National Fire Protection Association 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 Phone: 617-770-3000 Fax: 617-770-0700 www.nfpa.org M E M O R A N D U M To: From: NFPA Technical Committee on Water Additives for Fire Control and Vapor Mitigation Sarah Caldwell, Project Administrator Date: September 2, 2015 Subject: NFPA 18A First Draft TC FINAL Ballot Results (F2016) According to the final ballot results, all ballot items received the necessary affirmative votes to pass ballot. 10 Members Eligible to Vote 1 Not Returned (R. Tinsley) 7 Affirmative on All Revisions (w/comment: T. Browder, M. Greiner, W. Groden, C. Johnson, B. Shugarman) 2 Negatives on one or more Revisions (M. Greiner, B. Shugarman) 0 Abstentions on one or more Revisions The attached report shows the number of affirmative, negative, and abstaining votes as well as the explanation of the vote for each first revision. There are two criteria necessary for each first revision to pass ballot: (1) simple majority and (2) affirmative 2 /3 vote. The mock examples below show how the calculations are determined. (1) Example for Simple Majority: Assuming there are 20 vote eligible committee members, 11 affirmative votes are required to pass ballot. (Sample calculation: 20 members eligible to vote 2 = 10 + 1 = 11) (2) Example for Affirmative 2 /3: Assuming there are 20 vote eligible committee members and 1 member did not return their ballot and 2 members abstained, the number of affirmative votes required would be 12. (Sample calculation: 20 members eligible to vote 1 not returned 2 abstentions = 17 x 0.66 = 11.22 = 12 ) As always please feel free to contact me if you have any questions.
First Revision No. 1-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 2.2 ] 2.2 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471. NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2010 2016 edition. NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, 2010 2016 edition. NFPA 15, Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection, 2007 2017 edition. NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, 2011 2017 edition. NFPA 1901, Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus, 2009 2016 edition. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:09:29 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated references to the latest edition per the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 8 Affirmative All 1 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM
of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng Affirmative with Comment Greiner, Michael T. Should also add NFPA 30 Combustible Liquid Code. The NFPA Funded Project showed these agents are viable for use on 3D Class B Flammable Liquid Rack Storage Applications
of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 2-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 2.3.1 ] 2.3.1 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. ASTM D92, Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester,2005a 2012b. ASTM D97, Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products, 2002 2012. ASTM D1293, Standard Test Methods for ph of Water, 1999 (2005 2012 ). ASTM D2196, Standard Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Viscometer, 2010 2015. ASTM D2240, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property Durometer Hardness, 2005 2010. ASTM E729, Standard Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Test Materials with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians, 1996 2014. ASTM G1, Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens,2003 2014. ASTM G31, Standard Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals, 1972 (2004 2011 ). Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:14:04 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated references to the latest edition per the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All
of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 3-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 2.3.3 ] 2.3.3 NACE Publications. NACE International, 1440 South Creek Drive, Houston, TX 77084-4906. NACE TM0169 NACE/ASTM TM0169 G0031 12A, Standard Test Method Laboratory Corrosion Testing of Metals, 2000. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:18:00 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated to the latest edition in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 4-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 2.3.7 ] 2.3.7 U.S. Government Publications. U.S. Government Printing Publishing Office, Washington, DC 20402 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001. Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 86.113-94, Air Programs, Fuel Specifications., 2012. Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 160, Pesticide Programs, Good Laboratory Practice., 2011. Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 792, Toxic Substances Control Act, Good Laboratory Practice., 2011. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:20:24 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated references to the latest edition in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M.
of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Wang, Qingsheng
of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 5-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 2.4 ] 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections. NFPA 10, Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers, 2010 2017 edition. NFPA 36, Standard for Solvent Extraction Plants, 2009 2017 edition. NFPA 1145, Guide for the Use of Class A Foams in Manual Structural Fire Fighting, 2011 2017 edition. NFPA 1150, Standard on Foam Chemicals for Fires in Class A Fuels, 2010 2017 edition. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:22:01 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated references to the latest edition in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 8 Affirmative All 1 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng Affirmative with Comment
of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Greiner, Michael T. Should also add NFPA 30 Combustible Liquid Code. The NFPA Funded Project showed these agents are viable for use on 3D Class B Flammable Liquid Rack Storage Applications
0 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 11-NFPA 18A-2015 [ New Section after 3.3.4 ] 3.3.5 Class C Fire. Class C fires are fires that involve energized electrical equipment. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 11:34:13 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: The definition was added to coordinate with the applications referenced in the standard. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 5 Affirmative All 4 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Foster, Brian R. Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Wang, Qingsheng Affirmative with Comment Browder, Tracy Develop test criteria for manual suppression operations. Develop test criteria for electrical arc suppression. Develop test criteria for extinguishers use with conductivity requirement limited to agents that pool. Greiner, Michael T. I move that the TC develops test standards for manual suppression operations, use of extinguishers with limitation on conductivity requirement for agents that do not pool and electrical arc suppression Groden, Walter
1 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Develop test standards for manual suppression, arc testing and use of extinguishers. Consideration for conductivity should be limited to agents that pool. Shugarman, Blake M. This material is extracted from ANSI/NFPA 10 and should be identified as such. In addition, the provisions of ANSI/NFPA 10 apply to the selection, installation, inspection, maintenance, recharging, and testing of portable fire extinguishers and Class D extinguishing agents. It is clear that water-based portable fire extinguishers used to comply with ANSI/NFPA 10 shall be listed and labeled and shall meet or exceed all the applicable requirements of ANSI/UL 711 (CAN/ULC-S508) fire test standard and the performance standard ANSI/UL 8 (CAN/ULC-S554), Water Based Agent Fire Extinguishers. Extinguishers listed for the Class C rating shall not contain an agent that is a conductor of electricity when tested in accordance with ASTM D 5391, Standard Test for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of a Flowing High Purity Water Sample. Fire extinguishers containing water-based agents that have a conductivity higher than 1.00 microsiemens/cm at 25 C (77 F) shall be considered a conductor of electricity and therefore shall not be rated Class C. [ANSI/NFPA 10]
2 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 10-NFPA 18A-2015 [ New Section after 4.2.2 ] 4.2.3 Hazards. Water additives shall be listed for one or more of the following applications: (1) Fuel handling coal storage (2) Fuel handling coal silo, bunkers, hoppers (3) Fuel handling coal dust collector (4) Fuel handling coal conveyor (5) Boiler front: multiple oil-fired burners/igniters (6) Regenerative air heaters (7) Flue gas bag type dust collectors (8) Transformer rectifier sets (9) Hydraulic control systems (10) Turbine generator area (11) Lubricating oil lines (12) Lubricating oil reservoirs and handling equipment (13) Turbine generator bearings (14) Emergency generators (15) Auxiliary boilers (16) Oil-filled transformer (17) Tire storage (18) Pressurized oil spray (19) Manual fire fighting operations (20) Flammable liquid rack storage (21) Aircraft (group III hangars) (22) Aircraft (manual suppression of pool fuel fires) (23) Hay and straw (24) Exposure protection (25) Energized electrical cable (26) Other applications as tested and as approved by the authority having jurisdiction Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 11:02:14 EDT 2015
3 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Committee Statement Committee Statement: The standard has lacked appropriate specific applications for water additives. These applications have been identified by industry users. Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 8 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 1 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng Negative with Comment Greiner, Michael T. No other agent standard has specific listing criteria to a specific application. For example, in NFPA 11, Foam, if you pass UL 162 Class B Test you are a foam and therefore lised and designed for all applications within NFPA 11. In NFPA 18A we already have qualification/listing test for Class A and Class B, Class B 3D. Once an agent passes those tests, how is the agent designed? This is the information that needs to go into this section rather than listing on each applications. For example, plain water is already used to extinguish hay and straw, we have several class A fire tests hat document the Water Additive performs better than water.
4 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 12-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 4.2.4 ] 4.2.5* Class C Fires. Water additive solution shall have the same limitations as water with respect to extinguishing fires involving energized electrical equipment solutions shall be evaluated for use on Class C fires in accordance with Chapter 8. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 11:38:36 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: The modification of Section 4.2.4 addresses the addition of testing for Class C suitability. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 7 Affirmative All 1 Affirmative with Comments 1 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Wang, Qingsheng Affirmative with Comment Johnson, Cecilia W. This statement appears to require that ALL water additives be evaluated for use on Class C fires. The evaluation should be based on the applications specified by the supplier, i.e. if the supplier is seeking evaluation only for
5 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Class A and Class B fires, that should be allowed. Negative with Comment Shugarman, Blake M. Since ANSI/NFPA 18A (section 9.1.1) permits the use of water additive concentrate complying with ANSI/NFPA 18A to be used with standard equipment provided said equipment is primarily designed to utilize water or foam as a medium of fire control and extinguishment, the information should remain as currently published: "Water additive solution shall have the same limitations as water with respect to extinguishing fires involving energized electrical equipment."
First Revision No. 19-NFPA 18A-2015 [ New Section after 5.3.4 ] 5.3.5 Alternate Viscosity Test Methods 5.3.5.1 Where the preferred method does not provide usable results, an alternative test method shall be permitted. 5.3.5.2 Where an alternative test method is used, the method and test conditions shall be documented and reported with the reported results. Supplemental Information File Name A.5.3.5.1_Alternate_Viscosity_Method.docx Description New alternate viscosity test method language for annex. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: JACQUELINE WILMOT Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Fri Jun 05 09:43:05 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Response Message: In situations where the viscosity is too low to obtain meaningful results, other recognized methods can be used, provided the test method and test conditions used to obtain the reported results are included in the documentation. Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy 6 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM
7 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
A.5.3.5.1 One example of a case where an alternative test method might be used is when the viscosity is too low to produce meaningful results.
8 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 14-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 6.1 ] 6.1* General. Water additive solutions for Class A fuels shall be tested and listed in accordance with all of the following fire test procedures: (1) Wood panel fire test (2) Wood crib fire test (3) Deep-seated fire test Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_18A_First_Revisions_-_Brandao_Additions.upload_to_terra.docx Description See new Table A.6.1. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: BARRY CHASE Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 14:15:16 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Response Message: New test added to correlate with new 6.4. Table A.6.1 attempts to relate the newly added suggested hazards to specific test methods. Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V.
9 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
Add: A.6.1. Table A.6.1 provides fire test methods for specific hazards. Table A.6.1 Fire Test Methods Applicable to Specific Hazards Hazard Applicable Fire Test Method Minimum Application Rate Fuel Handling Coal - Storage Section 6.4 As determined by test Fuel Handling Coal Silo, Bunkers, Section 6.4 As determined by test Hoppers Fuel Handling Coal Dust Collector Section 6.4 0.20 gal/min/ft 2 (8.1 mm/min) Fuel Handling Coal Conveyor Section 6.4 0.25 gal/min/ft 2 (10.2 mm/min) Boiler Front: Multiple Oil-Fired Burners/Igniters Section 7.5 0.25 gal/min/ft 2 (10.2 mm/min) Regenerative Air Heaters Section 7.5 0.60 gal/min/ft 2 (24.4 mm/min) Flue Gas Bag-Type Dust Collectors Section 7.5 0.20 gal/min/ft 2 (8.1 mm/min) Transformer-Rectifier Sets Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* 0.25 gal/min/ft 2 (10.2 mm/min) Hydraulic Control Systems Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* As determined by test Turbine-Generator Area Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* 0.30 gal/min/ft 2 (12.2 mm/min) Lubricating Oil Lines Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* 0.30 gal/min/ft 2 (12.2 mm/min) Lubricating Oil Reservoirs and Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* As determined by test Handling Equipment Turbine-Generator Bearings Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* 0.25 gal/min/ft 2 (10.2 mm/min) Emergency Generators Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* 0.25 gal/min/ft 2 (10.2 mm/min) Auxiliary Boilers Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* 0.25 gal/min/ft 2 (10.2 mm/min) Oil-Filled Transformer Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* 0.25 gal/min/ft 2 (10.2 mm/min) Tire Storage To be determined To be determined Pressurized Oil Spray Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* As determined by test Flammable Liquid Rack Storage Sections 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, & 7.5* As determined by test Aircraft (Group III Hangars) To be determined To be determined Aircraft (Manual Suppression of Pool Sections 7.2, 7.3, & 7.4 As determined by test Fuel Fires) Hay & Straw To be determined To be determined Exposure Protection Section 7.7** As determined by test Energized Electrical Cable Section 8.2*** As determined by test *Testing per Sections 7.2, 7.3, & 7.4 are for manual determination of manual firefighting effectiveness, while Section 7.5 is intended to evaluate effectiveness when used in a fixed system. **Testing per Section 7.7 (reviewers please note: was 7.6 prior to insertion of new 7.5) is for determination of effectiveness in rendering fuel spills non-reignitable during overhaul operations and until they can be removed. ***Testing per Section 8.2 is intended to determine the safety of application of water additive solutions to equipment that may be energized. When equipment is de-energized, extinguishment as appropriate to the remaining Class A or B hazard.
0 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 13-NFPA 18A-2015 [ New Section after 6.3 ] 6.4* Deep-Seated Fire Test. The ability of the water additive solution to extinguish deep-seated fires shall be evaluated for the relevant applications. Supplemental Information File Name 18A-FR13.docx Description New Annex Material explaining deep-seated fires Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: BARRY CHASE Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 13:34:49 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Response Message: A test is required to address some of the specific applications of water additives. The test procedure provided in the new annex material was proposed in a Fire Protection Research Foundation report. Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J.
1 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
NFPA 18A FR-13 A.6.4 Deep Seated Fire Test. The Class A coal fire represents a challenging deep seated fire with real life applications. For example, stored coal is subject to self-heating and potential combustion. The resulting fires are deep seated and difficult to extinguish. During these tests, water and representative additives would be applied to the top of a suspended drum containing the coal fire. The flow rate of the water or water plus additive would be varied over successive tests utilizing a bracketing technique to determine the minimum flow rate required to extinguish the fire within 2 minutes of the start of the agent application. Test Apparatus. This apparatus consists of a 208 L (55 gal) steel drum suspended 25 cm (10 in) above a water collection pan. The top and bottom of the drum will be removed with a screen supported with an angle iron cross brace installed on the bottom of the drum to support the coal. The 10 cm (4 in) gap between the elevation of the lip of the pan and the bottom of the drum will allow for the free flow air to supply the fuel combustion and to allow the water or water with additive to drain from the drum. The drum would be filled with coal to a level 10 cm (4 in) from the top of the drum. The space at the top of the drum would prevent the overflow of the water or water with additive from the top of the drum. The coal to be utilized for these tests should come from the same source for all of the tests to be conducted to ensure that the variation in coal supply does not influence the evaluation. A consistent coal size should be used; for example, a range of 0.8 to 1.4 cm (0.3 to 0.6 in) Buck size. The coal pile would be ignited with a tubular heater inserted 20 cm (8 in) from the bottom of the coal layer. Thermocouples would be inserted into the coal to monitor the coal combustion. The water or water with additive would be discharged from a pressurized 75 L (20 gal) tank. A quarter turn ball valve on the tank outlet would control the flow of the agent. The agent would flow from the tank and discharge onto the top of the coal pile from a nozzle suspended 27 cm (11 in) above the top of the coal pile with a nozzle with a 90 full cone pattern. If a nozzle with a different spray pattern is used, then the height of the nozzle will be adjusted to achieve full coverage over the top surface of the coal pile. The tank would be pressurized with nitrogen utilizing a commercial nitrogen cylinder with a pressure regulator installed on the outlet of the cylinder. The square water collection pan would have nominal dimensions of 71 cm (28 in) on a side with a depth of 15 cm (6 in) designed to contain the maximum of 75 L (20 gal) of water to be discharged during a test. The apparatus is shown in Figure A.6.4.
Figure A.6.4 Deep Seated Fire Test Apparatus. (Source: Scheffey, et al., 2013) Test Procedure. 1. The steel drum would be filled with coal to a level 10 cm (4 in) from the top of the drum and the tubular heater connected to the power supply. 2. The agent tank would be filled with water or water plus additive and pressurized with nitrogen. The outlet of the tank would be connected to the discharge piping leading to the desired nozzle. The water collection pan would be located below the steel drum. 3. The tubular heater would be energized and the thermocouples monitored for signs of combustion. The application of the water or water with additive would be started 1 minute after the observation of visible smoke above the coal pile. 4. The water application would be stopped and the test concluded when there are no signs of continued combustion (smoke or raised temperatures). 5. The duration of the water application and the application rate would be recorded. 6. The steel drum and the water collection pan would then be emptied and dried in preparation for the next test. Test Results. The minimum application rate required to cause extinguishment would be determined utilizing a bracketing technique. The determined application rate requirements determined for the additives could then be compared to that required for water alone to illustrate the performance enhancement due to the use of the additive.
The primary challenge in using this apparatus is maintaining a consistent coal sizing through successive tests. Previous tests by the U.S. Coast Guard [Schultz, et al., 1990] have shown that penetration of the suppression agent throughout the pile is a key to effectiveness and is affected by the size of the coal briquettes utilized. New References for Annex E: Schultz, Harry E., III, and Richards, Robert C., Suppression Methods for Deep Seated Coal Fires, Report Number CG-M-2-90, United States Coast Guard, Washington, D.C., March 1990. Scheffey, J., et al., Evaluation of Water Additives for Fire Control and Vapor Mitigation, Phase I Final Report, Fire Protection Research Foundation, Quincy, MA, 2013.
2 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 15-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 7.1 ] 7.1 General. Water additive solutions for Class B fuels shall be tested and listed in accordance with one or more of the following test procedures: (1) Spill fire test (2) Pool fire test (3) Three-dimensional fuel fire test for manual application (4) Three-dimensional fuel fire test for fixed fire suppression (5) Polar solvent fire test (6) Emulsification test (7) Fuel in depth fire test Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: BARRY CHASE Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 14:33:31 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: The list was revised to correlate with the new fire test for three dimensional hazards. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 8 Affirmative All 1 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R.
3 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng Affirmative with Comment Greiner, Michael T. I suggest this section can be cleaned up. 1. #2) Pool Fire and 7) Fuel in depth fire are the same. 2. Do we need to different manual and fixed system for only the 3D Class B Fire. I would suggest the manual and fixed system could be applicable to all Class A and Class B fires and should go in the body language. 3.Polar solvent test.is this for spill fire, pool fire, 3D fire. I would suggest like the foam standard that this too could be a part of the body language. (i.e., Agents shall be listed for manual and/or fixed system application for the specific fuel for the following applications: 1) Spill fire 2) Fuel In Depth 3) 3D Class B 4) Pressure Spray Fire 5) etc, etc,
4 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 17-NFPA 18A-2015 [ New Section after 7.4 ] 7.5* Three-Dimensional Fire Test for Fixed Fire Suppression. The ability of the water additive to extinguish three-dimensional fires in fixed suppression systems shall be evaluated for the intended application. Supplemental Information File Name 18A-FR17.docx Description New Annex Material - A.7.5 Three-Dimensional Fire Test for Fixed Fire Suppression Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: BARRY CHASE Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 14:36:30 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Response Message: A test is required to address some of the specific applications of water additives. The test procedure provided in the new annex material was proposed in a Fire Protection Research Foundation report. Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J.
5 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
A.7.5 Three-Dimensional Fire Test for Fixed Fire Suppression. Test Setup. The Class B pool fire containment area should be 50 ft 2 (7.07 ft on a side); the height of the pan should be 1.0 ft. The pan should be filled with diesel approximately 1 in. deep. The pan should be filled with water such that the freeboard height (i.e., the height between the top lip of the pan and the top of the fuel) is 8.0 in. The test pan should be self-leveling such that the free-board height remains relatively constant throughout the test. An elbow and pipe connected to the bottom of the pan should drain off the leveling water as fuel from the cascade and water from the sprinklers accumulates in the pan. Initially the pan should incorporate 0.25 gal of heptane on top of the diesel as an accelerant to increase flame spread across the pool. The test apparatus should be a cascade array, consisting of five inclined trays mounted above a 3.25 ft square pan. The fuel should be discharged onto the top tray and allowed to flow down that tray to the tray below, which should be inclined in the opposite direction. Fuel should be discharged through a two pipe manifold; the top most pipe should be connected to the fuel supply at one end and to the bottom pipe by three vertical pipes, one at the center and one near each end. The three connections are intended to balance the flow to the bottom pipe. A slit, 0.25 in. wide and 2.0 ft long, in the bottom pipe allows the fuel to flow evenly onto the tray below. The fuel should flow successively down each of the inclined trays prior to reaching the bottom pan. The bottom pan should have a notch cut in the front of the pan to facilitate the flow of the fuel to the larger containment pan. The bottom pan of the fuel cascade should be initially filled with 1.0 in. of water and 1.2 gal of diesel, with 0.05 gal of heptane as an accelerant. The cascade apparatus should be centered within the containment pan. The containment pan should be filled with 2 in. of water. A fuel flow rate of 2 gpm should be used. The flow rate through the fuel system should be measured using a flow meter. Figure A.7.5(a) and Figure A.7.5(b) show general layouts of the test area and test setup.
Figure A.7.5(a) Cascade Array. (Source: Scheffey et al, 2013)
Figure A.7.5(b) Test Setup. (Source: Scheffey et al, 2013) A modified UL 162 sprinkler test should be used for this test. The parameters are as follows: Test pan 50 ft 2 (7.07 ft x 7.07 ft) Nozzle height 15 ft to centerline of piping Sprinkler grid 4 sprinklers located near the corners of the pan Cascade apparatus centered in 50 ft 2 test pan Test Procedure. 1. Ignite the fuel in the cascade pan. 2. One minute after full- involvement of the pan, initiate the fuel flow to the cascade. 3. Thirty seconds after full-involvement of the cascade as determined by visual observation, begin application of the water with additive. 4. Stop the sprinkler system flow after the fire is extinguished or a minimum five minute application period has been completed, whichever comes first. Test Results. The following criteria should be applied to determine successful extinguishment: (a) no trays burning, fire just in cascade pan; or (b) if bottom cascade pan extinguished, fire on just one tray.
6 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 16-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. 7.4 ]
7.4 Three-Dimensional Fuel Fire Test for Manual Application. 7.4.1 General. 7.4.1.1 Water additive concentrates shall be evaluated for aviation applications or industrial applications, or both, and shall be listed only for those applications for which they have been successfully tested. 7.4.1.2 To be listed for the extinguishment of three-dimensional fires, water additive solutions prepared at the minimum concentration specified for use by the manufacturer shall be tested and listed as described in this section. (See Annex D.) 7.4.2 Fuel. 7.4.2.1 Water additives shall be tested against a free-flowing running fuel fire. 7.4.2.2 For aviation (A) applications, the fuel shall be jet petroleum Grade A. 7.4.2.3 For industrial (I) applications, the fuel shall be commercial heptane. 7.4.3* Flow Adjustments. For the purpose of this fire test, fuel shall be adjusted to flow slowly down both sides of the vertical cascade at a total fuel flow rate of 13.25 L/min ± 1.9 L/min. 7.4.4 Wind Speed. Maximum wind speed for this test sequence shall be less than 8 kph. 7.4.5 Water. 7.4.5.1 The lower collection basin of the tower system shall be charged with 101 mm of freshwater at less than 38 C. 7.4.5.2 The vertical tower column shall have water free flowing through the tower cooling system, and the vertical tower temperature prior to the test shall be below 38 C. 7.4.6 Preburn. 7.4.6.1 The basin area shall contain 18.9 L of fuel prior to ignition. 7.4.6.2 The fuel shall be ignited and allowed to preburn for a minimum of 45 seconds. 7.4.6.3 In the event both faces of the test apparatus are not fully involved after 45 seconds, the preburn time shall be extended until full involvement is achieved. 7.4.7 Application of Water Additive. 7.4.7.1 Water additive solution shall be applied with a non-air-aspirated nozzle, an air-aspirated nozzle, or a compressed air foam system. 7.4.7.2 When an air-aspirated nozzle or compressed air system is used, foam quality tests shall be conducted and reported in accordance with CAN/ULC S560. 7.4.7.3 For aviation fuel, the water additive solution application rate shall be a maximum of 151 L/min, and extinguishment shall occur in 20 seconds or less. 7.4.7.4 For industrial applications, the water additive solution application rate shall be a maximum of 227 L/min, and extinguishment shall occur in 45 seconds or less. 7.4.8 Distance to Fire. 7.4.8.1 At the start of application, fire fighters shall position themselves at the front of the cascade system at least 6.1 m from the closest corner of the cascade fuel basin. 7.4.8.2 At no time shall a fire fighter get closer than 3 m to accomplish the extinguishing process. 7 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM
7.4.8.3 Fire fighters shall remain within an arc of no more than 1.52 m left or right of the closest corner starting point of the collection basin. 7.4.9 Performance. For each application (aviation or industrial) to be listed, three fires in a maximum of six total trials shall meet the performance requirements of 7.4.7.3 or 7.4.7.4. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: BARRY CHASE Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 14:35:22 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: The title was revised to distinguish this test from the new test for fixed systems. Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng 8 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM
First Revision No. 18-NFPA 18A-2015 [ New Section after 7.7 ] Chapter 8 Class C Fire Test Methods 8.1 General. Water additive solutions for Class C fires shall be tested and listed in accordance with one or more of the following test procedures: (1) Conductivity test Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_18A-_to_upload_to_FR-18.docx Description New chapter 9 material in attachment (only 1 section). Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: BARRY CHASE Organization: NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOC Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Wed Apr 29 15:43:40 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: A new chapter has been added to address Class C Fire Test Methods. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 7 Affirmative All 2 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Groden, Walter 9 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM
0 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Wang, Qingsheng Affirmative with Comment Greiner, Michael T. Need to develop the particular conductivity testing Shugarman, Blake M. The word 'fire' in the title should be deleted. The conductivity test should be defined by reference to an applicable standard and a minimum requirement indicated. This information should be consistent with ANSI/NFPA 10 with regard to the conductivity test method and requirements. ANSI/NFPA 10 does not make a distinction whether the agent is capable of pooling or not.
NFPA 18A FR18 Chapter 8 - Class C Fire Test Methods 8.1 General. Water additive solutions for Class C fires shall be tested and listed in accordance with one or more of the following test procedures: (1) Conductivity test.
1 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 6-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. E.1.1 ] E.1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471. NFPA 11, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, 2010 2016 edition. NFPA 18, Standard on Wetting Agents, 2011 2017 edition. NFPA 1150, Standard on Foam Chemicals for Fires in Class A Fuels, 2010 2017 edition. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:23:09 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated references to the latest edition in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
2 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 7-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. E.1.2.1 ] E.1.2.1 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. ASTM E1623, Standard Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL), 2004 2014. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:23:47 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated references to the latest edition in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
3 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 8-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. E.1.2.5 ] E.1.2.5 U.S. Government Publications. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 Publishing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001. Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 178.600, Specifications for Packaging, Purpose and Scope., 2011. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:25:21 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated references to the latest edition in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng
4 of 34 9/2/2015 1:23 PM First Revision No. 9-NFPA 18A-2015 [ Section No. E.3 ] E.3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections. NFPA 11, Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam, 2010 2016 edition. Schultz, Harry E., III, and Richards, Robert C., Suppression Methods for Deep Seated Coal Fires, Report Number CG-M-2-90, United States Coast Guard, Washington, D.C., March 1990. Submitter Information Verification Submitter Full Name: Jacqueline Wilmot Organization: [ Not Specified ] Street Address: City: State: Zip: Submittal Date: Mon Apr 27 23:25:50 EDT 2015 Committee Statement Committee Statement: Updated references to the latest edition in accordance with the NFPA Manual of Style. Response Message: Ballot Results This item has passed ballot 10 Eligible Voters 1 Not Returned 9 Affirmative All 0 Affirmative with Comments 0 Negative with Comments 0 Abstention Not Returned Tinsley, Jr., Robert E. Affirmative All Brandao, Armand V. Browder, Tracy Foster, Brian R. Greiner, Michael T. Groden, Walter Halpin III, Gerald J. Johnson, Cecilia W. Shugarman, Blake M. Wang, Qingsheng