2010/SOM3/SCSC/CON/013 Session 2 Japanese Energy Conservation Law, Labeling System and Testing Standard for Refrigerator Submitted by: Japan \ 8 th Conference on Standards and Conformance for Green Harmonization Sendai, Japan 18 September 2010
Japanese energy conservation law, labeling system and testing standard for refrigerator Shigekazu FUKUNAGA Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Energy Conservation Efforts of Japan after Oil Crises Japan improved the energy efficiency by 37% in last 30 years after the oil crises in the 1970s as a result of active activities made by both public and private sectors. Japanese primary energy consumption per GDP is the lowest in the world owing to various energy conservation measures taken for the respective sectors. 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 12 1.2 1.1 1 0.9 Energy use per real GDP of Japan ((Oil 石油換算キロトン converted /10 億円 kilo ) ton/1 billion yen) Approx. 37% improvement 約 37% 改善 Primary energy supply per GDP unit of each country (2007) (Index Japan=1.0) 17.5 18 16 14 12 10 7.9 7.9 7.8 8 60 6.0 60 6.0 6 4 3.1 3.1 2.0 2.5 3.0 1.8 2 1.0 0 0.8 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Fiscal ( 年度 Year ) (Source) Total Energy Statistics by ANRE * Calculated according to IEA Energy Balances of OECD/Non OECD Countries(2008edition) Index of each country making Japan 1, based on the value dividing primary energy consumption by GDP. 2 1
Overview of Japan s energy efficiency policy 400 300 200 100 Energy consumption Regulation GDP(billion yen) (million kl) GDP 1.2times Transportation Sector 1.1times Residential and commercial Sector 1.3times Industrial Sector 1.0times 600 60 400 Energy management obligation by Energy Conservation Law (Factories,Carrier,Consignor) Factories : Introduce energy management by an unit of a company ( in 2008) Enhancement of energy efficiency of buildings by Energy Conservation Law Strengthen regulation ( in 2008) Top Runner Program Voluntary action Promotion of Nippon Keidanren s Voluntary Action Plan Incentive Measures need to be Promotion of high fuel economy vehicles (clean energy vehicles) strengthened. Subsidies for promoting energy efficient facilities (high efficient building, high performance industrial furnace etc.) Energy saving labeling, Forum for Promoting energy efficient home electric appliances, etc. 200 Tax incentive for energy efficient reform of residence, Low interest loan Cross Sectoral approach 0 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 (fiscal year) 0 Providing information and promotion of national movement Promotion of energy efficiency technological development Promoting international cooperation 3 Top Runner Program Energy conservation law stipulates energy conservation standards for domestic appliances and vehicles according to the Top Runner method. Manufacturers and the like are under the obligation to comply with the standards. For incompliance, manufacturers and the like may be imposed recommendation, publication, order, penalty (under one million yen penalty). 23 product types were made the target of the program. Fuel Efficiency (km/l) 16 Example of Top Runner Program 15km/L 14km/L 13km/L 12km/L 19km/L 18km/L 17km/L 15km/L Achievement is judged by weighted average per product category At the time of Target Fiscal Year standard setting Energy conservation standards according to Top Runner method Target products (23 products) 1. Passenger vehicles 2. Freight vehicles 3. Air conditioners 4.TV sets 5. Video cassette recorders 6. Fluorescent lights 7. Copiers 8. Computers 9. Magnetic disc units 10. Electric refrigerators 11. Electric freezers 12. Space heaters 13. Gas cooking appliances 14. Gas water heaters 15. Oil water heaters 16. Electric toilet seats etc. * Top Runner Program: The concept of the program is that fuel economy standards for vehicles and energy conservation standards for electric appliances, etc. shall be set exactly the same as or higher than the best standard value of each product item currently available in the market. 9 2
Past Energy Conservation Effect due to Top Runner System Device Improvement of energy consumption efficiency (recorded) Television receiver (cathode ray tube television) 25.7% (FY1997 2003) 16.4% Video tape recorder 73.6% (FY1997 2003) 58.7% Air conditioner (room air conditioner) * 67.8% (FY1997 2004) 66.1% Improvement of energy consumption efficiency (estimated) Refrigerator 55.2% (FY1998 2004) 30.5% Freezer 29.6% (FY1998 2004) 22.9% Gasoline passenger vehicle * 22.8% (FY1995 2005) 22.8% (FY1995 2010) Diesel truck * 21.7% (FY1995 2005) 6.5% Vending machine 37.3% (FY2000 2005) 33.9% Fluorescent lighting equipment * 35.6% (FY1997 2005) 16.6% Computer 99.1% (FY1997 2005) 83.0% Magnetic disk unit 98.2% (FY1997 2005) 78.0% Copying machine 72.5% (FY1997 2006) 30.97% Electric toilet seat 14.6% (FY2000 2006) 9.7% Gas water heater (instantaneous gas water heater, gas heated 1.6% (FY2000 2006) 4.1% bath) Gas cooking machinery (cooker) 15.7% (FY2000 2006) 13.9% Gas heater 1.9% (FY2000 2006) 1.4% Oil heater 5.4% (FY2000 2006) 3.8% 5 Specific Details of the Top Runner for Electrical Refrigerators Energy Consumption Efficiency (in case target fiscal year is FY 2010 and each subsequent fiscal year) Energy consumption efficiency is annual energy consumption (kwh/year) measured as specified in JIS C9801 (2006), 15. Energy Consumption Measurement. Category, Target Values (in case target fiscal year is FY 2010 and each subsequent fiscal year) In the target fiscal year and each subsequent fiscal year, energy consumption efficiency in each category shall be at orlowerthat the target standard value. Category Product type Cooling type Rated internal volume Refrigerator or refrigeratorfreezer Cold air natural convection type Cold air forced circulation type Number of doors in chiller section Category name Calculation formula of standard energy consumption efficiency A E 2 =0.844V 2 +155 Up to 300 liter B E 2 =0.774V 2 +220 Over 300 liter One C E 2 =0.302V 2 +343 2 or more D E 2 =0.296V 2 +374 Energy Saving Effects Efficiency was improved by about 55.2% over the FY1998 level by the target year (FY2004) (initially about 30.5% improvement had been expected) Efficiency is expected to be improved by about 21.0% over the FY 2005 level by the target year (FY 2010) Display Items Rated internal volume, annual energy consumption*, external dimensions, precautions for use, manufacture s name. *measured by the method stipulated in JIS C9801 (2006), 15. Energy Consumption Measurement. 11 3
Revision of Electricity Consumption Testing Procedure for Refrigerators (May 2006) Testing methods for refrigerators in Japan has been JIS C9801 which is compatible with ISO 8561 to measure annual electricity usage. But it was pointed out by a consumer organization that it does not necessarily reflect differences in electricity use depending on the set temperature, installation condition, or effect from outside temperature as shown in the figure. To reflect such discrepancy, JIS C9801 was revised on the 1 st May 2006. With the revised methodology to measure, JIS annual electricity consumption shows bigger figures than with old measurement method. This new method is being deliberating in IEC/TC59M 11 Energy Saving Labeling Scheme Energy Saving Labeling Program was started in Year 2000. The purpose of this program is to promote popularization of highly energy efficient products, by means of providing information to consumers on their energy efficient performance. Although it is a voluntary program based on JIS C9901, Energy Saving Labels are actively utilized in product catalogs by manufacturers and point of purchase of purchase displaysat at retail stores. As of September 2010, labeling is applied to the following 18 products: air conditioners, refrigerators, freezers, fluorescent lights, TV sets, space heaters, gas cooking appliances, gas water heaters, oil water heaters, electric toilet seats, computers, magnetic disks, transformers, DVD recorders, rice cookers, micro wave ovens, routers, and switching units. 4
Uniform Energy Saving Label The Revised Law Concerning the Rational Use of Energy enforced in April 2006 stipulates that retailers shall make efforts to provide information. In light of this, a guideline was formulated, including providing information by using uniform energy saving labels. The system started in October 2006. As of September, 2010, air conditioners, televisions, TV sets, electric refrigerators, lighting equipment and electric toilet seats the targets of this system. Uniform Energy Saving Label Multi stage rating system Energy saving performance is indicated in 5 stages, from 1 to 5 stars, from low to high performance of products offered in the market. In order to clarify the compliance level with the Top Runner standard, arrows are placed under the stars, showing achievement and non achievement. Energy saving labeling system Products which achieved the Top Runner standard carry a green e mark, while hl others carry an orange e mark. Achievement level and annual electricity consumption are also indicated. Expected annual electricity bill The expected annual electricity bill is indicated to show the energy consumption efficiency (annual electricity consumption) clearly. 11 Organizational Structure of Ministry, Economy, Trade and Industry Japan s energy conservation policies are deliberated by an Advisory Committee for Natural Resources and Energy. For the Top Runner Standard Values, deliberations are conducted by the Energy Efficiency Standards Subcommittee assisted and administered by an office in charge in the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy. Energy saving labeling and performance testing standards are stipulated in JIS. These measures are deliberated by Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC) in which Technical Regulations, Standards and Conformity Assessment Policy Unit is working as a secretariat. Policy coordination between regulator and standard setting body is important Minister s Secretariat Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Industrial Science and Technology Policy Bureau Technical Regulations, Standards and Conformity Assessment Policy Division Commerce and Information Policy Bureau Technical Information and Communication Electronics Division Agency for Natural Resources and Energy Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Department Energy Efficiency and Conservation Division Policy coordination between regulator and standard setting body is important 5
Recommendation to APEC In order to secure the reliable energy saving scheme, accurate testing with adequate equipment and skilled testers based on the latest international standard is important. Capacity building is necessary. In order to mitigate a technical barrier to trade, performance testing standards should be harmonized, taking into account the variation of climate and situation of usage. Policy coordination is important between divisions in charge of energy saving policy and standard setting in each economy. APEC could be a appropriate forum to discuss the possibility of harmonization of standards d and labeling. li 6