Water Cycle ARC-452 DESIGN VI: INTEGRATION A5 ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM BURGENER SIMON YANGCHUAN SUN

Water Cycle ARC-452 DESIGN VI: INTEGRATION A5 ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM BURGENER SIMON YANGCHUAN SUN

Table of Content Overview Protect and Conserve Water Sustainable Drainage System Green Roof Green Wall Rain Garden Bioswales Reference

OVERVIEW --- SUSTAINABLE DESIGN Building construction and operations can have extensive direct and indirect impacts on the environment, society, and economy, which are commonly referred to as the 3 P's ('People', 'Planet', 'Pocketbook'). The field of sustainable design seeks to balance the needs of these areas by using an integrated approach to create win-win-win design solutions. Buildings use resources (energy, water, raw materials, and etc.), generate waste (occupant, construction and demolition), and emit potentially harmful atmospheric emissions. Building owners, designers, and builders face a unique challenge to meet demands for new and renovated facilities that are accessible, secure, healthy, and productive while minimizing their impact on society, the environment, and the economy. Ideally, building designs should result in net positive benefits to all three areas.

PROTECT AND CONSERVE WATER In many parts of the country, fresh water is an increasingly scarce resource. A sustainable building should use water efficiently, and reuse or recycle water for on-site use, when feasible. The effort to bring drinkable water to our household faucets consumes enormous energy resources in pumping, transport, and treatment. Often potentially toxic chemicals are used to make water potable. The environmental and financial costs of sewage treatment are significant. One component of these water conservation measures, amongst many others, is to use rainwater and greywater (water from sinks, baths and showers), as a source of water to reduce the use of, or reliance upon, the mains water supply.

SUSTAINABLE DRAINAGE SYSTEM A sustainable drainage system (SuDS) is designed to reduce the potential impact of new and existing developments with respect to surface water drainage discharges. By mimicking natural drainage regimes, SuDS aim to reduce surface water flooding, improve water quality and enhance the amenity and biodiversity value of the environment. SuDS achieve this by lowering flow rates, increasing water storage capacity and reducing the transport of pollution to the water environment.

SUSTAINABLE DRAINAGE SYSTEM You can use the following SUDS techniques: Green roofs / walls Permeable surfaces Infiltration trenches filter drains and filter strips Swales - shallow drainage channels Detention basins, purpose built ponds and wetlands

GREEN ROOF Green roof system is an extension of the existing roof which involves a high quality water proofing and root repellant system, a drainage system, filter cloth, a lightweight growing medium and plants. Green roofs can contribute to landfill diversion by: Prolonging the life of waterproofing membranes, reducing associated waste The use of recycled materials in the growing medium Prolonging the service life of heating, ventilation, and HVAC systems through decreased use

GREEN ROOF Increasing biodiversity can positively affect three realms: 1. Ecosystem: Diverse ecosystems are better able to maintain high levels of productivity during periods of environmental variation than those with fewer species 2. Economic: Stabilized ecosystems ensure the delivery of ecological goods (e.g. food, construction materials, and medicinal plants) and services (e.g. maintain hydrological cycles, cleanse water and air, and store and cycle nutrients) 3. Social: Visual and environmental diversity can have positive impacts on community and psychological well-being

GREEN WALL The term "green walls" encompasses all forms of vegetated wall surfaces. However, there are three major system categories that fall under this term's rubric: green façades, living walls, and retaining living walls. Research shows that living walls reduce the amount of water that drains into the sewer system, as the plants consume some of the rainwater and also absorb and evaporate water. Because showers are becoming heavier all around the world due to climate change, reducing the burden on sewer systems is a major advantage.

GREEN WALL Onsite Wastewater Treatment Several water-recycling systems can be applied to green walls. These systems pump grey water through a green wall, which then passes through filters, gravel, and marine plants. Treated water is then sent to a grey water holding tank for household or irrigation use or released into the public water treatment system (Shirley-Smith 2006). Some of these systems also collect storm water, which is filtered for household use or irrigation purposes.

RAIN GARDEN A rain garden is a shallow, constructed depression that is planted with deep-rooted native plants & grasses. It is located in your landscape to receive runoff from hard surfaces such as a roof, a sidewalk and a driveway. Rain gardens slow down the rush of water from these hard surfaces, holds the water for a short period of time and allows it to naturally infiltrate into the ground.

RAIN GARDEN A rain garden can mimic the natural absorption and pollutant removal activities of a forest, or a meadow or a prairie and can absorb runoff more efficiently, sometimes as much as 30% - 40% more then a standard lawn. Capturing rainwater in a rain garden, holding the water for a short time and then slowly releasing it into the soil can reduce the rush of a large storm quickly, neatly and naturally.

BIOSWALES Bioswales are storm water runoff conveyance systems that provide an alternative to storm sewers. They can absorb low flows or carry runoff from heavy rains to storm sewer inlets or directly to surface waters. Bioswales improve water quality by infiltrating the first flush of storm water runoff and filtering the large storm flows they convey. The majority of annual precipitation comes from frequent, small rain events. Much of the value of bioswales comes from infiltrating and filtering nearly all of this water.

BIOSWALES On Site benefits: protects sensitive areas protects local and regional water quality by reducing sediment and nutrient loads reduces stream bank and channel erosion by reducing the frequent surges/bounces of higher flows from storm sewer discharges reduces frequent high and low flows associated with surface runoff, stabilizing stream flow volumes by restoring ground water discharges into receiving waters Valley Hi / North Laguna Library 2011 Energy efficiency integration awards competition

Reference http://www.greenroofs.org/ http://www.raingardennetwork.com/benefits.htm http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/internet/fse_documents/nrcs144p2_029251.pdfthe Urban Water Cycle http://grhc.sclivelearningcenter.com/ http://www.wbdg.org/design/sustainable.php http://web.stanford.edu/group/narratives/classes/08-09/cee215/projects/greendorm/water/graywatercd/greywater/pr80.pdf http://wedgwoodcc.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/rain-garden-diagram.gif http://content.yardmap.org/wp-content/blogs.dir/6/files/2011/12/raingardendiagram1.jpg http://www.greenroofs.com/archives/images/energy-grs_day2_tmobile_1.gif http://blogs.dctc.edu/architectural-technology/files/2011/12/future_living-a-570x510.jpg http://www.sbdawards.com/submit/projimages/02_vhl_bioswales.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/sustainable_drainage_system http://www.bgs.ac.uk/suds/ http://www.netregs.org.uk/library_of_topics/water/sustainable_urban_drain_system/what_are_suds.aspx