Building Surveyors Conference on Building a Green and Sustainable Future Implementation of Energy Saving measures in Existing Buildings 5 September 2009
Energy Efficient / Environmental Friendly Products During the past years, we have been exploring new technology and new products for our customers. The following list shows some of these items which have been used by our customers.
Energy Efficient / Environmental Friendly Products Air Conditioning Water cooled chiller Cooling tower Heat pump desiccant dehumidifier High capacity dehumidifiers Mobile AC Electrical Variable speed drive Harmonic filter Capacitor Voltage optimizer Lighting Energy efficiency fluorescent tube Compact fluorescent lamp Electronic ballast Leon Lighting IAQ Fresh air unit High efficiency filter Ultra Violent Sterilizer TiO 2 Filter Cooking Chinese steamer Steam cabinet Automatic rice cooker Fryer Multipurpose oven Induction pot stove Induction wok BBO sets Hot Water and Steam Electric water heater Air link water heater Compact sized heat pump water heater High efficiency heat pump (COP>5, 60 o C output) High temperature heat pump (COP>3, 85 o C output) High voltage steam boiler Industrial High efficiency motor Heat exchanger Infra-red heating and Drying Waste Incinerator RTGC for Ports Charging Battery Cremation Furnace Electric Cars Electric Forklift Oven Tunnel Arc Furnace / Smelter
Energy Efficient / Environmental Friendly Products The following slides will show those items which are most welcomed by our customers, namely, they are: 1. Energy Efficient Chiller 2. Heat Pump Water Heater 3. Energy efficient lightings and Controls 4. Induction Cooker / Electric Cooking 5. Capacitor Bank 6. Solar Hot Water Heating 7. Green Roof and Wall
Energy Efficient Chillers Four design strategies for an efficient chiller plant Properly select heat rejection methods Design efficient water pumping systems Focus on chiller part load efficiency Integrate chiller Controls with Building BMS
Energy Efficient Chillers Heat extracted from air-conditioned spaces and the work input to the refrigeration machine (chillers) = Heat rejection, a cooling medium needed for the heat rejection Air always available Fresh water can be made available economically only if there is a river or lake nearby Seawater available to buildings nearby the harbour The cooling medium will directly affect the chiller refrigerant condensing temperature. One Deg. C lower, the chiller COP will be improved by 2-3%.
Energy Efficient Chillers Refrigerant condensing temperatures for different heat rejection methods Air DB Temp Dry Tower (Air-cooled radiator) 33 o C Air Cooled 33 o C Indirect Seawater Cooled Evaporative Type Cooling Tower Direct Seawater Cooled Air WB Temp 28 o C Cooling Water In Temp 28 o C 28 o C Cooling Water Out Temp 33 o C 33 o C Condenser Water In Temp 40-42 o C 33 o C 32 o C Condenser Water Out Temp 45-47 o C 38 o C 37 o C Refrigerant Condensing Temp 48-50 o C 45 o C 41-42 o C 40-41 o C 35 o C
Energy Efficient Chillers Air-cooled chillers Design condenser air inlet temperature 35 C (Hong Kong) COP in the range of 2.6 to 3.0 (inclusive of the condenser fan power) Water-cooled chillers Design condenser water inlet temperature (direct seawater cooled) 27 C (Hong Kong) COP in the range of 4.0 to 5.0 (inclusive of the seawater pump power or cooling tower power) Water-cooled airconditioning systems (WACS) consume 20-30% less energy than air-cooled airconditioning systems (AACS)
Energy Efficient Chillers For the other areas cannot use WACS, there still have some ways to improve their air-cooled chiller plant efficiency - Ensure sufficient condenser air flow - Avoid condenser air short circuit - Mitigate condenser fin corrosion problem
Energy Efficient Chillers For buildings that can adopt water-cooled air-conditioning system, congratulations, but still have some points to note - Minimize fouling in the water-cooled condensers - Automatic condenser tube cleaning system Refrigerant particle Refrigerant side Cooling water Clean surface of copper tube Cooling water surface of copper tube Cooling water Refrigerant particle Refrigerant side Foul Cooling water
Energy Efficient Chillers Periodically cleaning the condenser tubers Remove the scale which will degrade the performance of heat transfer and hence the operation efficiency of chillers.
Energy Efficient Chillers Tubes before cleaning Tube after 300 hours operation with ATCS Tubes just after manual cleaning
Energy Efficient Chillers Chillers operate at low part load condition may have very low efficiency Part-load performance of a typical centrifugal chiller Load % 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Efficiency KW/RT 0.65 0.647 0.666 0.697 0.749 0.822 0.904 0.973 1.053 Efficiency change % 100% 99.5% 103% 107% 115% 127% 139% 150% 162% Install small chillers to handle system part load period Chillers with VSD drive compressors may have a better partload performance Oil-free chiller
Energy Efficient Chillers Efficient pumping systems Avoid oversized and then throttled to produce desired performance Keep the fluid velocity down Keep the temperature differential up Keep the piping system simple Use variable flow configuration and controls
Energy Efficient Chillers Integrate chiller controls with Building BMS Specify am open communication protocol (e.g. BacNet) Apply Chiller Plant Optimization Control Logic 100% Power Consumption 75% 50% 3 4 No. of Chiller Operating 25% 2 1 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Cooling Load
Heat Pump Hot Water Supply - conventional More energy efficient than using other fuel source COP ~3 with output temperature at 55 C Chilled Water Cooled Chilled Water
Heat Pump Hot Water Supply new technology Higher Efficiency (COP > 5) using alternative heat sources e.g. chiller condensing water High Efficiency Heat Pump Typical Heat Pump New type of refrigerant to produce higher temp. output (up to 85 o C) More tailor made products for different types of applications
Heat Pump Hot Water Supply High Efficiency Conventional HPs: using air or chilled water (12 o C ) of chillers as heat source. COP < 2.5-3. High Efficiency HPs: A new HP design using chiller s condensing water (20-35 o C) or other similar temp. water as heat sources coped by the new design of compressor and refrigerant control, COP>5. i. Heating capacity : 150kW 2,000kW ii. COP : > 5 at output temp. rise 40 o C iii. Temp. of water source : 7 to 40 o C iv. Max. output temp. : ~ 60 o C v. Heat Source : Condensing water vi. Refrigerant : R134a vii. Design Characteristics : Compressor, Refrigerant Flow viii. Application : Hot Water Supply / Dehumidification
Heat Pump Hot Water Supply High Temp Heat Pump that can use low grade heat source with temp. ~ 20 to 60 o C to generate high grade energy with temp. up to 85 o C. i. COP : > 3.5 at output temp. rise 45 o C ii. Input heat : ~ 20 to 60 o C iii. Max. output temp. : ~ 85 o C iv. Heat Source : Condensing water / Geothermal heat / Waste heat generated from manufacturing process v. Application : Hot water supply / Dehumidification / Industrial process drying Why is the Output Temperature Higher? Technology developed by Qinghua University / Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conservation, using new environmental healthy refrigerants which can sustain higher temperature during compression Numerous job references on commercial and industrial projects in China, no installations in HK
Heat Pump Hot Water Supply Integrated Type Free cooled air produced by the evaporator or sport cooling Compressor compress the refrigerant vapour and directs the hot compressed vapour refrigerant to the copper tubes around the water storage tank Cooled liquid refrigerant is passed through the evaporator inside or outside the unit where heat from the surrounding is absorbed into vapour. Hot water is generated with much higher efficiency resulting from the COP of the heat pump refrigerant cycle Heating element is incorporated in the water tank to supplement the heating if necessary
Heat Pump Hot Water Supply Integrated Type
Heat Pump Hot Water Supply Integrated Type Temp. of CW ~ 23 o C Temp. of HW ~ 53 o C
Energy efficient lightings
Energy efficient lightings - LED
Energy efficient lightings - Ballast Electromagnetic ballast Electronic ballast
Energy efficient lightings - Controls Simple Manual Control Intelligent Digital Control
Induction Cooker Induction Cooker
Induction Cooker Heats up 30% faster Saves 45% fuel cost Energy transfer is instantaneous and highly controllable Minimal heat loss - kitchen is kept cool Safety Health Environment No naked flame fire risk minimized Harmful combustion pollutants, including CO, NO x & carcinogen PAHs, are eliminated Energy efficiency up to 90% - most efficient cooking technology Local emission is eliminated
Induction Cooker Different Brands Various models from 1 to 5-zone, from 2 to 3kW / zone, ideal for Chinese Wok cooking Sophisticated safety features - ideal for open kitchen Modular hobs are available for dual-fuel combination
Induction Cooker Cookwares Brands: Kitchen Basics Channels:
Electric Cookers Electric Heated Chinese Steamer Steam Cabinet Electric Automatic Rice Cooker Electric Fryer Multi-purpose oven Induction Stock Pot Stove Induction Wok
Capacitor Bank Install capacitor to maintain a high power factor Reduce the demand charge Capacitor Bank PF : 0.84 0.94 Demand: 1000 kva 894 kva Reduced by 10.6%
Solar Hot Water Heating Payback or not depends on circuit design and structural support cost!
Green Roof / Wall many queries from customers HKBU HKBU Taiwan US A HK School Singapore
Let s work harder for the Environment! THANK YOU