The Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors Planning & Development Conference 2016 Planning and Development, Past Present & Future (22 October 2016) Strategic Planning in the Making: Legacy and Vision for Hong Kong Mr. K. K. LING, JP, FHKIP, RPP Director of Planning Planning Department
Our Cityscape 2
Land Utilisation in Hong Kong 24.2% (268 km 2 ) Urban or built-up area 66.3% (737 km 2 ) Woodland/Shrubland/ Grassland/Wetland 0.7% (7 km 2 ) Barren land 2.7% (30 km 2 ) Water Bodies 1,110km 2 Total Land Area : ~ 24% urban or builtup land ~ 76% countryside (including 42% as Country Parks, Special Areas, Geoparks, Ramsar Site, SSSIs, etc) 6.1% (68 km 2 ) Agriculture 3
Our Developed Land Total land area: 1,110km 2 24% (268km 2 ) : Built-up 7.3m 3.8m Reclamation in Hong Kong 6,954ha reclaimed land 6% of total land area ( ) 53% of non-reclaimed land has a gradient Over 70% of office floor spaces About 50% of the commercial floor spaces (mainly retail) 27% of our population >20 o 4
5 Our City Form Compact, High Density, Transit-oriented City Form Within 500m-walkable catchment of railway stations 45% living quarters 77% Commercial/ Office space
Our City Form Compact, High Density, Transit-oriented City Form Areas within 400m of District Parks/Open Space Areas within 3km of Country Park 110m 2 green space per capita 90%of the population within 400m of district parks/open space 85%of the population within 3km of Country Parks 6
7 Our Population Distribution Population Distribution of Hong Kong (1961-2011) No. of Residents in New Territories. 1961 0.4M(12.5%) New Town Development 1973 2011 3.7M(52.8%) 3.3M are living in New Towns Population Density 6,690 27,327 persons/km 2 persons/km 2 Only counted built-up area Kwun Tong DC Tin Shui Wai 55,204 persons/km 2 New Town 66,995 persons/km 2
Strategic Planning Legacy 8
Strategic Planning Legacy Abercrombie Plan (1948) Major focus on new developments around Victoria Harbour Visionary projects such as cross-harbour tunnel, underground railway alignment, reclamation and new town development (Sha Tin) were proposed Sir Patrick Abercrombie (Photo source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/patrick_abercrombie) (to accommodate additional 600,000 population) 9
Strategic Planning Legacy Colony Outline Plan (1970) Broad land use pattern for the whole territory to guide programme for land and infrastructure development New Town development (namely Tsuen Wan, Sha Tin and Castle Peak) and improvement of the environment in the existing urban areas First set of planning standards and guidelines in Hong Kong Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines Proposed Broad Land Use Pattern in the Colony Outline Plan (Projected population (1986): 5.8 million) 10
Strategic Planning Legacy Hong Kong Outline Plan (1979) A basic framework for future physical planning and development in Hong Kong A coordinated land use and transport planning strategy to the new town development, setting out broad planning principles, provision of country parks, beaches and conservation areas Existing and Planned Development Areas in the Hong Kong Outline Plan Planning Strategy : Urban Development Possibilities outside Planned Development Areas (Projected population (1996): 6.87 million) 11
Strategic Planning Legacy Territorial Development Strategy (1984) An integrated land use and transport planning framework for the territory A hierarchical and multi-modal transportation framework A land use framework for conservation of areas of major ecological, agricultural, recreational and landscape significance Tseung Kwan O Source: LandsD Tin Shui Wai Proposed Growth Areas in the Territorial Development Strategy (Projected population (1996): 7.1 million) Source: LandsD 12
Strategic Planning Legacy Port and Airport Development Strategy (1989) Hong Kong International Airport Source: LandsD Data source: Port & Airport Develop ment Strategy Final Report, 1989 Tung Chung West Kowloon Source: LandsD Source: LandsD 13
Strategic Planning Legacy Territorial Development Strategy Review (1996) Integrated landuse-transport-environmental planning (Projected population (2016): 8.1 million) 14
Strategic Planning Legacy Hong Kong 2030: Planning Vision and Strategy (2007) Sustainable development as the overarching planning principle Planning concepts Emphasis on smart growth and wise management of resources Do more with less No-go areas Rail-based development pattern Balancing development and conservation Broad development directions Promoting a quality living environment Enhancing economic competitiveness Strengthening links with the world, particularly the PRD Region Recommended Development Pattern (Projected population (2030): 8.4 million) 15
Strategic Planning Legacy 16
Global Megatrends Individuals and Society Changing demographics with ageing population Physical Environment Scarcity of natural resources Global Economy Interconnected global economy Better education Accelerating urbanisation Shift of economic power to the East Innovation and technology as key driver More technology & information and communications technology enabled Climate change Rise of global middle class Source: adapted from KPMG s Future State 2030: The global megatrends shaping governments 17
Challenges for Hong Kong A growing and ageing population and a shrinking labour force Climate change Moderate performance for liveability A large quantity of old building stock Demand for new transport and other infrastructure KEY SALIENT PLANNING ISSUES FOR HONG KONG Imbalance in home-job spatial distribution Keen competition in the global and regional economy Challenges in land development Moderate performance for innovation 18
LOOKING AHEAD In planning for our future city, we need to embrace changes and uncertainties. Possible Milestones 19
Strategic Initiative 1: Addressing Home-Job Imbalance Issue Planned Population: New Job Opportunities: GOVERNMENT TO RESERVE LAND FOR VARIOUS JOB GENERATING USES 20
Kwu Tung North and Fanling North NDAs Kwu Tung North Population : 5,400 Cenus 2011 Kwu Tung North NDA Population : 105,500 Job: 31,179 Fanling North NDA Population: 71,400 Fanling North Job: 6,515 Population: 950 Cenus 2011 Total Population: 467,200 (+176,900) Job Opportunities: 95,844 (+37,694) Fanling & Sheung Shui Population : : 261,000 290,300 254,300 Job: Job: Cenus 58,150 XX 2011 21
Kwu Tung North and Fanling North NDAs Spatial Distribution of Job-generating Land Uses Business & Technology Park Research & Development Residential Development with Retails and Services G/IC Facilities 22
Kwu Tung North and Fanling North NDAs New Job Opportunities Business & Technology Park 13,058 (KTN) Research & Development 4,065 (KTN) Residential Development with Retails and Services 15,362 (KTN: 9,690) (FLN: 5,672) G/IC Facilities 5,209 (KTN: 4,366) (FLN: 843) Total New Job Opportunities ~37,700 23
Hung Shui Kiu NDA Reserve development spaces to accommodate economic uses including offices, retail, hotels and various industrial uses (including modern logistics, innovation & technology, and testing & certification) Create about 150,000 jobs of different nature and profile which also benefit Tin Shui Wai new town 24
Hung Shui Kiu NDA Diversified jobs to establish an employment node in NWNT Create about 150,000 jobs of different nature and profiles Retail, Dining, Entertainment and other Commercial 40,000 Office 32,000 Enterprise and Technology Park 18,000 Industrial Use 5,000 Other Services 2,000 Total New Job Opportunities 150,000 Commercial 74,000 2,000 Hotel Special Industry 60,000 23,000 Logistics Facilities 14,000 Port Back-up, Storage and Workshop Uses Community Services 16,000 14,000 G/IC Facilities (including Education) 25
Yuen Long South Development Create about 10,800 job opportunities from commercial, storage and workshop and GIC uses Comprehensive transport network and public transport services would be planned in YLS to facilitate future residents traveling to Hung Shui Kiu NDA, which provides about 150,000 jobs of different nature and profile 26
Hung Shui Kiu NDA and Yuen Long South Development Total Population: 1,221,544 (+300,000) Job Opportunities: 364,050 (+160,800) 27
Tung Chung Commercial Development New Job Opportunities: 40,000 Retail Office Hotel 163,000sqm. (Local) 164,000sqm. (Regional) 500,000sqm. 50,000sqm. 28
Tung Chung New Town Extension Tung Chung New Town Extension Population: 144,000 Job: 40,000 Total Population: 277,600 (+144,000) Existing Tung Chung New Town Population: 78,000 Job: 12,100 Job Opportunities: 52,100 (+40,000) 29
Strategic Initiative 2: Urban-Rural-Countryside-Nature Integration Kwu Tung North NDA: Long Valley Nature Park 37 ha of area with the highest ecological value 30
Kwu Tung North NDA: Agricultural Land Land to the north and south of the Nature Park would be zoned Agriculture (58ha) 31
Kwu Tung North NDA: Riverside Community Designate a meander as CA zone Allow a wider buffer area of AGR around CA zone 32
Hung Shui Kiu NDA: Integration with Existing Developments Embracing existing villages into new town planning scheme with carefully designed traditional land use and urban form. Recommended Outline Development Plan 建議發展大綱圖 N 33
Hung Shui Kiu NDA: River Regeneration Connection to Tin Shui Wai & river regeneration recreates ambience of village life along water courses 5m 2m 10m 2m 5.5m 1.25m 6.5m 1.25m 5.5m 4m River Walk Pedestrian Footpath Tram Stop Tramway Tram Stop Cycle Track Private Housing Terraced Retail Podium Car Parks A promenade will be developed along the regenerated river channel to connect HSK and TSW Retail and dining facilities, environmentally friendly transport (tram), landscaped pedestrian walkway and cycle track will be provided to promote vibrancy of the promenade. 25m 20m 10m Car Parks isting River Wall & Railing Riverside Promenade EFTS Reserve Shopping Street 34
Strategic Initiative 3: Liveable and Sustainable 35
Kwu Tung North and Fanling North NDAs 36
Kwu Tung North and Fanling North NDAs Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Kwu Tung Railway Station Fanling North PTI 500m distance 500m radius from railway station/pti 37
Kwu Tung North and Fanling North NDAs Landscaped pedestrian shopping street to enhance vibrancy 38
Kwu Tung North and Fanling North NDAs Government, Institution or Community facilities within easy reach of residents 39
Kwu Tung North and Fanling North NDAs Integrated open space and pedestrian/cycle track networks 40
Hung Shui Kiu NDA To integrate pedestrian walkway system with open space and amenity strips Shopping streets lined with retail frontages to enhance street vibrancy 41
Hung Shui Kiu NDA 42
Strategic Initiative 4: Place-making and Thriving Communities Championing place-making in NDAs Kwu Tung North NDA Town Plaza Hung Shui Kiu NDA Regional Civic Node Tung Chung New Town Extension 43
Kwu Tung North NDA Town centre well-designed with pedestrianised boulevards, terraced setting and shop frontage to create a sense of place and enhance vibrancy. North-south and east-west green spines function both as breezeway and visual corridors, providing public spaces and allowing creation of pedestrian precincts in the city centres 44
Hung Shui Kiu NDA About 56ha of land designated for different G/IC uses About 62ha for open spaces, including the Regional Town Park, District Open Space and Local Open Space Regional Civic Node Located adjacent to proposed HSK Station, co-locating a Regional Plaza, government offices, a new magistracy and a community hall for residents of the NDA and the NWNT. 45
Tung Chung New Town Extension GIC facilities provision according to HKPSG and population distribution Various social welfare facilities are planned in the Tung Chung Extension Area and well integrated for easy access 46
Tung Chung New Town Extension Designation of River Park in Tung Chung West on both sides of Tung Chung Stream for recreation purpose No more reclamation in Tung Chung West 47
Concluding Remarks Rethinking the future new towns/ NDAs of Hong Kong A new mindset in not viewing NDAs as dormitory towns but places with their unique characters Thriving and sustainable communities 48
Planning Department THANK YOU