Changes to NFPA 70E - The Role of PdM &Safe PdM Work Practices Tim Rohrer Exiscan LLC Tim@Exiscan.com 585-705-7775 Joe Gierlach ABM Joseph.Gierlach@ABM.com 412-394-4678
Preview Electrical Safety Risk Management Strategies Relevant Changes to NFPA 70E What it Means for Your PdM Group Practical Applications
H E L L O My Name Is TIM
H E L L O My Name Is Joe
Electrical Safety - A Different Perspective
Electrical Hazards are Unique
Electrical Hazards are Unique Non-Fatal Occupational Injuries 0.16% Electrical U.S. BLS Economic News Release, 2010
Electrical Hazards are Unique 1. Burns 2. Shock U.S. BLS Economic News Release, 2010
Electrical Hazards are Unique 1. Transportation 2. Violence 3. Falls 4. Struck by 5. Crushed 6. Exposure 7. Electrical U.S. BLS Economic News Release, 2010
Electrical Hazards are Unique 300 : 1
Electrical Hazards are Unique 300 : 1 10 : 1 Electrical
Hazard v/ Risk Tim Rohrer Exiscan TRohrer@Exiscan.com (585) 366-0333
Hazard & Risk Hazard: A source of possible injury or damage to health. NFPA 70E-2015; Article 100
Hazard & Risk Risk: Refers to a combination of both the likelihood of injury occurrence and the severity NFPA 70E-2015; Article 100
Hazard v/ Risk
Hierarchy of Risk Control 1. Hazard Elimination 2. Substitution ANSI Z10 3. Engineering Controls 4. Warnings 5. Administrative Controls 6. PPE
Closed-Panel Inspection Eliminated Hazardous Tasks
Changes to 70E - (Highlights)
What is NFPA 70E? Consensus Standard - Electrical Safety in the Workplace Foundation for ESP 3 yr. Revision Cycle
Industry Additions in Scope 70E-2012 Scope Includes Utilities 70E-2015 Scope Includes Mining
Intervals Auditing the Electrical Safety Prgm. 3 yr.
Intervals Auditing Field Work Annually
Intervals Annual Training: Emergency Response Contact Release CPR AED Training Verification
New Terms & Concepts
Normal Operation Previous Revisions: Enclosed electrical equipment that has been properly installed and maintained, and is under normal operating conditions is not likely to pose an a hazard.
Normal Operation 4 th Clause Added to Energized Work: Normal Operation of equipment will be permitted as long as the equipment is properly installed and maintained, doors and covers are closed and secured, and there is no evidence of impending failure.
Hazard & Risk Hazard Analysis Risk Assessment
Hazard & Risk Risk Assessment: A process that identifies the hazards, estimates the potential severity of injury or damage to health, estimates the likelihood of the injury occurrence or damage to health, and determines if protective measures are required
Changes to Boundaries
Prohibited Approach Boundary Prohibited Approach Boundary No longer a trigger for PPE or protective action
Energized Work Permits EWP Required When: Inside Restricted Approach Boundary (from Limited) Risk of injury due to Arc Flash
Conductive Articles No Bling Zone: Restricted Approach Boundary
Barricades Greater of: Limited Approach Boundary Arc Flash Boundary
Changes to PPE Rules
PPE Selection Selection of PPE by: Tables OR Incident Energy Analysis 11 th Commandment: Thou shalt not mix and match!
PPE Selection Hazard/Risk Category Arc Flash PPE Category
PPE Selection OLD TABLE METHOD Tasks Performed on Energized Equipment Hazard/Risk Category Rubber Insulating Gloves Insulating and Insulated Hand Tools 600 V class switchgear & switchboards Parameters: Maximum of 35 ka Short Circuit current available; Maximum of 0.5 sec (30 cycle) fault clearing time; Minimum 18 in. working distance Potential Arc Flash Boundary: 233 in. Removing bolted covers to expose energized conductors 4 N N Racking circuit breaker doors open / closed 4 N N IR scan or other non-contact inspections outside the Restricted Approach Boundary 2 N N Reading a panel meter while operating a switch 0 N N
PPE Selection Task Removing bolted covers or using hinged doors to open an enclosure, exposing energized electrical conductors or circuit parts. Performing Infrared Thermography Outside the Restricted Approach Boundary Equipment Monitoring Any All of the following: Properly installed Properly maintained Other covers in place and secured No evidence of impending failure ANY of the following: NOT properly installed NOT properly maintained Covers NOT secured and in place Evidence of impending failure Arc Flash PPE Required Yes NO YES
PPE Selection Tasks Performed on Energized Equipment Panel Board 240V & Below Parameters: Maximum of 25 ka Short Circuit current available; Maximum of 0.03 sec (2 cycle) fault clearing time; Minimum 18 in. working distance 600 V class switchgear & switchboards Parameters: Maximum of 35 ka Short Circuit current available; Maximum of 0.5 sec (30 cycle) fault clearing time; Minimum 18 in. working distance Arc Flash PPE Category Arc Flash Boundary 1 19 in. 4 20 feet
PPE Category 0
70E & Your PdM Program
70E & PdM Arc Flash Hazard ID Table: Forces the worker to consider status of equipment maintenance prior to selecting PPE, and prior to work
70E & PdM Scope includes safety-related maintenance requirements, and other administrative controls.
70E & PdM 110.1(B): Electrical Safety Program shall include elements that consider condition of maintenance of electrical equipment and systems.
70E & PdM Article 200: Safety-Related Maintenance Requirements, General Maintenance Requirements: Equipment owner or it s representative are responsible for maintenance of their electrical equipment
70E & PdM Article 200: Safety-Related Maintenance Requirements, Informational Note: Label System: Calibration Condition Inspection Status
70E & PdM 130.5(3) Arc Flash Risk Assessment Info Note #1 Where equipment is not properly installed and maintained, PPE selection may not provide adequate protection from arc flash hazards.
70E & PdM Article 210.5 Info Note: : Improper maintenance of protective devices can result in increased clearing times, which thereby results in higher incident energy.
Practical Applications
Maintenance - Expanded Three main components relative to maintenance Circuit Breakers (thermal magnetic, air, OCB, SF6, Vacuum) Fuses ( Dual Element / Time Delay, Current Limiting) Protective Relays (Electromechanical, Solid State, Multifunction Microprocessor)
Maintenance - Expanded Three main components relative to maintenance Circuit Breakers (thermal magnetic, air, OCB, SF6, Vacuum) Testing Considerations Testing Frequencies Testing Results How these impact arc flash energies
Maintenance - Expanded Three main components relative to maintenance Fuses ( Dual Element / Time Delay, Current Limiting) No Test Method (Destructive) Selective Coordination Installation Considerations (Same manufacturer, class, type, ampacity) How these impact arc flash energies
Maintenance - Expanded Three main components relative to maintenance Protective Relays (Electromechanical, Solid State, Multifunction Microprocessor) Testing Considerations (Much more complex ) Serves purpose of breakers and relays Single or Multi Function How these impact arc flash energies
Maintenance - Expanded
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Maintenance Functional Visual Physical and Mechanical
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Maintenance Used to determine the integrity of the insulation system and contact/connection health
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Functional Only method of determining if the device will operate in the prescribed time periods for different levels of fault currents
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Functional Simple rule of thumb: The FASTER a fault is interrupted, the lower the arc flash energies produced.
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Functional The devices must do 2 things on any fault: Recognize the fault Interrupt the fault
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Functional There are 4 possible functions of any overcurrent device depending on design and purpose, as outlined in NETA Determine long-time pickup and delay by primary current injection. Determine short-time pickup and delay by primary current injection. Determine ground-fault pickup and delay by primary current injection. Determine instantaneous pickup current by primary current injection.
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Long-time delay -The length of time the circuit breaker will carry a sustained overcurrent (greater than the long-time pickup) before initiating a trip signal. Long-time pickup - The current level at which the circuit breaker long-time delay function begins timing. Short-time delay - The length of time the circuit breaker will carry a short circuit (current greater than the short-time pickup) before initiating a trip signal. Short-time pickup - The current level at which the circuit breaker short time delay function begins timing.
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Instantaneous pickup - The current level at which the circuit breaker will trip with no intentional time delay. Instantaneous trip - A qualifying term indicating that no delay is purposely introduced in the tripping action of the circuit breaker during short-circuit conditions. Ground-fault delay - The length of time the circuit breaker trip unit will delay before initiating a trip signal to the circuit breaker after a ground fault has been detected. Ground-fault pickup - The level of ground-fault current at which the trip system begins timing.
Maintenance - Expanded Types of Testing: Mechanical Even if the device operates in the correct time frame, lack of maintenance can inhibit operation due to the following things: Bound Parts Misaligned linkages Worn parts Lubrication issues Foreign debris/contaminants Calibration/Adjustment Issues
Summary
Summary Electrical Hazards & Risks are Unique Use Higher Order Risk Controls NFPA 70E Makes Your PdM Group More Important than Ever!!!
Thank You! Tim Rohrer Exiscan LLC Tim@Exiscan.com 585-705-7775 Joe Gierlach ABM Joseph.Gierlach@ABM.com 412-394-4678