Uses of NFIRS. The Many Uses of the National Fire Incident Reporting System

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FA 171 / June 1997 Uses of NFIRS The Many Uses of the National Fire Incident Reporting System Federal Emergency Management Agency United States Fire Administration National Fire Data Center

USES OF NFIRS The Many Uses of the National Fire Incident Reporting System June, 1997 Federal Emergency Management Agency United States Fire Administration National Fire Data Center )$-XQH 7KLVSXEOLFDWLRQZDVSURGXFHGXQGHUFRQWUDFW(0:&E\ 7UL'DWD &RUSRUDWLRQIRU WKH 8QLWHG6WDWHV)LUH$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ)HGHUDO(PHUJHQF\0DQDJHPHQW$JHQF\$Q\LQIRUPDWLRQ ILQGLQJVFRQFOXVLRQVRUUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVH[SUHVVHGLQWKLVSXEOLFDWLRQGRQRWQHFHVVDULO\UHIOHFW WKH YLHZV RI WKH )HGHUDO (PHUJHQF\ 0DQDJHPHQW $JHQF\ RU WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV )LUH DGPLQLVWUDWLRQ

7$%/(2)&217(176 INTRODUCTION...1 HOW NFIRS WORKS...1 HISTORY OF NFIRS PARTICIPATION...2 STATE USES OF NFIRS...3 LOCAL USES OF NFIRS...4 U.S. FIRE ADMINISTRATION USES OF NFIRS...6 OTHER FEDERAL AGENCY USES OF NFIRS...8 U. S. CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION USES OF NFIRS...9 THE CENTER FOR FIRE RESEARCH...12 THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION...12 PRIVATE INDUSTRY USES OF NFIRS...12 THE COURTS AND LAW FIRMS...14 NONPROFIT FIRE-RELATED ORGANIZATIONS...15 THE MEDIA...16 ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS...17 PUBLIC FIRE EDUCATORS...17 THE FUTURE OF NFIRS...18 CONCLUSION...20

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ow NFIRS Works 7KH86)LUH$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ86)$DQGWKH1DWLRQDO)LUH,QIRUPDWLRQ &RXQFLO1),&MRLQWO\PDQDJH1),561),&LV DXVHUV JURXSFRPSULVHGRI YROXQWHHUVZKRGRQDWHWKHLUWLPHWRPDLQWDLQWKHH[LVWLQJV\VWHPDQGUHVHDUFK DQGLPSOHPHQWFKDQJHVWRLPSURYHLW7KHPHPEHUVRI1),&FRPHIURPVWDWH DJHQFLHVDQGPHWURSROLWDQILUHGHSDUWPHQWVUHVSRQVLEOHIRUILUHGDWDFROOHFWLRQ 1

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istory of NFIRS Participation %HFDXVH1),56LVDYROXQWDU\V\VWHPQRWDOOVWDWHVRUILUHGHSDUWPHQWV ZLWKLQVWDWHVSDUWLFLSDWH,QRQHRIWKHHDUO\\HDUVRIWKHV\VWHPVWDWHV UHJXODUO\UHSRUWHGGDWDWRWKH1DWLRQDO)LUH'DWD&HQWHUDQGRWKHUVKDGGDWD V\VWHPVLQVRPHVWDJHRIGHYHORSPHQW6LQFHWKHQSDUWLFLSDWLRQKDVLQFUHDVHGWR LQFOXGHMXULVGLFWLRQVLQVWDWHVDQGRYHURIWKHPRUHWKDQ86ILUH GHSDUWPHQWVUHSRUWWR1),56,WLVHVWLPDWHGWKDWRIDOOILUHVWKDWILUH 2

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)LJKWILUHZLWKIDFWV Recently, your community was struck by fire and someone died. The U.S. Fire Administration advises that 80 percent of all fire deaths and injuries are preventable. More than 4,500 Americans die each year in fires and more than 30,000 were injured. Many of them might be alive today had they had the information they needed to survive when disaster struck. Did you know that over seventy percent of all fire deaths occur in the home. And that most of those fires can easily be prevented. Deaths due to not being able to escape a fire are particularly avoidable. Following these simple tips can boost survival rates dramatically. For example, having a working smoke detector more than doubles one s chances of surviving a fire. The following fire tips are offered by the fire administration. v Escape planning 1. Make sure everyone in the family knows two routes to escape from bedrooms. 2. Buy a collapsible ladder for escape from upper story windows. 3. Keep the fire department's number by the phone. 4. Have a flashlight by your bed to help you see, and a whistle to alert your family. 5. Practice feeling your way out of the house with your eyes closed. 6. Never open doors that are hot to the touch. 7. Teach your family to stop, drop to the ground and roll if their clothes catch fire. 8. Designate a meeting place outside and take attendance. 9. Remember to escape first then call the fire department. 10. Install a smoke detector on every level of your home. Check the batteries every month and change them at least once a year. v Smoke detectors 1. Place a smoke detector on each level of your home and in all outside bedrooms. 2. Check smoke detectors monthly by pushing the test button. If you can't reach the button easily, use a broom handle. 3. Change the batteries in your detector twice a year. perhaps when you change your clocks for Daylight Savings Time. 4. Teach children what the smoke detector sounds like and what to do-leave the building immediately by crawling under the smoke-when the hear it sound. 5. If cooking smoke sets off the detector, do not disable it. Turn on the range fan, open a window or wave a towel near the detector. 6. Do not remove the batteries to put in other appliances such as personal stereos or games. 7. Smoke detectors wear out over time. Replace yours if it is 10 years old or more. 8. Consider buying a lithium-battery powered smoke detector which will operate for 10 years and is sealed so it can't be tampered with or opened. For more information on how to prevent fire deaths please contact your local fire chief or the U.S. Fire Administration at (800)238-3358. Tips are available on alternative heaters, appliance safety, arson, careless smoking, children and fire, cooking fires, escape planning, seniors and fire, smoke detectors, and winter fires. (From a United States Fire Administration news release) 23