MEC, 4º ano, 1º sem, 2011-12 Desafios Ambientais e de Sustentabilidade em Engenharia Landscape, Lifestyles, Livelihoods Triple helix of sustainability 13ª aula Maria do Rosário Partidário TODAY FUTURE 1
http://brasilbelo.blogspot.com/2009/01/as-maiorescidades-do-mundo-em-populao.html TODAY FUTURE 2
HOJE FUTURO New lifestyles New consumers Open spaces Recreation and leisure New concepts of distance, trips and mobility Independency, isolation vs social interaction Farming in city Zero waste and emmissions http://vi.sualize.us/urbanarbolismo/farm/ New sustainability paradigm is beyond triple bottom-line 3
World in transition Driving forces and trends (I) Growth (population + activities) - exploration of natural resources Population changes - impacts on local landscapes, lifestyles, economies and social contexts World in transition Driving forces and trends (II) A world centred in the exploration of natural resources (e.g. forestry, cattle breeding, mining) in transition to a world that explores regional amenities (e.g. climate, landscape, open spaces, independency) Landscape that sustains a livelihood (e.g. mining or dense residential landscape) in transition to a world that offers a lifestyle (e.g. natural areas for leisure and sports, urban diversity) 4
Sustainable Cities Intelligent Cities Creative Cities Innovative Cities - Triple Helix: Landscapes, Lifestyles, Livelihoods More constructive than triple bottom-line (Campbell, 2006, Australian Government, Land&Water Australia) - Where nature meets culture - Where landscape are social constructions - Beyond ecological apartheid - Managing natural resources means managing people - Engages values, perceptions, expectations, behaviours 5
Sustainable vision - interconnectivity Landscape - to think about people and its activities as part of the physical environment Lifestyle - it is not only to have a job, it is the capacity to chose the lifestyle in a given social and physical context Livelihood - source of income, related to conservation of resources, community-based living Landscape Lifestyle Livelihood Landscape 6
Landscapes Physical and chemical factors such as air, water, soil pollution and due diligence Biological factors e.g. Disease vehicles (e.g. malaria) Noise, vibrations, radiation, humidity (buildings), etc Safety aspects (disasters, risks, transports, safety at work) Lifestyle 7
Lifestyles Physical exercise Recreation and leisure Open spaces Distances, travel and mobility Independency, isolation vs social interaction Work relationships Livelihood 8
Livelihoods Education Employment Labour and income Labour security Social cohesion/social capital/social networks Criminality, violence and social safety Triple Helix - Landscapes, Lifestyles, Livelihoods - Impacts on Sustainable Construction Planning - efficiency metrics - spatial planning and design, icons versus rational buildings, planning for happiness (new well-being indicators: GNH: gross national happiness instead of GNP) Construction - materials, labour, waste, exploring building and infra-structures, green building Demolition or reconstruction - act upon the existent but avoid repairs - create value (rehabilitation), minimize waste, lean management 9
Landscape, Lifestyle, Livelihoods Key values in strategies for a sustainabile livelihood: Knowledge, health and work capacity Natural values are livelihood basis (e.g. land, water, biodiversity, other environmental resources) Physical production means and basic infra-structures (transport, shelter, energy and communication) Financial resources available for people (savings, credit, regular financial inputs, pensions) Social networks, group associations, trust and access to collective institutions Cultural values - identity, meaning of good life and means of enabling basic human needs that are culturally feasible (e.g. subsistance, protection, careness, participation, free time, freedom). What delays sustainability? Ignorance regarding methods and the effects of our actions: e.g. Climate change debate, limits of growth, the slow impacts on health Reaction time: political and social changes happen more slowly than technology and economy Need for an integrated approach, rather than a trade-off approach 10
F. Almeida, 2007, Desafios da Sustentabilidade (Sustainablity challenges) Way of thinking and doing Natural resources need to be perennial - ruin of planetary ecosystems is business ruin Do business with the poor - move beyond the comfort zone of producing only for those already in the market Ethical behaviours bring economic benefits President Brazilian Business Council for Sustainable Development F. Almeida criticizes: Social corporate responsibility - kind of filantropy Continous improvement - innovation is missing Path to sustainability: inovation, cooperation, sustainable survival and inclusive capitalism Final message 1. Sustainability is the great challenge of our time - and we are its key players 2. Business as usual is not an option 3. We will not reach unknown places if we keep using the same usual routes 4. Futures Thinking.Today s action 11