded waste materials like frames, mudguards, forks, handle bars, metal wires, play marbles, porcelain, auto parts. Nek Chand himself went up the Shivalik hills and got different stones and materials with which he started building the garden in 1957. TOTAL AREA 40 ACRES

Rose Garden Zakir Hussain Rose Garden or simply Rose Garden, is named after the former President of India, Zakir Hussain. It is situated in Sector 16. The garden is known to be the greatest of its types in Asia. Chandigarh GOVERNMENT holds Rose Festival in Zakir Hussain Rose Garden from 21st February to 23rd February every year that portrays 1000s of sub species of roses.

A large number of tourists are reported to be in the city to attend the event. The garden is said to be spread about thirty to forty acres containing nearly 1600 varieties of roses in it and more than 32,500 varieties of other medicinal plants and trees. Area30 Acres Opened1967 Founder Mohinder Singh Randhawa

Parrot Bird Sanctuary Chandigarh Parrot Bird Sanctuary Chandigarh is a bird sanctuary which is located in sector 21 Chandigarh India. It is notified under Section 18 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. It is habitat of thousands of parrots. It is the second wildlife sanctuary in the city after Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuar.

Other destinations Other tourist destinations include The New Lake in Sector 42 Capitol Complex in Sector 1 City Centre in Sector 17 Open hand monument in Sector 1

Le Corbusier Centre in Sector 19 Government Museum and Art Gallery in Sector 10 International Doll Museum in Sector 23 Sree Chaitanya Gaudiya Math in Sector 20.

Garden Garden of Fragrance in Sector 36 Garden of Palms in Sector 42 Butterfly Park in Sector 26 Valley of Animals in Sector 49 Japanese Garden in Sector 31 Terraced Garden in Sector 33 Shanti Kunj Garden in Sector 16 Other tourist destinations Mata Mansa Devi Mandir, Pinjore Gardens, Morni Hills, Nada Sahib, ChattBir Zoo