Relevance of standards for tractors and agricultural machinery Antoon Vermeulen, CNH Belgium NV June 2012 12 pages
Standards in the legislation of the EU New Approach legislation in the European Union (EU): Directives (2012/xxx/EU) or Regulations (xxx/2012) of the EU are: Mandating Member States (27 MS) to adopt in their national law Ensuring free trade and circulation of products Eliminating economic barriers Providing a minimum, but guaranteed level of safety of products Stipulating only Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSR) Referring to Harmonized Standards for the technical details example: Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC : safety of machinery 2
Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC: Article 6: Freedom of movement Article 7: Presumption of conformity and harmonized standards 3
Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC: Article 10: Procedure for disputing a harmonized standard 4
Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC: Article 11: Safeguard clause Where a MS ascertains that machinery covered by this Directive is liable to compromise the health and safety of persons it shall take all appropriate measures to withdraw such machinery from the market, to prohibit the placing on the market or to restrict free movement thereof The MS shall immediately inform the Commission and the other MS of any such measure, indicating whether the non-conformity is due to: (a) failure to satisfy the essential requirements referred to in Article 5(1)(a); (b) incorrect application of the harmonized standards referred to in Article 7(2); (c) shortcomings in the harmonized standards themselves referred to in Article 7(2) The Commission shall enter into consultation with the parties concerned without delay The Commission shall consider, after this consultation, whether or not the measures taken by the MS are justified, and it shall communicate its decision to the MS which took the initiative, the other MS and the manufacturer 5
Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC: Conclusion: when the harmonized standards are covering all relevant EHSR s for a particular machine and when the machine is designed and build according to the requirements of these harmonized standards then: the machine obtains presumption of conformity with the Machinery Directive in case of conflicts, market surveillance authorities must challenge the standard, rather than the manufacturer of the machine 6
Harmonized standards: must be published in the OJEU (Official Journal of the EU) must bear the prefix EN (European Norm) or EN ISO (Vienna agreement) must have an Annex ZA, granting the presumption of conformity Vienna agreement: standards drafted under ISO leadership can be adopted as EN and vice - versa our industry, due to its global nature, prefers ISO standards ISO/TC23 is the Technical Committee within ISO dealing with tractors and agricultural machinery CEN/TC144 is the Technical Committee within CEN dealing with tractors and agricultural machinery most standards for tractors and agricultural machinery are drafted under ISO leadership and adopted as EN by a parallel voting process future EU type approval processes for tractors will also refer to ISO standards 7
ISO/TC23: tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry organised by Sub Committees (SC) SC 2 : common test methods (eg ROPS standards) SC 3 : safety of machinery SC 4 : tractors (including standards with dimensional requirements) SC 7 : harvesting SC 14 : symbols and safety pictorials SC 19 : electronics (eg ISOBUS and safety of control systems) ISO standards are developed within a SC or by a Working Group within a SC 8
Organisation of the ISO standards drafting process stages during the development: NWIP > WD > CD > DIS > FDIS > ISO ISO members are attending the meetings, chaired by a chairman and secretary ISO members are: DIN, AFNOR, BSI, CUNA, ANSI, CSA, NBN, AENOR etc number of representatives per member not limited, but only one voice, one vote per member hence the need for national meetings of the members prior to the SC meeting, in order to define their positions stakeholders within a member body: industry and its associations, government (occupational safety authorities), insurance institutions, market surveillance, trade unions, consumers, universities, test stations etc decisions during the meetings are based on consensus where possible, by a vote called by the chair where needed final decision on the complete standard (pass or fail) by majority among the voting members parallel process, with the involvement of a CEN consultant, to adopt as EN harmonized standard 9
List of interesting standards (not exhaustive) ISO/TC199 safety of machinery EN ISO 12100: principles of safety and risk assessment EN ISO 13857: safety distances upper and lower limbs EN ISO 13849: safety (reliability) of control systems ISO/TC23/SC2: common tests ISO 3776: seat belt and anchorages ISO 5007: operators seat (vibrations) ISO 5008: artificial track for measuring WBV ISO 5131: measuring driver perceived noise ISO 5674: testing of PTO shaft guards ISO 5700: testing of ROPS structures ISO 14269: testing of cab filtration systems ISO 27850: testing of FOPS structures 10
List of interesting standards ISO/TC23/SC3: safety & comfort EN ISO 4254-1: agricultural machinery safety - general EN ISO 4254-x: safety for a particular machine (parts 5 to 14) ISO 15077: controls design operating force - safety ISO/TS 28923: design of guards for moving transmission parts (EN 15811) ISO 10975: auto-guidance systems safety ISO/TC23/SC4: tractors ISO 500: tractor PTO - dimensions and guards ISO 730: 3 point lifting system categories and dimension ISO 5673: PTO shafts dimensions of guards ISO 5692: hitches on tractors ISO 6489: hitches on trailers ISO 16154: lighting and signalling ISO 26322: tractors safety - general 11
List of interesting standards ISO/TC23/SC6: crop spraying equipment many standards (safety environment - inspection coding) ISO/TC23/SC14: symbols and safety pictorials ISO 3600: operators manual ISO 3767: symbols for controls and displays ISO 11684: safety pictorials ISO/TC23/SC19: electronics ISO 11783: ISOBUS (14 parts today) ISO 15003: environmental testing of electronic devices ISO 25119: safety (reliability) of E/E control system 12
Thank you for listening, any questions? Suggestion: subscribe to your national standardization body! 13