Status of the ENSAR2 JRA PSeGe P. Reiter IKP, University of Cologne for the PSeGe Collaboration ENSAR2 Town Meeting Groningen 17 th - 19 th April 2018
JRA Position Sensitive Germanium Goals: R&D of detector technology for position-sensitive HPGe detector arrays. R&D on key areas of detector technology, the basic characteristics of novel HPGe detectors, electronic instrumentation and software developments Collaboration and technology transfer to industry partners development of new applications especially in the field of high-resolution gamma-ray imaging networking activity
JRA Position Sensitive Germanium Goals: R&D of detector technology for position-sensitive HPGe detector arrays. R&D on key AGATA areas of detector Triple Cluster technology, Detector the basic characteristics -integration of novel of 111 HPGe high resolution detectors, spectroscopy electronic channels instrumentation and software -cold developments FET technology for all signals Collaboration and technology transfer to industry partners development of new applications especially in the field of high-resolution gamma-ray imaging networking activity
JRA2 PSeGe R&D on Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors for Nuclear Structure and Applications New devices basic research - applications Laser Beam AGATA @ GANIL Precursors GeO-GeO 2 About 60-100 nm Bulk Ge p MELTING Bulk Ge p
PSeGe Organization: Coordinators: A. Gadea, D.R. Napoli, P. Reiter Management board: A.Boston (Uni.Liverpool), G.Duchêne (CNRS), A.Gadea (IFIC- CSIC), J.Gerl (GSI), D.R.Napoli (INFN-LNL), P.Reiter (IKP-Köln). G.Duchêne (IPHC) General Assembly with representatives of participating and associated institutions: CSIC (IFIC, CNM), INFN(LNL, Milano), University of Cologne, GSI, University of Liverpool, CNRS, CEA, KTH, University of Uppsala, University of Milan, STFC, University of Salamanca, University of Valencia, ELI-NP
JRA2 PSeGe R&D on Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors for Nuclear Structure and Applications Participants: IFIC-CSIC, Spain: personnel funds for Task3 INFN-LNL, Italy: personnel funds for Task 1 Uni. Cologne, Germany: personnel funds for Task 1 GSI, Germany: personnel funds for Task 2 Uni. Liverpool, UK: networking funds for Task 4 CNRS, France: networking funds for Task 4 Associated partners: KTH &University of Uppsala, Sweden ELI-NP, Romania University of Milan, Italy STFC, U, University of Salamanca & University of Valencia, Spain CEA-Saclay, France PSeGe Web page http://psege.lnl.infn.it
JRA2 PSeGe R&D on Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors for Nuclear Structure and Applications. Task 1: New technologies on passivation and segmentation R&D of segmented contacts in HPGe detectors passivation of the boundary regions between contacts charge collection and electric-field exploration via 2D scans Task 2: R&D on novel Ge-detector geometries for ultimate position resolution and efficiency modeling and simulation of electrical-field distributions evaluation of the 3D position resolution obtainable production of a prototype detector in cooperation with the industrial partner experimental determination of the performance figures of prototype device Task 3: R&D on segmented p-type coaxial detectors R&D on basic properties of the dopants producing high hole-barrier n-contacts evaluation of the barrier and study of segmentation with these materials Task 4: Demonstration of imaging applications and associated detector technologies Demonstration of imaging applications Detector encapsulation techniques R&D on associated Detector technologies PSA and neutron-gamma discrimination
Task 1 New technologies on passivation and segmentation - 241 Am collimated source, from the side of the detector - Systematic studies of new passivation technology S passivation is the most used in microelectronics because it s stable, but it has the largest dead layer Low-H passivation decreases moving from the n + to p + contact, giving rise to a slightly n- type surface High-H passivation increases from n + to p + contact, giving rise to a slightly p-type surface
New technologies on passivation and segmentation The counting rate in: Low-H passivation decreases moving from the n + to p + contact, giving rise to a slightly n- type surface; High-H passivation increases from n + to p + contact, giving rise to a slightly p-type surface Hyper-H passivation remains constant along all the scan, giving rise to an ideal passivation. From STUDY OF SURFACE PASSIVATIONS ON HPGe DETECTORS Serena Riccetto University of Perugia INFN Perugia, PhD Thesis
New technologies on passivation and segmentation Characterization of thermally induced shallow defects in HPGe Does new fabrication processes contaminate HPGe?
New technologies on passivation and segmentation
Ø ext = 50mm Height = 43mm Activities ongoing: V.Boldrini et al: Characterization of thermally induced shallow defects in HPGe. Thermally-induced defects and contamination in candidates for HPGe doping techniques. W.Raniero et al: Preparation of segmented coaxial detector prototypes with new passivation techniques. F. Sgarbossa et al.: Investigation of P Monolayer Doping in Germanium
Achievements & Status Task 1: New technologies on passivation and segmentation Contract assigned to INFN ongoing (Walter Rainiero) since 3/11/2016 First test of implantation of Boron in planar detectors to produce new contact technologies Preparation of a coaxial detector from a raw Ge-HP crystal in order to check the new contact technology in quasi-coaxial detectors. Contract for a post doc position in IKP-Cologne is assigned (Herbert Hess) starting from 1.12.2016. Work on the new encapsulation technique at IKP-Cologne. Cryostat development is ongoing for new detector prototypes in collaboration between IKP-Cologne and INFN.
Multidisciplinary Team INFN-LNL D.R. Napoli, W. Raniero INFN-LNL and University of Padua: D. De Salvador, G. Maggioni, S. Carturan E. Napolitani, V. Boldrini, F. Sgarbossa INFN-LNL and University of Verona INFN-LNL and University of Trento INFN-PG and University of Camerino INFN-PG and University of Perugia G. Mariotto G. Della Mea N. Pinto S. Riccetto IKP Cologne J. Eberth, P. Reiter, H. Hess CNR-IMM Bologna R. Nipoti, F. Mancarella, M. Bellettato
Task 2: R&D on novel Ge-detector geometries for ultimate position resolution and efficiency Contract on-going (T. Arici) Prototype of quasi-planar geometry for position sensitive Ge detectors. Non-segmented p-type HPGe detectors in point contact configuration HPGe crystal with the size of 33.2 x 33.2 x 15.5 mm Carrier concentration of 3.3 x 109 atom/cm3 T. Arici, I. Kojouharov, J. Gerl, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
Task 2: R&D on novel Ge-detector geometries for ultimate position resolution and efficiency Studies with commercial double sided HPGe detector @ University of Liverpool HPGe crystal 60x60x20mm 3 active volume outer guard ring of 7.5mm Horizontal n+ contacts (AC), vertical p+ (DC) - 5mm strip pitch
Task 2: R&D on novel Ge-detector geometries for ultimate position resolution and efficiency Studies with commercial double sided HPGe Detector
Achievements & Status Task 2: R&D on novel Ge-detector geometries for ultimate position resolution and efficiency Contract assigned to GSI ongoing (T. Arici) Successful detector prototype development of p-type HPGe coaxial planar geometry contact technology in quasi-coaxial detectors. Characterization of commercial double sided HPGe Detector including optimization of signal read-out, pulse shape analysis for optimized position resolution and efficiency.
Task 3: R&D on segmented p-type coaxial detectors Mostly all HPGe detectors are based on n-type doped crystals Need for p-type detectors is shared with other communities p+ n+ coaxial Large mass Low PSD perf. BEGe P-PC Inverted coaxial Small mass Small mass Large mass High PSD perf. High PSD perf. High PSD perf.
Task 3: R&D on segmented p-type coaxial detectors SIGMA detector project at University of Liverpool and STFC, Daresbury Position resolution simulations for the inverted-coaxial germanium detector, SIGMA 500 kev 4.54 mm 1000 kev 4.37 mm Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, Volume 892, 1 June 2018, Pages 84-92
Achievements & Status Task 3: R&D on segmented p-type coaxial detectors Test on the use of Phosphorous for dopant diffusion and activation for the junction formation done. Now Sb as dopant is tested. Collaboration established with the Micro electronics group of the University of Padova, Italy Ongoing contract for a pre-doctoral collaborator Stefano Bertoldo. n contact Sb p contact B Sb LTA DIODE PROTOTYPE: 1 cm 2 area, 2 mm thick, p-hpge n contact: sputtered layer of Sb + Laser Thermal Annealing (LTA) p contact: B ion-implanted layer
Task 4: Demonstration of imaging applications and associated detector technologies
Task 4: Demonstration of imaging applications and associated detector technologies T. Steinbach, et al.; Eur. Phys. J A (2017) 53: 23
Achievements & Status Task 4: Demonstration of imaging applications and associated detector technologies 1 st and the 2 nd workshop on Detector R&D, Applications and associated technologies at Orsay, 2016 and Milano, 2017. 3 rd will be held at IPHC Strasbourg September 2018. Training sessions on advanced detector technology organized. Collaboration on-going on Position Sensitive Ge Detector Imaging applications. IKP-Cologne is contributing to the developments with the work of a PhD student (Rouven Hirsch) working on gamma ray imaging with two different position sensitive HPGe detectors: a cylindrical coaxial detector, and tapered AGATA detector both 36 fold segmented. Close collaboration with University of Liverpool.
JRA2 PSeGe R&D on Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors for Nuclear Structure and Applications. Task 1. Personnel (2) working on the task since Nov. and Dec. 2016. Building a prototype of Coaxial detector with new contact and passivation technologies (INFN). Test cryostat being built (Uni. Cologne). Hydride Passivation Task 2. Personnel (1) working on the task since late 2016. Testing a prototype quasiplanar detector detector (GSI) Task 3. Personnel (1) started early 2018 (CSIC). Developments ongoing in collaboration with Uni.Padova, P and Sb tested. Diode prototype built. Diode Prototype 1cm 2, 2mm thick n contact Sb P contact B Task 4. Two workshops held, third being organized. Training sessions on advanced detector technology. Collaboration on-going on Position Sensitive Ge Detector Imaging application, electronics, detector infrastructures Contact with international companies established Results of the JRA are presented and discussed during the workshops 25
JRA2 PSeGe R&D on Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors for Nuclear Structure and Applications. Milestones and Deliverables Considering the success of the first 2 workshops [1 st in month 6 and 2 nd in month 18], the JRA is now preparing for the 3 rd workshop in month 30 and a final in month 42. 26
JRA2 PSeGe R&D on Position-Sensitive Germanium Detectors for Nuclear Structure and Applications. The management of the JRA is performed by a coordination board created on June 2016. The work plan on Schedule. No MS or D is missing. The objectives are relevant for the instrumentation related to highresolution γ-ray spectroscopy and associated technologies and applications. Ongoing R&D issues on production and performance The resources are used within plan and, the economy driven initiatives one workshop more than planned. The dissemination of the results: Mainly through our workshops. Contributions are Open Access The main companies producing segmented Ge detectors are invited and contributing. Collaboration with companies for the advance prototyping phase is being discussed. First publications done, more expected until end of R&D phase. 27