An Integrated Green Infrastructure Plan to Address Combined Sewer Overflow, Stormwater and Nutrient Reductions in Lancaster City, PA Charlotte Katzenmoyer American Public Works Association Sustainability in Public Works June 26, 2012 Pittsburgh, PA Brian Marengo
Presentation Outline Overview Clean Water Challenges & Integration The Green Infrastructure (GI) Plan Implementation ti Programs based on Integrated Infrastructure Innovative Financing Future Direction Questions
The City of Lancaster Overview e Incorporated in 1742 as a borough and in 1818 as a City Served as the temporary National Capital during the Revolution ~60,000 residents in the 2010 census 7.34 square miles Historic building stock (median home age of 100 years) Surrounded by some of the most productive non-irrigated farmland in the U.S.
Multiple Additional Clean Water Challenges require an integrated and equitable solution CSO Discharges MS4 Permits TMDLs: Chesapeake Bay Requiring 60% reduction in nutrients by 2017 Integrating these efforts and implementing them consistently can greatly reduce CSO discharges and nutrients from the urban area
45% of the City is Served by Combined Sewers
Separate Stormwater Areas
Defining Integration Recent EPA Integrated Municipal Planning Framework Integrated approach needs to go beyond just CWA programs Integrated Infrastructure Source Water protection & recharge
Green Infrastructure Plan Forecasts Long-Term Benefits and Creates Early Action Key Plan Recommendations 1. Implement a comprehensive demonstration program a) Review existing CIPs b) GI Funding for Private 2. Implement policy actions a) Revise details and specs b) Revise Stormwater Ordinance for Redevelopment c) Stormwater Utility 3. Conduct extensive partnering and outreach 4. Develop technical tools/studies to support GI a) Models / Project Tracking, etc.
The Green Infrastructure Plan Mission To provide more livable, sustainable neighborhoods for City residents and reduce combined sewer overflows and nutrient t loads The City s recently completed Green Infrastructure Plan calls for GI in: public projects/spaces private property through redevelopment and ordinance changes
Diverse Range of Project Partners Helping to Integrate Solutions and Agency Coordination LIVE Green PA Department of Conservation and Natural Resources PA Department of Environmental Protection Lancaster County Planning Commission School District of Lancaster Chesapeake Bay Foundation Local developer representative Local residents
Current Efforts Focus on Early Action and Continuous Improvement Maximize existing infrastructure for CSO Capture Pumping station upgrades, screening, etc. Approaching $20 M since 2001 $17 M bond issue this year Modify current/proposed capital projects to incorporate GI Secure funding for demonstration projects Develop plan to scale up for city-wide id implementation ti Review all City ordinances to incorporate/require GI for redevelopment Develop stormwater website Conduct community education/outreach Look ahead and develop incentives for private sector participation (i.e. stormwater utility)
The GI Plan Analyzed Impervious Cover, Land Use, and Ownership to Determine Potential Implementation of Different GI Technologies
The Green Infrastructure Benefit Calculator Projects Future Benefits for CSO and MS4 Areas Impervious Area Type Impervious Area Green Technology Impervious Area Managed Annual Runoff / Runoff Reduction Pollutant t Load Reductions
The Plan Proposes to Manage over 1,200 Acres of Impervious Area and Capture over 1 Billion Gallons of Stormwater through Long Term Implementation
The GI Plan requires funding and progress on private lands to be successful Identified potential GI project sites and grant funding for early implementation to understand cost/benefit Policy directions to institutionalize GI in the City Implement an impervious cover-based storm water rate to equitably apportion the cost of wet weather controls
Project Concepts in GI Plan Document Managed Impervious Areas and Secured $11.5 M in Funds
Implementation Programs Based on Integrated Infrastructure: Green Streets & Alleys Green Parks Green Parking Lots Vegetated Roofs Enhanced Tree Planting Green Schools & Public Facilities Private Property
Green Parks
6 th Ward Park Plan Extending the Benefit of the Playcourt
First Demonstration Projects at 6 th Ward Park Reveals High Cost Benefit Runoff Reduction 694,600 gallons / yr Bid 1 $ 116,300 Cost of Court Only 2 $ 49,650 Incremental Cost of GI $ 66,650 Total Cost $ 0.17 /gallon Incremental Cost of GI $ 0.10 /gallon Grey Storage Cost $ 0.23 /gallon Funding from DCNR, DEP and Chesapeake Bay Stewardship Fund (NFWF)
6 th Ward Park Re-dedication Ceremony
Green Parks
Brandon Park Estimated Average Stormwater Runoff Capture: 4 Million Gll Gallons /Y Year 4 Million Gallons / year reduction in runoff volume $0.15 / gal
Brandon Park Construction (Spring/Summer 2012)
Green Streets & Alleys
Modified Unit Priced Paving Contract with Green Pay items
Changing Alley cross section to provide stormwater capture
Alley 148 Greened for 10% Additional Cost Before (July 2011) ~$20.30/SF After (February 2012) ~$22.40/SF Conventional reconstruction ~$20.30/SF (8-inch reinforced concrete) Green alley retrofit ~$22.40/SF (permeable pavers with infiltration trench)
Driving Clean Water Progress with Pavement Assessment and ADA Scanned ~120 Miles in 2 weeks Overlaying Condition Assessment with Green Street Screening Criteria
Pavement Condition Index
PCI Scores for Street Network in Google Earth
Composite prioritization criteria for Pavement Assessment, ADA Ramps, and GI (cont d) ADA Priority Pavement Condition Basin Priority (CSO vs MS4) Street Slope Green Street Potential Conventional Pavement Restoration
Composite prioritization criteria for Pavement Assessment, ADA Ramps, and GI Additional Criteria Road Type Width Traffic ( Functional Class ) Ownership (City, State, private alleys) Tree Canopy Flooding locations Overhead Wires Sidewalk Condition Inlet Condition
Using Traffic safety and transportation funding to reduce accidents and runoff
Plum and Walnut Intersection Reconfiguration
Public Outreach/education
Lancaster Brewing Public Private Partnership Rendering by
Parking Lots
Parking Lot Demonstration Projects improve tree canopy and neighborhoods PA H2O Funding to green four public parking lot
Mifflin St. Public Parking Lot Emphasizes safety and tree canopy Annual SW Capture = 614,000 gallons
Plum St. Parking Lot Demonstrates Porous Concrete
Parking Lots Construction (Spring/Summer 2012)
Plum Street Lot City s First Pervious Concrete
Green Roofs Over 1.25 SF per resident Recent installations rank Lancaster near the top of North American list County Program w/ DEP Funding GI Area Project Name (SF) Wharton Elementary 13,150 Lafayette Elementary 11,500 Ross Elementary 2,500 National Novelty Brush Co. 16,900 F&M Brooks Bump out 1,250 Wohlson Center for Sustain. Envr. 1,825 Groff Family Funeral Home 8,910 Tellus 360 9,600 F&M Weis Hall 820 F&M Schnader Hall 9,400 Total 75,855 Metropolitan Area State/ Province Installed (SF) # of Projects Chicago IL 534,507 84 Washington DC 501,042 67 New York NY 358,986 35 Philadelphia PA 353,337 38 Vancouver BC 320,000 1 Baltimore MD 150,032 21 Montreal Quebec 75,700 17 Grand Rapids MI 74,784 16 Princeton NJ 56,250 4 Lancaster * PA 51,385 7 Based on 2008 Green Roof for Healthy Cities Figures
Urban Tree Canopy Assessment & Enhanced Tree Plantings Funded by PA-DCNR Bureau of Forestry GIS analysis of existing tree canopy by Univ. of Vermont Prioritize potential planting areas and locations for canopy preservation Model for other urban Chesapeake Bay watershed communities Follow-Up Tree Inventory
Innovative Financing: Public-Private Partnerships $7M SRF PENNVEST Loan to fund implementation of GI on private property 45 GI/BMP sites, many on private property Early adopters incentive program
97% of the area within the parking lot and building impervious cover categories is privately owned
A Stormwater Utility Provides a Dedicated Funding Source Benefits Equity: fees are determined d based on amount of impervious i area Reduces reliance on general fund Stable and reliable funding source Policy Considerations All properties pay since it is considered a fee (similar to water and sewer bills) Need policy decisions on tax-exempt properties Credits can be provided for a property s on-site treatment of impervious area. Applicability Applicability All stormwater-related services
Charging based on Impervious Area is Equitable
Typical Types of Credits being considered Percent reduction in stormwater utility charge for managing stormwater quantity and/or quality Activities (e.g. reduced fertilizer use) that assist in the provision of services or reduction of the public cost of providing services. Green Infrastructure, such as tree canopy, rain gardens, bioretention, porous pavement, cisterns, rain barrels.
www.saveitlancaster.com/
An Integrated Green Infrastructure Plan to Address Combined Sewer Overflow, Stormwater and Nutrient Reductions in Lancaster City, PA Charlotte Katzenmoyer CKatzenm@cityoflancasterpa.com American Public Works Association Sustainability in Public Works June 26, 2012 Pittsburgh, PA Brian Marengo Brian.marengo@ch2m.com