Dangerous Goods Logistics HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, SAFETY ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CONTROL MEASURES Purpose Safety Assessment of Buildings storage facility, Dangerous Goods Logistics P/L unit 15/243 Bradman st Acacia Ridge Facilities Buildings are constructed with steel, zincalume, concrete. The buildings are fitted with 6 compartments with a storage capacity of approx 1000 pallets ea. Three areas have mechanical ventilation in accordance to AS1940:2004. Storage systems consist of block stack and racking; intrinsically safe electrics; exterior bollard protection. Activities Storage of Class 3,4.1, 4.2,4.3 5.1, 5.2 6 8 and 9 dangerous goods and C1 combustible liquids. Goods are received into the store from shipping containers or transport vehicles, and put away by store person. The put away locations are selected by store person and the inventory system is updated by customer service representatives. Picking from the stores is via a picking slip raised by the customer service representative. Labeling of packages and placarding of bulk bags occurs inside the shed, Condition Buildings is in good condition ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 1
Risk assessment process An initial assessment was conducted, with each hazard being identified and discussed separately in detail. The possible incidents and outcomes associated with the hazard are listed, and the likelihood of an event occurring without is identified. Each existing control for a hazard is listed, and additional to be considered are identified. Each control measure is discussed both in isolation and in consideration of other that would have an effect or interact with that control. Each control is then given a to be: (a) implemented (b) considered further (after recommended have been implemented) (c) rejected. The have been listed in an implementation table, with respect to practicability, in view of their combined expected effectiveness of in reducing the risk of major incident to an acceptable level. References Occupational Health and Safety (Major Hazards Facilities) Regulations 2000 Dangerous Goods (Storage and Handling) Regulations 2000 Dangerous Goods (Storage and Handling) Regulations 1989 Australian Dangerous Goods Code 6th edition AS 1221 Fire hose reels AS 1680 Interior lighting AS 1841.5 Portable fire extinguishers Part 5: Powder type AS 1850 Portable fire extinguishers AS 1851.4 Maintenance of fire protection equipment. Part 4: Fire hydrant installations AS 2419.1 Fire hydrant installations. Part 1: System design, installation and commissioning AS 2441 Installation of fire hose reels AS 2444 Portable fire extinguishers Selection and location ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 2
Hazard Identification Checklist Range of hazards that could be deemed possible. Hazard 1 Hazard 2 Hazard 3 Hazard 4 Hazard 5 Hazard 6 Hazard 7 Hazard 8 Hazard 9 Hazard 10 Hazard 11 Hazard 12 Hazard 13 Hazard 14 Storage of Dangerous Goods Overpressure of container, Dust explosion, Chemical reaction, loss of containment, Ignition of explosive gases (requires presence of an ignition source, including static discharge within the presence of an explosive atmosphere) Fire hazard from empty pallets stacked outside Buildings resence of an ignition source) Packaging pierced by forklift tynes Loss of containment, chemical reaction, Fire hazard from dust accumulation Poor housekeeping, Dust explosion (requires presence of an ignition source) Ignition source from lighting Requires the presence of a flammable atmosphere (dust, vapours/gases) Ignition source from forklift tynes scraping concrete Requires the presence of a flammable substance or atmosphere Impact to Buildings by forklift Requires loss of containment thru toppling or puncture of goods Drum damage due to toppling Requires loss of containment thru toppling or puncture of goods Fire hazard from storage on wooden pallets Ignition of combustible materials, (requires presence of an ignition source) chemical exothermic reaction, Packaging damaged during handling Poor manual handling methods, inferior packaging, Impact to Buildings by trucks Sabotage from unauthorised entry Fire hazard from goods incompatible with goods inside Buildings Storage of Class 3 and combustible products stacked four High ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 3
Hazard 1 Storage of Dangerous Goods Hazard or possible cause of major incident Possible incidents and outcomes Consequence without Likelihood without Risk without Current Buildings provide for the storage of flammable solids, which are readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction and other dangerous goods. Explosion of flammable vapours in Buildings in presence of ignition source, and ensuing fire involving the entire shed and its contents, resulting in destruction of shed and all goods and equipment inside. Fire is fuelled by other flammable and combustible goods in Buildings and could spread to adjoining Sheds if left unchecked. Explosion of flammable vapours in Buildings in presence of ignition source, and ensuing fire limited to half the goods, resulting in major damage to shed, and loss of half the goods and equipment inside. A4 Major Almost certain High Buildings are constructed from non-combustible materials Ventilation Buildings provide protection from the weather Fire hose reels are provided Dry chemical fire extinguisher Fire hydrants are provided Spill containment Buildings are provided with adequate lighting Emergency procedures in place Other control options to consider Do not store Dangerous Goods on site Do not store Dangerous Goods in Buildings Dangerous goods packages are not to be opened in Buildings. Analysis and for preventative Do not store dangerous goods on site This is not practicable. The storage of dangerous goods is the purpose of the business of Russell TLC, and customers require dangerous goods to be kept on the site. In consideration of this, Buildings are a suitable warehouse on the site for the storage of, as discussed below. Reject ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 4
Do not store Dangerous goods in buildings This is not practicable. The storage of dangerous goods is the purpose of the business of Russell TLC, and customers require dangerous goods to be kept on the site. In consideration of this, Buildings are a suitable warehouse on the site for the storage, since it is purpose built for the storage of dangerous goods, as recommended by AS 1940, and other features are provided, which are discussed in more detail below. Reject * Dangerous goods packages are not to be opened inside Buildings Transfer operations are generally not required for dangerous goods, which arrive at the site contained within UN approved containers in most cases. However, if dangerous goods are received in non-un approved containers, it will need to be transferred to UN approved containers before storage. If transfer does occur, it must not take place in Buildings, because the chance of contaminating the floor of the shed is increased, and pallets or other equipment or clothing may also become contaminated, thus increasing exposure of the product to possible ignition sources. Any such reaction inside Buildings would be likely to affect the other Classes of dangerous goods also stored there. These dangerous goods themselves may also create or contribute to incidents if they are transferred/decanted inside Buildings (see discussions for Hazards 2, and 3), which may in turn may involve the dangerous goods, resulting in explosion and fire, clearly transfer operations inside Buildings could put the entire shed, and indeed the site, at risk of powerful chemical reactions and fire, and these reactions and occurrences may impact the entire premises and the neighbourhood. Transfers must therefore be conducted in a controlled environment, such as a designated decanting area, which is provided with facilities for cleaning the transfer equipment, and which can be washed down following each decant operation. The floor of the decant area must be impervious and designed to retain the wash effluent and any spills are contained within the temporary bund. There must be a documented procedure for the transfer process, to commence. The procedure for decant/transfer must be presented in training to all store personnel,. Buildings provides protection from the weather Dangerous goods must be protected from the weather. Buildings provide the level of protection from the weather than is required for the dangerous goods kept. * Buildings are constructed from non-combustible materials. The materials of construction used in Buildings are non-reactive with dangerous goods. These materials of construction will not pose a risk of reacting with dangerous goods, to produce a fire. These provisions are in accordance with the Dangerous Goods (Storage and Handling) Regulations 2000. Maintain the grass area around Buildings Any grassed areas poses a fire hazard, particularly if it is not kept very short, especially in the summer months when it is dry and more likely to burn. The grassed area should be well maintained and must not be allows to accumulate especially within five metres of a building ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 5
Analysis and for mitigating Ventilation for Buildings is natural and mechanical for the various sheds. Ventilation in Buildings is through natural ventilation and mechanical & meets the requirements of the AS1940. The ventilation permits the dispersal of explosive or flammable vapours or dusts from the building up in the shed enclosure. * Training Training must involve all store personnel and other relevant personnel in the properties of dangerous goods, and any other products stored in the shed, and in the safe work practices and procedures for handling and storing these products. Training will promote and enhance the effectiveness of procedures for storage and handling of dangerous goods in Buildings. Training of store persons who operate Buildings and nearby warehouses, in issues such as the properties of the Classes of dangerous goods in the shed, and the implications of incompatible storage, loss of containment, ignition sources and contamination will enhance the likelihood that safety procedures will be followed and awareness of the hazards involved will be maintained. Training on the procedures must occur for all store persons as the procedure is changed, or as training is needed. All training must be recorded. * Fire hose reels are provided Fire hose reels are is provided though out the site. The hose reel is provided with water from the fire mains that feeds the site, and foam from a container kept inside the hose reel cabinet. It provide a fire-fighting option for fires inside Buildings for small fires involving dangerous goods and combustible liquids, to prevent spread of fire and to keep the product cool, and to place a layer of foam on the surface of the product, thus removing oxygen from the fire. It can be used from a safe distance by Russell TLC personnel in undertaking initial fire control until the fire brigade arrive. The hose reel can also be used on the outside of the shed for fires involving goods kept against or adjacent to the walls. For larger fires, it provides an addition to other fighting equipment, in keeping the shed cool from the outside, and can be used in conjunction with the fire extinguishers (discussed below), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade.. The hose reel must be maintained in accordance with AS 1221, and installed in accordance with AS 2441, and must be checked and maintained by an external expert service provider every 6 months, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 6
* Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided There are currently fire extinguishers of the dry chemical type installed inside/outside Buildings, They are suitable for use on fires involving dangerous and non dangerous goods, which are also in Buildings They provide an optional addition to other fighting equipment, such as the foam hose reels (described above), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade. All stores personnel must be trained in the correct usage of the fire extinguishers. The fire extinguishers must be maintained in accordance with AS 1841.5 by an external expert service provider 6 monthly, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. The fire extinguishers must be installed in accordance with AS 2444, * Fire hydrants located outside Buildings. There are fire hydrants located outside the site, and are to be used by the fire brigade if they are required to attend a fire in Buildings. The fire hydrants are connected to mains water and are situated at points which would be suitable for fighting a fire involving Buildings. The hydrants must be maintained free from obstruction such as parking, loading and unloading of vehicles and other operational hazards. They are designed and installed in accordance with AS 2419.1. They must be maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4. *Buildings are constructed with an internal bund. This permits the retention of spilled product and effluent and will also retain effluent from the foam hose reels, fire extinguishers or other fire fighting source provided by the QFRS, and minimises the chance of contamination of other areas of the site. *Sharing of emergency information with neighbours. This involves sharing of information regarding products and activities on the sites, and includes notifying each other in the event of emergency, such as fire, large scale loss of containment etc. The notification process permits neighbouring premises and Russell TLC to plan activities safely, in relation to surrounding circumstances, and to instigate emergency or evacuation procedures if threatened by incidents on neighbouring premises. *Emergency procedures These procedures require the provision of information to the fire brigade, regarding what goods are stored on site, what processes take place, and what fire fighting provisions we maintain on site. A plan for emergency evacuation, alarms, responsibilities, actions etc, plus a plan of the site showing the location of the yards, roadways and storage sheds and their contents, and fire fighting facilities, such as deluge systems, fire extinguishers, hose reels, and fire hydrants, and a manifest of dangerous goods and their quantities and locations are also kept up to date and provided for the fire brigade in Emergency Information boxes at the main entry gate to the premises. Performance standards and indicators *Packaged dangerous goods are not to be opened inside Buildings All transfer operations performed in decant area, and never in Buildings, and are documented and filed with written approval from customer. Indicators: identification of decant/transfer equipment found in Buildings through inspections; non-conformance reports of transfers occurring in Shed and spot checks of Buildings; spill detected in Buildings. ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 7
*Fire hose reels provided Assess hose reel through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history hose reels, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Buildings are constructed from non-combustible materials. *Training All personnel operating Buildings can demonstrate a basic understanding of the properties of dangerous goods kept on site and fully understand the procedural requirements in relation to Buildings operations, when questioned.. *Sharing of emergency information with neighbours. Information about the activities and products on neighbouring premises is known, documented and current. Procedure is in place to ensure information is shared/exchanged in an emergency, and that information is updated and reviewed. Indicators: Emergency procedures. Information provided is correct and accurate and up to date, with manifest replaced Weekly. Fire hydrants installed inside site The fire hydrants are maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4 Buildings provides protection from weather All stock stored in Buildings is protected from the weather. Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided Assess fire extinguishers through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history for fire extinguishers, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Consequences with Likelihood with Risk with E2 Important Rare Low ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 8
Hazard 2 Fire hazard from empty pallets stacked outside Buildings Hazard or possible cause of major incident Empty pallets are stacked outside Buildings, creating fire hazard Possible incidents and Fire in or near pallets, in presence of ignition source outcomes Consequence without Likelihood without Risk without Current Other control options to consider Analysis and for preventative C4 Major Possible High Foam hose reel provided Dry chemical fire extinguishers provided Fire hydrants provided Remove empty pallet stacks from the vicinity of Buildings. * Remove empty pallet stacks from the vicinity of Buildings and store at a safe distance. Empty pallets are placed against the outside wall of Buildings. These empty pallets are a combustible hazard, and may contribute to a fire outside the Building however, it is necessary to be able to access empty pallets easily when consolidating goods before transport, or when goods need to be repalletised before put away inside Buildings. To control the hazard, empty pallets must only be placed against the wall of Buildings whilst they are required for consolidation or repalletising during the day, for goods removed from Buildings or destined for Buildings only. Empty pallets must never remain against the outside wall of Buildings whilst the empty pallets are not required for storage of goods. This would mean that empty pallets must not be placed against Buildings overnight, or when Buildings are not being operated. ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 9
Analysis and for mitigating Performance standards and indicators * Fire hose reels are provided Fire hose reels are is provided though out the site. The hose reel is provided with water from the fire mains that feeds the site, and foam from a container kept inside the hose reel cabinet. It provide a fire-fighting option for fires inside Buildings for small fires involving dangerous goods and combustible liquids, to prevent spread of fire and to keep the product cool, and to place a layer of foam on the surface of the product, thus removing oxygen from the fire. It can be used from a safe distance by Russell TLC personnel in undertaking initial fire control until the fire brigade arrive. The hose reel can also be used on the outside of the shed for fires involving goods kept against or adjacent to the walls. For larger fires, it provides an addition to other fighting equipment, in keeping the shed cool from the outside, and can be used in conjunction with the fire extinguishers (discussed below), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade.. The hose reel must be maintained in accordance with AS 1221, and installed in accordance with AS 2441, and must be checked and maintained by an external expert service provider every 6 months, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. * Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided There are currently fire extinguishers of the dry chemical type installed inside/outside Buildings, They are suitable for use on fires involving dangerous and non dangerous goods, which are also in Buildings They provide an optional addition to other fighting equipment, such as the foam hose reels (described above), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade. All stores personnel must be trained in the correct usage of the fire extinguishers. The fire extinguishers must be maintained in accordance with AS 1841.5 by an external expert service provider 6 monthly, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. The fire extinguishers must be installed in accordance with AS 2444, * Fire hydrants located outside Buildings. There are fire hydrants located outside the site, and are to be used by the fire brigade if they are required to attend a fire in Buildings. The fire hydrants are connected to mains water and are situated at points which would be suitable for fighting a fire involving Buildings. The hydrants must be maintained free from obstruction such as parking, loading and unloading of vehicles and other operational hazards. They are designed and installed in accordance with AS 2419.1. They must be maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4. Fire hose reels provided Assess hose reel through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history hose reels, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Remove empty pallet stacks from the vicinity of Buildings, and store at a safe distance. Empty pallets are not left against the outside wall of Buildings over night. Indications: Empty pallets are not seen against wall of Buildings after Buildings is locked up or not being operated. Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided Assess fire extinguishers through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history for fire extinguishers, obtained through ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 10
auditing maintenance records. Consequences with Likelihood with Rick with D1, Minor Unlikely Low ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 11
Hazard 3 Packaging pierced by forklift tyne Hazard or possible cause of major incident Possible incidents and outcomes Consequence without Likelihood without Risk without Forklift tynes may pierce packaging in Buildings. Loss of containment from one or two packages, possibly resulting in chemical reaction of the contents followed by fire, requiring evacuation of the site. Impacted packages topple and damage more packages, causing loss of containment, possibly resulting in chemical reaction or fire, requiring evacuation of the site. Product leaking from packages higher in the stacks will spill over packages lower in the stacks, and spread the risk of fire and dangerous chemical reaction through the shed Fire inside Buildings is escalated by uncontained dangerous goods and other combustible products A3, Serious Almost certain High Current Other control options to consider Analysis and for preventative Procedures in place for cleaning up spills Spill station provided outside Buildings Spill containment provided for Buildings Store packages in single layer Training Remove block stacks and store packages in single layer Goods towards the top of the block stack may leak and their contents contaminate the goods below them, as discussed above. Yet block stacking allows for maximum use of space. An option would be to remove the block stacks and store crushable packages such as drums and kegs in a single layer on the floor. However, this scenario would greatly reduce the number of pallets which can be stored in Buildings. It is therefore impractical, because the amount of storage of Class 4.1, 4.2 and 9 dangerous goods requires the maximisation of the Buildings space, within acceptable safety limits. Reject. * Training Training must involve all store personnel and other relevant personnel in the properties of dangerous goods, and any other products stored in the shed, and in the safe work practices and procedures for handling and storing these products. Training will promote and enhance the effectiveness of procedures for storage and handling of dangerous goods in Buildings. Training of store persons who operate Buildings and nearby warehouses, in issues such as the properties of the Classes of dangerous goods in the shed, and the implications of incompatible storage, loss of containment, ignition sources and contamination will enhance the likelihood that safety procedures will be followed and awareness of the hazards involved will be maintained. Training on the procedures must occur for all store persons as ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 12
Analysis and for mitigating Performance standards and indicators Consequences with Likelihood with Rick with the procedure is changed, or as training is needed. All training must be recorded * Spill station provided on site A self-contained spill station must be provided onsite. The contents should include non-reactive, non-combustible absorbent material for placing over the spilled product, If a spill of dangerous goods occurs in any building for scooping the absorbed product up, over bags to place the scooped up product into, and over drum to place a leaking drum into. Correct PPE should also be provided. The spill station should be located near an exit outside Buildings. *Buildings are constructed with an internal bund. This permits the retention of spilled product and effluent and will also retain effluent from the foam hose reels, fire extinguishers or other fire fighting source provided by the QFRS, and minimises the chance of contamination of other areas of the site * Procedures in place for cleaning up spills. If a spill of dangerous goods occurs in any building, it must be cleaned up immediately and effectively, to eliminate exposure product, and reduce the risk of fire. The spills should be covered with unreactive absorbent material, and carefully scooped up with a shovel and placed in an overbag or over drum, which is then sealed for disposal. The procedure must be audited at least 6 monthly. A spill containment compound is provided for Buildings. The spill containment capacity of Buildings is in good repair and will retain spills and effluent to capacity. Training All personnel operating Buildings can demonstrate a basic understanding of the properties of dangerous goods and fully understand the procedural requirements in relation to Buildings operations, when questioned.. Procedures in place for cleaning up spills. Spills in Buildings are always cleaned up immediately and satisfactorily. Indicators: Spot checks show spills are not cleaned up immediately; inspections show residues are left behind after spills are cleaned up. Spill station provided outside Buildings. Spill station is located on site D1, Minor Unlikely Low ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 13
Hazard 4 Fire hazard from dust accumulation Hazard or possible cause of major incident Possible incidents and outcomes Consequence without Likelihood without Risk without Current Other control options to consider Fire hazard from dust and debris accumulation inside Buildings Fire in Buildings caused by dust igniting Dust containing combustible materials Fire is Buildings is escalated by dangerous goods and other combustible substances stored there. C4, Major Possible High Spill stations provided Fire hose reel provided Fire hydrants provided Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided Spill procedures provided Packages of dangerous goods are not to be opened inside Buildings Training Manually sweep dust around edges of block stacks, in areas where sweeper cannot reach. Keep doors closed at all times whilst not operating Buildings Analysis and for preventative Keep doors closed at all times whilst not operating Buildings. One method of entry of dust into Buildings is through the doorways, via gusts of wind. If the doors to Buildings are kept closed when the shed is not under operation, the amount of dust which blows into the shed will be reduced. All doors will need to be kept closed, including the roller door and the exit doors. However, this will not eliminate the dust accumulation in Buildings, since dust will enter with the forklift, and be swept up by the forklift as it maneuvers around the shed. It is also understood that this control would be operative only if it was certain that all put away and picking was completed for Buildings for the day, or not required for that day. ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 14
* Dangerous goods packages are not to be opened inside Buildings Transfer operations are generally not required for dangerous goods, which arrive at the site contained within UN approved containers in most cases. However, if dangerous goods are received in non-un approved containers, it will need to be transferred to UN approved containers before storage. If transfer does occur, it must not take place in Buildings, because the chance of contaminating the floor of the shed is increased, and pallets or other equipment or clothing may also become contaminated, thus increasing exposure of the product to possible ignition sources. Any such reaction inside Buildings would be likely to affect the other Classes of dangerous goods also stored there. These dangerous goods themselves may also create or contribute to incidents if they are transferred/decanted inside Buildings (see discussions for Hazards 2, and 3), which may in turn may involve the dangerous goods, resulting in explosion and fire, clearly transfer operations inside Buildings could put the entire shed, and indeed the site, at risk of powerful chemical reactions and fire, and these reactions and occurrences may impact the entire premises and the neighbourhood. Transfers must therefore be conducted in a controlled environment, such as a designated decanting area, which is provided with facilities for cleaning the transfer equipment, and which can be washed down following each decant operation. The floor of the decant area must be impervious and designed to retain the wash effluent and any spills are contained within the temporary bund. There must be a documented procedure for the transfer process, to commence. The procedure for decant/transfer must be presented in training to all store personnel, * Training Training must involve all store personnel and other relevant personnel in the properties of dangerous goods, and any other products stored in the shed, and in the safe work practices and procedures for handling and storing these products. Training will promote and enhance the effectiveness of procedures for storage and handling of dangerous goods in Buildings. Training of store persons who operate Buildings and nearby warehouses, in issues such as the properties of the Classes of dangerous goods in the shed, and the implications of incompatible storage, loss of containment, ignition sources and contamination will enhance the likelihood that safety procedures will be followed and awareness of the hazards involved will be maintained. Training on the procedures must occur for all store persons as the procedure is changed, or as training is needed. All training must be recorded ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 15
Analysis and for mitigating * Spill station on site. A self-contained spill station must be provided outside Buildings. The contents should include non-reactive, non-combustible absorbent material for placing over the spilled product, If a spill of dangerous goods occurs in any building for scooping the absorbed product up, over bags to place the scooped up product into, and over drum to place a leaking drum into. Correct PPE should also be provided. * Fire hose reels are provided Fire hose reels are is provided though out the site. The hose reel is provided with water from the fire mains that feeds the site, and foam from a container kept inside the hose reel cabinet. It provide a fire-fighting option for fires inside Buildings for small fires involving dangerous goods and combustible liquids, to prevent spread of fire and to keep the product cool, and to place a layer of foam on the surface of the product, thus removing oxygen from the fire. It can be used from a safe distance by Russell TLC personnel in undertaking initial fire control until the fire brigade arrive. The hose reel can also be used on the outside of the shed for fires involving goods kept against or adjacent to the walls. For larger fires, it provides an addition to other fighting equipment, in keeping the shed cool from the outside, and can be used in conjunction with the fire extinguishers (discussed below), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade.. The hose reel must be maintained in accordance with AS 1221, and installed in accordance with AS 2441, and must be checked and maintained by an external expert service provider every 6 months, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. * Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided There are currently fire extinguishers of the dry chemical type installed inside/outside Buildings, They are suitable for use on fires involving dangerous and non dangerous goods, which are also in Buildings They provide an optional addition to other fighting equipment, such as the foam hose reels (described above), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade. All stores personnel must be trained in the correct usage of the fire extinguishers. The fire extinguishers must be maintained in accordance with AS 1841.5 by an external expert service provider 6 monthly, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. The fire extinguishers must be installed in accordance with AS 2444, * Fire hydrants located outside Buildings. There are fire hydrants located outside the site, and are to be used by the fire brigade if they are required to attend a fire in Buildings. The fire hydrants are connected to mains water and are situated at points which would be suitable for fighting a fire involving Buildings. The hydrants must be maintained free from obstruction such as parking, loading and unloading of vehicles and other operational hazards. They are designed and installed in accordance with AS 2419.1. They must be maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4. * Procedures in place for cleaning up spills. If a spill of dangerous goods of or combustible substance, occurs in Buildings, it must be cleaned up immediately and effectively, to eliminate exposure product, and reduce the risk of fire or chemical reaction causing fire. The spills should be covered with unreactive absorbent material, and carefully scooped up and placed in an overbag or over drum, which is then sealed for disposal. ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 16
Performance standards and indicators Packages of dangerous goods are not to be opened inside Buildings All transfer operations performed in decant area, and never in Buildings. Fire hose reels provided Assess hose reel through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history hose reels, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Training All personnel operating Buildings can demonstrate a basic understanding of the properties of dangerous goods and fully understand the procedural requirements in relation to Buildings operations, when questioned.. Procedures in place for cleaning up spills. Spills in Buildings are always cleaned up immediately and satisfactorily. Spill station provided on site. Spill station is located on site with nessecary equipment for a spill Fire hydrants installed inside site The fire hydrants are maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4 Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided Assess fire extinguishers through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history for fire extinguishers, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Keep roller door closed at all times when not operating Buildings The roller door of Buildings is closed when Buildings is not being operated. Indicators: The roller door of Buildings is open when Buildings is not being operated. Consequences with Likelihood with Rick with E2, Minor Rare Low ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 17
Hazard 5 Ignition source from lighting Hazard or possible cause of major incident Ignition source from lighting inside Buildings. Possible incidents and Spark causes fire in Buildings. outcomes Fire is escalated by dangerous goods and other combustible substances, resulting destruction of the shed and evacuation of the site. Consequence without B5, catastrophic Likelihood without Likely Risk without High Current Spark proof lighting in Buildings. Other control options to consider Analysis and for preventative Fire hose reel provided Fire hydrants provided Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided Do not switch lighting on or off unless required. Ensure annual maintenance check of lighting and wiring by qualified electrician. * Maintain spark proof wiring and lighting, including all electrical fittings. All wiring and lighting inside Buildings is spark proof. This reduces the potential for the lighting or wiring inside Buildings to produce a spark and provide and ignition source for an explosion and fire inside Buildings involving the flammable and C1. Maintenance to be completed by appropriately qualified external provider. Do not switch lighting on or off unless required. Switching the lighting on or off can create a spark and therefore provide an ignition source into Buildings. The lighting and wiring inside Buildings is currently spark proof, however, if the wiring develops a fault, the switching on and off may create a spark unobserved by the operator, and only picked up by the maintenance expert when the wiring is checked. It would be advisable to only switch the lighting on or off when required, ie. on when the natural lighting is inadequate, and off when work is not required to be done in Buildings or the natural light becomes adequate. * Ensure annual maintenance check of lighting and wiring by qualified electrician. The lighting and wiring in Buildings is spark proof. This is required to eliminate the lighting as an ignition source in Buildings, which may cause an explosion of dust and start a fire in the shed, involving the flammable and combustible goods. To ensure the integrity of the wiring is maintained, the wiring and lighting must be checked and tagged by a trained expert electrician. ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 18
Analysis and for mitigating * Fire hose reels are provided Fire hose reels are is provided though out the site. The hose reel is provided with water from the fire mains that feeds the site, and foam from a container kept inside the hose reel cabinet. It provide a fire-fighting option for fires inside Buildings for small fires involving dangerous goods and combustible liquids, to prevent spread of fire and to keep the product cool, and to place a layer of foam on the surface of the product, thus removing oxygen from the fire. It can be used from a safe distance by Russell TLC personnel in undertaking initial fire control until the fire brigade arrive. The hose reel can also be used on the outside of the shed for fires involving goods kept against or adjacent to the walls. For larger fires, it provides an addition to other fighting equipment, in keeping the shed cool from the outside, and can be used in conjunction with the fire extinguishers (discussed below), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade.. The hose reel must be maintained in accordance with AS 1221, and installed in accordance with AS 2441, and must be checked and maintained by an external expert service provider every 6 months, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. * Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided There are currently fire extinguishers of the dry chemical type installed inside/outside Buildings, They are suitable for use on fires involving dangerous and non dangerous goods, which are also in Buildings They provide an optional addition to other fighting equipment, such as the foam hose reels (described above), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade. All stores personnel must be trained in the correct usage of the fire extinguishers. The fire extinguishers must be maintained in accordance with AS 1841.5 by an external expert service provider 6 monthly, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. The fire extinguishers must be installed in accordance with AS 2444, * Fire hydrants located outside Buildings. There are fire hydrants located outside the site, and are to be used by the fire brigade if they are required to attend a fire in Buildings. The fire hydrants are connected to mains water and are situated at points which would be suitable for fighting a fire involving Buildings. The hydrants must be maintained free from obstruction such as parking, loading and unloading of vehicles and other operational hazards. They are designed and installed in accordance with AS 2419.1. They must be maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4. ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 19
Performance standards and indicators Fire hose reels provided Assess hose reel through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history hose reels, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Fire hydrants installed inside site The fire hydrants are maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4 Spark proof lighting All wiring and electrical fitting inside flammable goods buildings are spark proof. Indicators: Sparks are seen from the light switch when switching on or off.. Light switches are not switched on/off needlessly All lights are left off when store persons are not operating Buildings, or during a sunny day and after closing. Indicators: Lights are switched on in Buildings first thing in the morning, before it is known what operating conditions will be like and whether they will be required. Lighting to be checked by electrician regularly. The lighting is to be checked by a qualified electrician Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided Assess fire extinguishers through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history for fire extinguishers, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Consequences with Likelihood with Rick with E1 Minor Rare Low ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 20
Hazard 6 Ignition source from forklift tynes scraping concrete Hazard or possible cause of major incident Possible incidents and outcomes Consequence without Likelihood without Risk without Current Electrical spark caused by forklift tynes hitting or scraping on concrete floor inside Buildings. Spark causes fire in Buildings. Fire is escalated by dangerous goods and other combustible substances stored there, resulting in destruction of the shed and requiring the evacuation of the site. D5, catastrophic Unlikely Medium Store persons keep forklift tynes above ground when traveling up or down the entry ramps to the shed. Other control options to consider Analysis and for preventative Fire hose reels provided Fire hydrants provided Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided Avoid scraping tynes on concrete when picking up pallets from the floor, or placing pallets down. Apply non-spark material to bottom of tynes. * Tynes to be kept above ground when traveling up or down the entry ramps If the metal tynes of the forklift scrape on the concrete inside Buildings, a spark may be generated, which may provide an ignition source for the explosion of dust and flammable vapours from the flammable or combustible dangerous goods and other combustible substances stored inside the shed. The ensuing fire could involve the entire shed, or part of the shed. The forklift ramp inside the shed provides entry and exit for the forklift over the top of the bund of the spill containment compound system. If the forklift tynes are too low, they will scrape the concrete as the forklift travels up, over or down the incline of the ramp, and onto the flat concrete surface inside the shed. This scraping may produce an ignition source, as discussed above. Additionally, if the forklift is traveling too fast to properly negotiate the ramp, the forklift can rock forward upon the heavily impacting the ramp or the even ground, and the tynes may scrape the floor. To reduce the risk of this hazard, the store persons must travel in and out of the shed with the tynes raised high, to avoid scraping them on the concrete. They must also travel at an appropriate speed (less than 10 km/h) to avoid heavy impact of the forklift as it enters of leaves the ramp. This will require care and forethought on behalf of the store person. Store personnel must be informed of the likelihood and dangers of creating this type of ignition source in Buildings, and how it can be avoided. This control, however, cannot be seen as a failsafe approach, since the human factor is involved, and the store person may forget or misjudge the level of the tynes. In any case, this control must ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 21
Analysis and for mitigating be implemented in the absence of non-metal forklift tynes. * Avoid scraping tynes on concrete when picking pallets from the floor, or placing pallets down. As discussed above, if the metal tynes of the forklift scrape on the concrete inside Buildings, a spark may be generated, which may provide an ignition source for the explosion of dust and flammable vapours from dangerous goods stored inside the shed. As a forklift places a pallet on the concrete floor, it sometimes travels forward with the tynes scraping the floor, and this can create an ignition source. Likewise, as a forklift approaches a pallet to pick it up off the concrete floor, it can scrape the concrete before it gets to the pallet, which would also create an ignition source. To reduce the risk of this hazard, the store person must approach the placing of a pallet, and the pick up of a pallet carefully and deliberately, so as not to scrape the concrete with the tynes and create an ignition source. To reduce the risk further, the store person should approach the pallet or the place the pallet down, with a slow action, to maximise control of the forklift. The forklift must be stationery before the load is put down or lifted up. Again, this control, cannot be seen as a failsafe approach, since the human factor is involved, and the store person may forget or misjudge the level of the tynes. In any case, this control must be implemented in the absence of non-metal forklift tynes. Apply non-spark material to bottom of tynes. As discussed above, if the metal tynes of the forklift scrape on the concrete inside Buildings, a spark may be generated, which may provide an ignition source for the explosion of dust and flammable vapours from the Class 4.1 and 4.2 dangerous goods stored inside the shed. This may occur when the forklift travels over the ramp entry into the shed or exiting the shed, or when placing or picking up pallets in the shed. One option would be to place rubber shoes over the tynes, or affix rubber or plastic to the bottoms and tips of the tynes, so that is they do scrape the concrete, the metal will not impact with the concrete, and an ignition source will not be created. This is impractical because the rubber or other material will wear quickly or scrape off. Also, rubber shoes could make the tynes too thick to fit into a pallet. Reject * Fire hose reels are provided Fire hose reels are is provided though out the site. The hose reel is provided with water from the fire mains that feeds the site, and foam from a container kept inside the hose reel cabinet. It provide a fire-fighting option for fires inside Buildings for small fires involving dangerous goods and combustible liquids, to prevent spread of fire and to keep the product cool, and to place a layer of foam on the surface of the product, thus removing oxygen from the fire. It can be used from a safe distance by Russell TLC personnel in undertaking initial fire control until the fire brigade arrive. The hose reel can also be used on the outside of the shed for fires involving goods kept against or adjacent to the walls. For larger fires, it provides an addition to other fighting equipment, in keeping the shed cool from the outside, and can be used in conjunction with the fire extinguishers (discussed below), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade.. The hose reel must be maintained in accordance with AS 1221, and installed in accordance with AS 2441, and must be checked and maintained by an external expert service provider every 6 months, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 22
Performance standards and indicators * Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided There are currently fire extinguishers of the dry chemical type installed inside/outside Buildings, They are suitable for use on fires involving dangerous and non dangerous goods, which are also in Buildings They provide an optional addition to other fighting equipment, such as the foam hose reels (described above), or fire fighting equipment provided by the fire brigade. All stores personnel must be trained in the correct usage of the fire extinguishers. The fire extinguishers must be maintained in accordance with AS 1841.5 by an external expert service provider 6 monthly, and the maintenance and repair records maintained on site. The fire extinguishers must be installed in accordance with AS 2444, * Fire hydrants located outside Buildings. There are fire hydrants located outside the site, and are to be used by the fire brigade if they are required to attend a fire in Buildings. The fire hydrants are connected to mains water and are situated at points which would be suitable for fighting a fire involving Buildings. The hydrants must be maintained free from obstruction such as parking, loading and unloading of vehicles and other operational hazards.they are designed and installed in accordance with AS 2419.1. They must be maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4. Fire hose reels provided Assess hose reel through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history hose reels, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Fire hydrants installed inside site The fire hydrants are maintained in accordance with AS 1851.4 Tynes to be kept high when travelling up or down the entry ramp. Tynes must be kept high enough not to scrape concrete when entering or exiting Buildings at all times. Ramps do not have marks to indicate crapping is taking place Avoid scraping tynes on concrete when picking pallets from the floor, or placing pallets down. Tynes must not scrape the concrete when placing a pallet or picking a pallet up, in Buildings. Dry chemical fire extinguishers are provided Assess fire extinguishers through a one-off independent analysis for effectiveness, to provide Standard to be achieved. Indicators: maintenance history for fire extinguishers, obtained through auditing maintenance records. Consequences with Likelihood with E1, Minor Rare ra-q-600 Rev B 06/12/2016 23