Prepared by Dave Holden CFIA Plant Health Survey Unit Japanese Beetle, Popillia japonica Detected in Vancouver, BC Summer 2017 2017 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada (Canadian Food Inspection Agency), all rights reserved. Use without permission is prohibited.
BACKGROUND Introduced to NA in 1916, in New Jersey, and now widespread in Eastern NA. Generally absent in the Western US states and from BC until now Japanese Beetle (JB), a regulated pest to Canada and the US. David Cappaert, Michigan State University, www.forestryimages.org
REGULATORY STATUS IN NORTH AMERICA D-96-15 Phytosanitary Requirements to Prevent the Spread of Japanese Beetle, Popillia japonica in Canada and the United States. Categories: 1 Pest Free Area (orange) 2 Area of Low Pest Prevalence (light green) 3 Partially or generally infested (dark green) 4 Not known to be infested (light grey)
APPEARANCE Adult 10 mm long, 6 mm wide, metallic green, oval-shaped body with bronzed outer wings. 6 white lateral hair tufts on abdomen. Larvae about two or three cm s (one inch) long when mature. Off-white colour and have a C-shaped body They have three pairs of legs. (Pest and Diseases Image Library, Bugwood.org) (David Cappaert, Michigan State University, Bugwood.org)
LIFE STAGES egg 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd instars pupa adult
RASTER PATTERN Japanese Beetle grub (raster) Mike Reding & Betsy Anderson, USDA
LIFE CYCLE
ADULT HOSTS Attacks Ornamentals Nursery stock Tree fruit Small fruit Field crops Persicaria sp. And other Polygonaceae Commonly Attacked Japanese Maple Norway Maple Prunus spp. Malus spp. Grape Small Fruit Virginia Creeper Rose Elderberry Rubus spp. i.e. Blackberry Over 300 species attacked
LARVAL HOSTS Wide variety of plant roots ornamental, shrubs, garden crops, grasses Preferred turf grasses Kentucky Bluegrass Perennial Ryegrass Tall Fescues Bentgrass
LARVAL DAMAGE Larva feed on roots reducing the plants intake of water and nutrients. Patches of brown dead grass, may feel spongy and be easily pulled away.
LARVAL DAMAGE ANIMAL FEEDING Skunks, Racoons, Crows
ADULT FEEDING DAMAGE The adults are skeletonizers eating the leaf tissue between the leaf veins but leave the veins behind. Plant Health Survey Unit European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization Archives, www.forestryimages.org
Attacked leaves look like lace that soon withers and dies. Steven Katovich, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org On Linden
Chinese Chestnut, Castanea On Buckeye Steven Katovich, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org Jerry A. Payne, USDA Agricultural Research Service, www.forestryimages.org
The adults will often attack flower buds and fruit. Plant Health Survey Unit The Dow Gardens Archives, Dow Gardens, www.forestryimages.org
JB SURVEY Trapping Survey for Adults June 15 to October 15 600 traps placed throughout BC + as needed delimitations Lure: Floral and sex pheromone combination Trap: green and/or yellow wing vane over funnel attached to collection chamber, (three types) 2018: Survey plan still to be finalized
SURVEY SITE SELECTION (Prime - sites associated with the transportation of plant products with soil or soft, ripe fruit) Target hosts near: Nurseries Golf Courses Public Parks Airport Border Points Sod Farms Public Gardens Food Terminals Truck/Rail Terminals or compounds Major Box stores, i.e. Home Depot
CURRENT JB STATUS IN BC NOTIFICATION - JAPANESE BEETLE DETECTION IN THE FALSE CREEK AREA OF VANCOUVER (CFIA) has detected Japanese beetle (Popillia Japonica) in the False Creek area of Vancouver, British Columbia (BC). In July 2017, a live beetle was found in a trap that was put out in the City of Vancouver as part of the CFIA s routine annual surveillance activities. Based on this finding, survey work was expanded to determine if there were more Japanese beetles in the area by using a high density delimitation trapping grid as per the North American JB Harmonization plan.
BC JB STATUS CONTINUED Results of this follow-up survey work to date have determined that there is a Japanese beetle incursion in the False Creek area One male Japanese Beetle detected at UBC but no evidence of establishment was found. No other JB detections throughout BC
FALSE CREEK AREA
David Lam Park
MAP OF 2017 DELIMITATION SURVEY Delimitation grid: 0 to 500 m radius: 20 traps/ km 2 or 49/mi 2 500 to 1.5 km: 10 traps/km 2 or 25/mi 2 1.5 km to 5 km: 2 traps/km 2 or 5/mi 2
2017 Trap Grid and Detections False Creek. 958 beetles were found in 42 traps Blue triangle = negative JB trap
False Creek Positives plus UBC singleton
Proposed Regulated area for 2018: Bounded by well known roads and geographical features: Burrard St (Western Boundary) 12 th Ave (Southern Boundary) Clark St (Eastern Boundary) Southern Edge of Burrard Inlet (Northern Boundary) Burrard St. Clark St 12 th Ave.
Japanese Beetle, Popillia japonica Detected in Vancouver, BC Summer 2017 Dave Holden Plant Health Survey Unit Burnaby, BC david.holden@inspection.gc.ca http://inspection.gc.ca/jb
Questions
David Lam Park Original detection Trap Density: Inter Trap info & Conversions: ca. 0.3 traps per square mi: = ca. 0.12 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = ca. 1.9 mile or ca. 3.0 km 1 traps per square mi: =.39 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = 1 mile or 1.6 km 2 traps per square mi: =.77 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = 3733 ft or 1.1 km NAJB HP 49 traps per square mi: = 19 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = 754 ft or 230 m 25 traps per square mi: = 9.6 traps per square km : Inter trap distance = 1056 ft or 322 m