Domestic Architecture Individual Homes Designed and developed for climate concerns, aesthetic preferences and cultural choices. Housing for the wealthy has also proven to be more spacious and livable. Here we look at individual domestic homes of the last 130 years.
Victorian Homes Late 19 th C early 20 th C Row houses in group living were modeled after the Victorian-era home in Britain. Characteristics included ornate designs on balconies, windows and rooflines. Homes, such as these, were purchased by upper and middle class families and were a status symbol.
Art Nouveau 1895-1905 Art Nouveau Style developed mainly in Europe. Wavy, curvy lines was the main design component. Villa Ruggei, Italy 1902-07 Victor Horta Hotel Tassel, Paris 1900
Art Nouveau Style Antoni Gaudí Casa Batlló 1904-1906 Barcelona A redesigned building from a 1877 building by Emili Sala Cortés, one of Gaudí teachers for Lluís Sala Sánchez. Josep Batlló bought the building in 1900.
Antoni Gaudí Casa Batlló Foyer and stairs
Art Nouveau Style This 21 st Century apartment was designed in the Art Nouveau Style with authentic 19 th Century furniture shipped from Europe Interior NYC 2006
Charles Greene and Henry Greene Blacker House 1910 Pasadena, California The Arts and Crafts Movement was started in Britain by William Morris. This movement brought together artists and craftsmen. They had hoped to create a style that all would like and could afford.
Arts & Crafts Movement Early 20 th C Charles & Henry Greene Greene and Greene The Greene Brothers continued to develop the Arts & Crafts Movement in Pasadena, California. Rectilinear lines, simple furniture and a Japanese flair on stained glass windows and light fixtures was a rejection to the ornate styles of Revivalist Architecture of the late 19 th Century. Duncan-Irwin House 1903 Pasadena, California
Arts & Crafts Bungalow A less-costly residential home developed from Arts & Crafts Movement call the Bungalow which spread across the United States. It became so popular in California, that reference to all bungalows today are usually referred to as the California Bungalow. Many bungalows can be seen in areas of San Diego, such as Mission Hills, Golden Hills and Chula Vista.
Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright has been the most influential American architect in the 20 th Century. Here you can see how his style transformed from the current style of the day into his own unique design. Both these homes were built in the same year. Walter Gale House Oak Park, Illinois 1893 William H. Winslow House River Forest, Illinois 1893
Frank Lloyd Wright Willits House 1902 Highland Park, Illinois Frank Lloyd Wright was the premier architect in the United States. His buildings have influenced generations of architects. Wright s homes have the following characteristics: -low-pitched roofs. -wide over-hanging eaves. -dominate horizontal lines and planes. -strips of repetitive windows.
Wright would design everything for the home, including the stained glass windows, furniture and rugs. He would also place the furniture. Wright s homes are something to experience to truly understand the idea of great space and design in architecture. Frank Lloyd Wright Frederic C. Robie House 1906-08 Chicago, Illinois (8)
Frank Lloyd Wright Charles Ennis House Los Angeles 1923
Wright did a small series of homes in the 1920s in the Hollywood Hills made of prefabricated concrete panels with a Mayan motif. He was aiming for more affordable housing with good design. Frank Lloyd Wright Storer House 1924 Hollywood, California
Gerrit Rietveld Schröder House Netherlands 1923
Modern Architecture Le Corbusier Villa Savoye 1929-30 Paris surburb A world-class historical home representing the modern style.
Le Corbusier / Villa Savoye Modern Architecture included large plate-glass windows, steel-frame and reinforced concrete, clean surfaces and modern furniture
Frank Lloyd Wright Fallingwater 1936-37 Bear Run, Pennsylvania (1)
Fallingwater is considered Wright s most famous design. Using reinforced concrete on the cantilevered balconies, indigenous stone and a main room with a central fireplace. Frank Lloyd Wright Fallingwater Kaufman House 1936-37
Modern Architecture Philip Johnson Glass House 1950 New Canaan, Connecticut Mies van der Rohe s Barcelona Chair Other architects embraced the modern style, creating well-known masterpieces, such as this home by Johnson.
Mies van der Rohe developed the architectural saying of Less is More. He and other architects believed you got more by having less clutter, less ornate details. Clean, open surfaces with plenty of light was essential. Less is More dictum Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Farnsworth House 1951 Plano, IL
Luis Barragán Casa Gilardi Mexico 1975-77 Architects in other countries embraced the modern style as seen in this uniquely designed home in Mexico City.
Robert Venturi Postmodern Architecture After fifty years of the modern style being forced onto the American people, Robert Venturi rejected modernism for more decorative details. He developed a new architectural saying of Less is a Bore to encourage architects to move away from the modern sleek styles. Postmodern can be wide-ranging and eclectic. It can represent historical styles and/or regional styles. Postmodern also included modern materials used in such a way as exposing air-conditioning ducts & ceilings and bare concrete floors & walls. house in Vail, Colorado 1975 house in Delaware 1978
Postmodern Architecture Reviving historical and regional styles Robert A.M. Stern Residence, East Hampton, NY 2004
Frank Gehry Gehry House, Los Angeles 1978 Deconstructivist Architecture Frank Gehry, a leading architect of today, pushed the boundaries a bit more than Postmodern and started to add and change building designs. He rejected established professional conventions of what a building should look like and designed disoriented and irregular spatial relationships. Deconstructivist Architecture aims to shakes a viewer s expectations of what a building should look like.
Shipping Container Home A newer cost-efficient home in the 21 st Century is gaining ground to reuse existing materials.
Michelle Kaufmann mksolaire Home Chicago 2008 Pre-fabricated, modular &energy efficient homes. The 2,500-sq.-ft. mksolaire smart home includes a lush living roof, a solar-electric generation system and a rain-water collection system. Strategically placed windows flood the space with natural light, revealing a bright and airy interior.