Acorus calamus (Sweet Flag) Sand, Loam None 2-3 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun Green Companion Plantings: Iris virginica shrevei, Sagittaria latifolia, Peltandra virginica, Pontederia cordata, Sparganium eurycarpum Alisma subcordatum (Subcordate Water Plantain) Loam, Clay Low 1-3 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Sep White Allium cernuum (Nodding Wild Onion) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-2 ft.5-1 ft Jul-Aug White-Pink Companion Plantings: Liatris spicata, Sporobolus heterolepis, Schizachyrium scoparium, Petalostemum purpureum, Rudbeckia fulgida, Coreopsis palmata Amorpha canescens (Lead Plant) 2-3 ft 1-3 ft Jun-Aug Andropogon gerardii (Big Bluestem) Sand, Loam, Clay (Medium) 6-8 ft 1-3 ft Jul-Aug (Coarse) Anemone cylindrica (Thimbleweed) Sand Low 1-3 ft.5-1 ft Jun-Jul White Angelica atropurpurea (Purple-Stem Angelica) Sand, Loam (Medium) 5-8 ft 3-4 ft May-Jun White Aquilegia canadensis (Wild Columbine) Sand, Loam Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun Red-Pink Asclepias incarnata (Marsh Milkweed) Loam, Clay Low 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Pink Companion Plantings: Verbena hastata, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Mimulus ringens, Lobelia siphilitica, Silphium perfoliatum, Vernonia gigantea, Liatris spicata Asclepias syriaca (Common Milkweed) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug Pink Asclepias tuberosa (Butterfly Milkweed) Sand, Loam, Clay None 1-3 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug Orange Companion Plantings: Sporobolus heterolepis, Tradescantia ohiensis, Echinacea pallida, Pycnanthemum virginianum, Carex bicknellii, Penstemon digitalis Asclepias verticillata (Whorled Milkweed) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft 0.5-1 ft Jul-Aug White Aster ericoides (White Heath Aster) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-3 ft 2-3 ft Sep-Oct White Companion Plantings: Aster laevis, Aster novae-angliae Aster firmus (Shining Aster) Loam, Clay None 3-4 ft 1-2 ft Sep-Oct White Aster laevis (Smooth Blue Aster) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-4 ft 1-2 ft Sep-Oct Lavender Companion Plantings: Solidago speciosa, Schizachyrium scoparium, Solidago rigida Aster macrophyllus (Big-Leaved Aster) Loam, Clay None 2-3 ft 0.5-1 ft Sep-Oct Purple Aster novae-angliae (New England Aster) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-5 ft 1-3 ft Sep-Oct Purple Companion Plantings: Aster umbellatus, Helenium autumnale, Solidago rigida, Eupatorium rugosum, Solidago riddellii, Aster laevis, Aster firmus, Rudbeckia triloba Aster puniceus (Swamp Aster) Loam, Clay None 3-4 ft 1-2 ft Sep-Oct White Aster umbellatus (Flat-Top White Aster) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Sep-Oct White
Baptisia leucantha (White Wild Indigo) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 4-6 ft 3-4 ft Jun-Jul White Bidens cernua (Nodding Beggar-Ticks) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-5 ft 1-3 ft Jun-Sep Yellow Bidens frondosa (Devil's Beggar's Ticks) Loam Low 2-4 ft 2-3 ft Aug-Sep Yellow Bouteloua curtipendula (Side-Oats Grama) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-3 ft.5-1 ft Jul-Aug (Medium) Brickellia eupatoroides (False Boneset) Sand, Loam, Clay None 1-3 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep White Bromus pubescens (Woodland Brome) Sand, Loam None 3-4 ft 0.5 ft Jun-Jul (Medium) Calamagrostis canadensis (Blue Joint Grass ) Loam, Clay None 3-5 ft 3-5 ft May-Jun (Medium) Carex annectans (Yellow Fruit Sedge ) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Fine) Carex bicknellii (Bicknell's Sedge ) Sand, Loam, Clay None 2-3 ft 2-3 ft May-Jun (Medium) Companion Plantings: Stipa spartea, Tradescantia ohiensis, Sporobolus heterolepis, Asclepias tuberosa Carex comosa (Bearded Sedge) Loam, Clay Low 1-3 ft 1-3 ft Jun-Jul (Coarse) Carex crinita (Fringed Sedge) Sand, Loam, Clay None 2-3 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Medium) Carex cristatella (Crested Sedge) Loam, Clay Low 1-3 ft 1-3 ft May-Jun (Fine) Companion Plantings: Iris virginica shrevei, Lobelia siphilitica, Lobelia cardinalis, Rudbeckia fulgida Carex crus-corvi (Raven-Foot Sedge) Sand, Loam, Clay High 4-6 ft 3 ft Jun (Coarse) Carex emoryi (Riverbank Sedge) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 2-3 ft 2-3 ft Apr-May (Fine) Carex frankii (Frank's Sedge) Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul (Coarse) Carex granularis (Meadow Sedge) Loam, Clay Low 1-2 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Medium) Companion Plantings: Allium cernuum Carex grayi (Asa's Gray Sedge) Sand, Loam Low 1-2 ft.5-1 ft May-Jun (Medium) Companion Plantings: Iris virginica shrevei, Lobelia siphilitica, Lobelia cardinalis Carex hystericina (Porcupine Sedge) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Medium) Carex lacustris (Lakebank Sedge) Loam, Clay Medium 2-4 ft 2-4 ft Apr-May (Coarse) Carex lupulina (Hop Sedge) Loam Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Coarse) Carex lurida (Shallow Sedge) Sand, Loam Low 1-2 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Coarse) Carex molesta (Troublesome Sedge) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2 ft 2 ft May-Jun (Medium) Carex muskingumensis (Muskingum Sedge) Loam, Clay None 1-2 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Fine) Carex normalis (Larger Straw Sedge) Loam, Clay None 1-3 ft 1-3 ft May-Jun (Fine) Carex pellita (Wooly Sedge) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-2 ft 1-2 ft May (Fine) Carex pennsylvanica (Pennsylvania Sedge) Sand, Loam Low.5-1 ft 0.5 ft Apr-May (Fine) Carex scoparia (Lance-Fruited Oval Sedge) Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 2-3 ft May (Fine) Carex shortiana (Short's Sedge) Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 2-3 ft May (Medium) Carex squarrosa (Squarrose Sedge) Sand, Loam Low 1-2 ft 1 ft May-Jun (Medium) Carex stipata (Stalk-Grain Sedge) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 2-3 ft May (Medium) Carex stricta (Uptight Sedge) Sand, Loam Low 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Apr-May (Fine)
Carex tribuloides (Blunt Broom Sedge) Sandy,Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 2-3 ft May (Fine) Carex trichocarpa (Hairy-Fruited Lake Sedge) Loam, Clay Low 2-4 ft 2-4 ft May (Fine) Carex vulpinoidea (Fox Sedge) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft 1-2 ft May-Jul (Fine) Companion Plantings: Iris virginica shrevei, Lobelia siphilitica, Lobelia cardinalis, Rudbeckia fulgida Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey Tea) Sand, Loam None 3-4 ft 3-4 ft Jul-Aug White Companion Plantings: Echinacea pallida, Tradescantia ohiensis Cephalanthus occidentalis (Common Buttonbush) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 8-12 ft 8-12 ft Jul-Aug White Chasmanthium latifolium (Northern Sea Oats) Sand, Loam Low 2-3 ft 2 ft Jul-Aug (Coarse) Chelone glabra (White Turtlehead) Sand, Loam, Clay None 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep White Cinna arundinacea (Stout Wood Reedgrass) Loam None 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep (Medium) Coreopsis lanceolata (Lance-Leaved Coreopsis) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-3 ft.5-1 ft May-Jul Yellow Companion Plantings: Asclepias tuberosa, Echinacea pallida, Verbena stricta, Penstemon digitalis, Tradescantia ohiensis, Petalostemum purpureum Coreopsis palmata (Prairie Tickseed) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-3 ft.5-1 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Companion Plantings: Koeleria cristata Coreopsis tripteris (Tall Coreopsis) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 6-8 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep Yellow Echinacea pallida (Pale Purple Coneflower) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-4 ft.5-1 ft Jun-Jul Pale Purple Companion Plantings: Baptisia leucantha, Eryngium yuccifolium, Sporobolus heterolepis, Asclepias tuberosa, Silphium sp., Ceanothus americanus, Echinacea purpurea Echinacea purpurea (Purple Coneflower) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-4 ft 1 ft Jun-Aug Pink Companion Plantings: Rudbeckia sp., Ratibida pinnata, Echinacea pallida, Eryngium yuccifolium, Senna hebecarpa, Parthenium integrifolium, Heliopsis helianthoides, Silphium sp. Eleocharis erythropoda (Bald Spike Rush) Sand, Loam Medium 1-2 ft.5 ft May-Jul (Medium) Eleocharis palustris (Creeping Spike Rush) Sand, Clay Low 1-2 ft.5 ft May-Jun (Fine) Elymus canadensis (Canada Wild Rye) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul (Coarse) Elymus riparius (Riverbank Wild Rye) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug (Coarse) Elymus villosus (Silky Wild Rye) Loam None 1-3 ft.5-1 ft Jun (Fine) Elymus virginicus (Virginia Wild Rye) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul (Coarse) Epilobium coloratum (Willowherb) Companion Plantings: Helianthus mollis Eryngium yuccifolium (Rattlesnake Master) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug White Companion Plantings: Silphium sp., Liatria Spicata, Heliosis helianthoides, Echinacea sp., Rudbeckia fulgida, Ratibida pinnata, Rudbeckia hirta, Senna hebecarpa Eupatorium maculatum (Spotted Joe Pye Weed) Sand, Loam, Clay None 4-6 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep Pink Companion Plantings: Verbena hastata, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Pycnanthemum virginianum, Senna hebecarpa, Aster umbellatus, Rudbeckia triloba Eupatorium perfoliatum (Common Boneset) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Sep White Companion Plantings: Verbena hastata, Asclepias incarnata, Mimulus ringens, Eupatorium purpureum, Eupatorium maculatum Eupatorium purpureum (Purple Joe Pye Weed) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 5-7 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Pink Companion Plantings: Eupatorium maculatum, Eupatorium perfoliatum
Eupatorium rugosum (White Snakeroot) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-4 ft 2-3 ft Sep-Oct White Euthamia graminifolia (Flat-Top Fragrant Goldenrod) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-5 ft 2-3 ft Aug-Sep Yellow Filipendula rubra (Queen-of-the-Prairie) Loam, Clay Low 4-5 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug Pink Companion Plantings: Senna hebecarpa, Iris virginica shrevei, Liatris spicata, Pycnanthemum virginianum, Veronicastrum virginicum, Vernonia gigantea, Verbena hastata Frasera caroliniensis (American Columbo) Sand, Loam None 5-7 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun White Gentiana andrewsii (Fringe-Top Bottle Gentian) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-2 ft.5-1 ft Aug-Oct Blue Geum triflorum (Prairie Smoke) Sand, Loam None 0.5-1 ft 0.5-1 ft May-Jun Pink Glyceria striata (Fowl Manna Grass) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-4 ft.5 ft May-Jun (Medium) Helenium autumnale (Common Sneezeweed) Loam, Clay Low 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Sep-Oct Yellow Companion Plantings: Lobelia siphilitica Helianthus grosseserratus (Sawtooth flower) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 5-10 ft 2-3 ft Aug-Sep Yellow Helianthus mollis (Downy flower) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-6 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Sep Yellow Companion Plantings: Liatris aspera, Petalostemum purpureum, Verbena stricta, Eryngium yuccifolium, Schizachyrium scoparium, Vernonia gigantea Helianthus occidentalis (Few-Leaf flower) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Companion Plantings: Koeleria cristata Helianthus pauciflorus (Prairie flower) Sand, Loam Low 3-6 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep Yellow Heliopsis helianthoides (False flower) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 4-6 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Companion Plantings: Vernonia gigantea, Monarda fisulosa, Verbena stricta, Liatris spicata, Eryngium yuccifolium Hibiscus palustris (Swamp Rose Mallow) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 4-7 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep White-Pink Hypericum pyrimidatum (Great St. John's Wort) Sand, Loam Clay None 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Hystrix patula (Bottlebrush Grass) Sand, Loam Low 3-5 ft.5-1 ft Jun-Jul (Coarse) Iris virginica shrevei (Blue Flag Iris) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 2-4 ft 1-2 ft May-Jul Blue-Purple Companion Plantings: Acornus calumus, Carex sp., Sagittaria latifolia, Peltandra virginica,pontedaria cordata, Sparganium eurycarpum, Filipendula rubra Juncus effusus (Soft Rush) Loam Medium 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul (Medium) Juncus torreyi (Torrey's Rush) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft.5 ft Jul-Aug (Medium) Justicia americana (Water Willow) Sand, Loam Low 1-2 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul Pink Koeleria cristata (June Grass) Sand Low 1-2 ft.5 ft May-Jun (Fine), Penstemon digitalis, Coreopsis palmata, Helianthus occidentalis Leersia oryzoides (Rice Cut Grass) Sand, Loam Medium 2-4 ft.5-1 ft Aug-Sep (Medium) Lespedeza captiata (Round-Headed Bushclover) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-4 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep White Liatris aspera (Rough Blazing Star) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-4 ft.5 ft Jul-Sep Purple Liatris scariosa nieuwlandii (Savanna Blazing Star) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft.5 ft Jul-Aug Purple Liatris spicata (Spiked Gayfeather) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-5 ft.5 ft Jul-Aug Purple Companion Plantings: Senna hebecarpa, Allium cernuum, Liatris sp., Rudbeckia sp., Pycnanthemum virginianum, Eryngium yuccifolium, Parthenium integrifolium
Lobelia cardinalis (Cardinal Flower) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft.5 ft Aug-Sep Red Companion Plantings: Lobelia siphilitica, Physostegia virginiana, Scirpus cyperinus, Carex spp., Asclepias incarnata, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Mimulus ringens Lobelia siphilitica (Great Blue Lobelia) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-3 ft.5-1 ft Aug-Sep Blue-Purple Companion Plantings: Helenium autumnale, Asclepias incarnata, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Eupatorium purpureum Ludwigia alternifolia (Bushy Seedbox) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Lupinus perennis (Wild Blue Lupine) Sand, Loam Medium 1-2 ft 1-2 ft Apr-May Blue-Purple Lycopus americanus (American Bugleweed) Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug White Lysimachia ciliata (Fringed Loosestrife) Loam None 1-2 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Sep Yellow Mimulus ringens (Alleghany Monkey Flower) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 2-5 ft.5-1 ft Jul- Sep Lavender Companion Plantings: Asclepias incarnata, Eupatorium perfoliatum Monarda fistulosa (Wild Bergamot) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-5 ft 1-3 ft Jul-Aug Lavender Companion Plantings: Panicum virgatum, Senna hebecarpa, Asclepias syriaca, Heliopsis helianthoides, Ratibida pinnata, Silphium sp., Rudbeckia triloba, Echinacea purpurea, Coreopsis tripteris Panicum virgatum (Switch Grass) Sand, Loam, Clay High 5-7 ft 2-3 ft Jun-Aug (Medium) Companion Plantings: Schizachyrium scoparium, Sporobolus heterolepis, Monarda fistulosa, Ratibida pinnata Parthenium integrifolium (Wild Quinine) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-4 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug White Companion Plantings: Liatris spicata, Echinacea pallida, Asclepias tuberosa Peltandra virginica (Arrow Arum) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul Green Penstemon digitalis (Foxglove Beardtongue) Loam, Clay Low 2-4 ft.5-1 ft May-Jul White Companion Plantings: Coreopsis lanceolata, Tradescantia ohiensis, Echinacea pallida, Lupinus perennis, Zizia aurea, Rudbeckia hirta Penstemon hirsutus (Hairy Beardtongue) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-2 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul Purple-White Penthorum sedoides (Ditch-Stonecrop) Loam Medium 1-2 ft.5-1 ft Jun-Sep White Petalostemum purpureum (Purple Prairie Clover) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-3 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug Purple Companion Plantings: Schizachyrium scoparium, Bouteloua curtipendula, Sporobolus heterolepis Phlox pilosa (Downy Phlox) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 1-2 ft 0.5-1 ft Mar-May Pink, Thalictrum dasycarpum Physostegia virginiana (Obedient Plant) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-4 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Lavender Pontederia cordata (Pickerel Weed) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Sep Blue Potentilla arguta (Tall Cinquefoil) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft.5-1 ft Jul-Aug Light Yellow Pycnanthemum pilosum (Hairy Mountain Mint) Sand, Loam, Clay None 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug White Pycnanthemum virginianum (Common Mountain Mint) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug White Companion Plantings: Ratibida pinnata Ratibida pinnata (Yellow Coneflower) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 4-6 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Companion Plantings: Monarda fistulosa, Echinacea purpurea, Verbena stricta, Vernonia gigantea, Pycnanthemum virginianum, Eryngium yuccifolium, Lespedeza capitata Rosa palustris (Swamp Rose) Sand, Loam, Clay None 4-6 ft 4-6 ft Jul-Aug Pink
Rudbeckia fulgida (Showy Black-Eyed Susan) Sand, Loam Low 1-2 ft 1 ft Jul-Sep Orange-Yellow Companion Plantings: Allium cernuum, Veronicastrum virginicum, Liatris spicata, Echinacea purpurea, Eryngium yuccifolium, Pycnanthemum virginianum, Carex sp. Rudbeckia hirta (Black-Eyed Susan) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft.5 ft Jun-Jul Yellow Companion Plantings: Monarda fistulosa, Echinacea purpurea, Liatris spicata, Eryngium yuccifolium, Parthenium integrifolium, Echinacea pallida, Verbena stricta Rudbeckia laciniata (Cut-Leaf Coneflower) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 5-7 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Sep Yellow Rudbeckia subtomentosa (Sweet Black-Eyed Susan) Loam, Clay Low 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep Yellow Companion Plantings: Aster laevis, Aster novae-angliae, Vernonia gigantea, Echinacea purpurea, Eryngium yuccifolium, Gentiana andrewsii Rudbeckia triloba (Brown-Eyed Susan) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Orange-Yellow Companion Plantings: Echinacea purpurea Sagittaria latifolia (Broad-Leaf Arrowhead) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-3 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Sep White Sambucus canadensis (American Elder) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 6-8 ft 6-8 ft Jun-Jul White Schizachyrium scoparium (Little Bluestem) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep (Medium) Companion Plantings: Panicum virgatum, Sporobolus heterolepis, Asclepias tuberosa Scirpus acutus (Hard-Stem Bulrush) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 4-6 ft.5-1 ft May-Jun (Fine) Scirpus atrovirens (Dark Green Bulrush) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul (Coarse) Scirpus cyperinus (Woolgrass) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 4-6 ft 2-3 ft Jun-Jul (Fine) Scirpus fluviatilis (River Bulrush) Loam, Clay Medium 3-7 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Coarse) Scirpus pendulus (Drooping Bulrush) Loam, Clay Medium 3-5 ft.5-1 ft May-Jun (Medium) Scirpus pungens (Chairmaker's Rush) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 2-5 ft.5 ft Jun (Fine) Scirpus validus (Softstem Bulrush) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 4-6 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun (Fine) Senna hebecarpa (Wild Senna) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 4-6 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Companion Plantings: Eryngium yuccifolium, Eupatorium maculatum, Liatris spicata, Vernonia gigantea, Monarda fistulosa, Echinacea purpurea Silphium integrifolium (Rosin-Weed) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 5-7 ft 2-3 ft Jun-Jul Yellow Companion Plantings: Monarda fistulosa, Eryngium yuccifolium, Lespedeza capitata, Petalostemum purpureum, Vernonia gigantea, Echinacea purpurea Silphium laciniatum (Compass Plant) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 7-9 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul Yellow Companion Plantings: Monarda fistulosa Silphium perfoliatum (Cup-Plant) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 6-8 ft 2-3 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Companion Plantings: Monarda fistulosa, Eryngium yuccifolium, Asclepias incarnata, Eupatorium maculatum, Veronicastrum virginicum, Echinacea sp., Vernonia gigantea Silphium terebinthinaceum (Prairie Dock) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 5-8 ft 3-4 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Silphium trifoliatum (Whorled Rosin-Weed) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 4-5 ft 2-3 ft Jul-Aug Yellow Companion Plantings: Eryngium yuccifolium Solidago nemoralis (Old Field Goldenrod) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 1-2 ft 1 ft Aug-Oct Yellow Companion Plantings: Liatris spicata Solidago ohioensis (Ohio Goldenrod) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft.5-1 ft Jul-Sep Yellow
Solidago riddellii (Riddell's Goldenrod) Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft.5-1 ft Aug-Oct Yellow Solidago rigida (Stiff Goldenrod) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 3-4 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Oct Yellow Companion Plantings: Aster novae-angliae, Aster laevis Solidago speciosa (Showy Goldenrod) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-4 ft 1-2 ft Sep-Oct Yellow Companion Plantings: Aster laevis, Schizachyrium scoparium, Sorghastrum nutans Sorghastrum nutans (Indian Grass) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 5-7 ft 1-2 ft Aug-Sep (Medium) Companion Plantings: Panicum virgatum, Schizachyrium scoparium, Andropogon gerardii Sparganium eurycarpum (Giant Bur-Reed) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 3-6 ft 2-3 ft Jun-Jul Green Spartina pectinata (Prairie Cord Grass) Sand, Loam, Clay High 6-8 ft 3-4 ft Jul-Aug (Coarse) Spiraea alba (Narrow-Leaf Meadowsweet) Sand, Loam None 4-6 ft 4-6 ft Jun-Aug White Sporobolus heterolepis (Prairie Dropseed) Loam, Sand Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft Jul-Sep (Fine) Companion Plantings: Tradescantia ohioensis, Carex bicknellii, Asclepias tuberosa, Amorpha canascens, Penstemon digitalis, Schizachyrium scoparium Thalictrum dasycarpum (Purple Meadow Rue) Sand, Loam None 3-5 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Jul White, Phlox pilosa Thaspium trifoliatum (Meadow Parsnip) Sand, Loam, Clay None 1-3 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun Purple Tradescantia ohiensis (Ohio Spiderwort) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 2-4 ft 1-2 ft May-Jul Blue-Purple Companion Plantings: Penstemon digitalis, Thalictrum dasycarpum, Zizia aurea, Ceanothus americanus, Asclepias tuberosa, Baptisia leucantha, Parthenium integrifolium Verbena hastata (Blue Vervain) Loam, Clay Medium 4-6 ft.5-1 ft Jul-Aug Blue Companion Plantings: Asclepias incarnata, Eupatorium perfoliatum Verbena stricta (Hoary Vervain) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 2-4 ft.5-1 ft Jun-Aug Lavender Companion Plantings: Heliopsis helianthoides Verbesina alternifolia (Wingstem) Sand, Loam, Clay Medium 5-6 ft 1 ft Jul-Sep Yellow Vernonia fasciculata (Prairie Ironweed) Sand, Loam None 3-5 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun Purple Vernonia gigantea (Tall Ironweed) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 5-7 ft 2-3 ft Jul-Aug Purple Companion Plantings: Heliopsis helianthoides, Ratibida pinnata, Veronicastrum virginicum, Silphium sp., Asclepias incarnata, Helianthus mollis Veronicastrum virginicum (Culver's Root) Sand, Loam, Clay None 5-6 ft 1-2 ft Jun-Aug White Companion Plantings: Ratibida pinnata, Heliopsis helianthoides, Senna hebecarpa, Vernonia gigantea Zizia aurea (Golden Alexander) Sand, Loam, Clay Low 2-3 ft 1-2 ft May-Jun Yellow