INDUSTRIAL REFRIGERATION Position on refrigerant selection 1
Which Options door do you choose today? Retrofit HFC 2
Industrial customers What is of vital importance to industrial customers? The reliability of their refrigeration system World-wide availability of refrigerant for their system What could become a roadblock for the operation of refrigeration systems? The cost and availability of refrigerant Political actions Therefore, what are most large industrial refrigeration plants based on? Natural refrigerants How do you recognise the best solution? Johnson Controls has the staff with the expertise and knowledge about the best solution, including service and maintenance support to keep the system running. How can I finance a new system? Johnson Controls can help with the financing of new installations in case a customer wants to change from one type of refrigerant to another. 3
Use refrigeration systems with a minimum impact on the environment, both direct and indirect Indirect impact ent Use of th he most effici refrigera ant system Impact from energy production Refrigerant leaks GWP and ODP substances Use of refrigerant with the lowest collective impact on the environment Direct impact Optimum sustainability 4
Political realities Refrigerants direct impact on GWP and ODP 100000 0 ODP according to the Montreal protocol 10000 R23 R12 R507 R502 R11 1000 R22 R134a R32 GW WP 100 R152a R123 Mac directive limit* 10 R290 R1270 1 CO 2 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 Refrigerants ODP Limits ODP 0, GWP >150 * Mac directive limit: European regulation affecting the rest of the word 5
Global warming potential for most commonly used alternatives to R22 GWP for popular refrigerants 0 150 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 R507 R404A R422A R422D Very high GWP refrigerants R417A HCFC R22 R407C Synthetic refrigerants R134a R600a R290 R1270 Natural refrigerants NH3 Mac directive limit 6
Refrigerants in industrial and light industrial systems Refrigerant Name GWP Typical application Te range R717 Ammonia 0.0 All industrial applications -4 C to +40 C R718 Water N/A Most commonly used secondary refrigerant 0 C to +50 C R744 Carbon dioxide 1.0 Low temperature applications -54 C to +10 C R290 Propane 3.3 R1270 Propylene 1.8 Light industrial and petrochemical applications Low temperature applications in light industrial applications -40 C to+10 C -45 C to -5 C R600a Isobutane 40 4.0 Used in 63% of all domestic fridges -30 C to +15 C R170 Ethane 5.5 Very low temperature applications in the chemical industry -80 C to -55 C R1150 Ethylene 3.7 Ultra-low temperature applications -100 C to -80 C 7
The properties of the natural refrigerants NH 3 Ammonia is one of the most commonly used refrigerants in industrial refrigeration CO 2 Carbon dioxide is a waste product from other industrial processes, and it is also available at large from natural sources HC Hydrocarbon is a family of gases like propane, ethane and others. Ironically, they also form the basis of synthetic refrigerants H 2 O Water is one of the most commonly used secondary heat transfer fluids Air (78% N and 21% O 2 ) - is the most commonly used heat transfer fluid in most applications. 8
Ammonia (NH 3 ) strong points NH 3 is cheap and has a low GWP Efficient and safe in practical use NH 3 has a strong track record in many industries i Well-educated NH 3 workforce on all levels Refrigerant and main components are globally available Solutions used in all parts of industrial and A/C markets Johnson Controls has more than 100 years of experience with NH 3 Johnson Controls has a full product range of components and units for NH 3 9
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) strong points CO 2 is cheap and has a low GWP Good thermodynamic properties Refrigerant and main components are globally ll available CO 2 can be used for both refrigeration, heat pumps and A/C CO 2 can be used in systems with or without compressors Systems are well-defined Johnson Controls has more than 100 years of experience with CO 2 10
Hydrocarbons (R290) strong points R290 is relatively l cheap and has a low GWP Very efficient with very good heat transfer properties R290 can not break down into acids and toxics Easy to work with and relatively safe Many components available in the field Systems are price-competitive. Johnson Controls has a strong track record with hydrocarbon systems 11
Conclusion Facts about natural refrigerant systems: Viable and good economy based on low cost refrigerants Safe and very energy-efficient Wider application range than alternative solutions Complete solutions for industrial refrigeration applications No scarcity of refrigerants, and system components are globally available No risk of high taxation Low GWP and ODP How do you recognise the best solution? Johnson Controls has the staff with the expertise and knowledge about the best solution, including service and maintenance support to keep the system running. 12
3 steps to get out of your HCFC problem Johnson Controls can help you 1. to define the issues concerning HCFC installations and legislation 2. to map your requirements Creation of optimal refrigeration supply grid Temperature and capacity needs Hot/cold water usage Etc. 3. to find the optimum solution in terms of reliability, energy costs, service and maintenance. 13
Now Options which door will you chose? Retrofit HFC 14