Sustainable Biomechanical Energy Scavenger towards Self-Reliant Kids Interactive Battery Free Smart Puzzle

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1 Supporting Information Sustainable Biomechanical Energy Scavenger towards Self-Reliant Kids Interactive Battery Free Smart Puzzle Arunkumar Chandrasekhar, a Nagamalleswara Rao Alluri, b Venkateswaran Vivekananthan, c Jung Hwan Park, d Sang-Jae Kim ab* a,c Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju , Republic of Korea b Faculty of Applied Energy System, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju , Republic of Korea d Department of Education, Jeju National University, Jeju , Republic of Korea * Corresponding Author, Prof. Sang-Jae Kim (S-J. Kim), Address: 130 D, Nanomaterials and System Lab, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju , Republic of Korea. Fax: ; Tel: kimsangj@jejunu.ac.kr S1

2 Table of Contents Table S1 Figure S1 Figure S2 Figure S3 Figure S4 Figure S5 Comparison of the proposed SP-TENG with other reports Triboelectric series of materials Top view FE-SEM image of PDMS film after few thousand cycle of operation Capacitor charging circuit using SP-TENG Logic circuit diagram of SP-TENG Digital photograph of the self-powered smart puzzle during its operation S2

3 Surface treatment on the plastic petri dish Here, a plastic petridish made of ABS polymer, were used to do surface modification. These ABS polymers are highly resistant to alcohols, aqueous acids but it is soluble in ketones, esters, ethylene dichloride and acetone. Hence, here it is used as an etchant for surface modification and this surface modified perti dish can be used as a template to create irregular surface roughness on the PDMS film. Calculation of the applied force Example: Hence, Here the external force using a linear motor. Hence, the force were calculated with equation, = - (1) F = Force m = Mass a = Acceleration m = Kg a = 0.5 m/s 2 F = Kg.5 m/s 2 F = N S3

4 Equations used for calculating power and power density = - (1) I = Short circuit current R= Resistance Power Density = Power/ Area - (2) S4

5 No Device Active layer Contact material V oc I sc Ref 1 TF-TENG FEP Human finger 31.5 V 224 na 1 2 TESM PDMS Aluminum 17 V 150 na 2 3 BD-TENG BDP1 BDP1 40 V 1 µa 3 4 SR-based TENG Rubber Aluminum 65 V 7.5 µa m C-TENG Cellulose /PDMS Aluminum 28 V 2.8 µa 5 6 KFE FEP Human finger 26.8V 23.5 µa 6 7 SS-TENG Kapton film News Paper 13 V 1.75 µa 7 8 HMI PDMS Human Skin 42.6 V 0.2 µa 8 9 PB-TENG PTFE Paper 20 V 2 µa 9 10 h-teng PDMS Copper 12 V 4 µa SP-TENG PDMS Paper 70 V 6.5 µa Present work Table S1. Comparison of the proposed SP-TENG with other reports S5

6 Figure S1. Triboelectric series: a list that rank various materials used for the SP-TENG electrical studies, according to their tendency to lose electrons (positive) and gain (negative). S6

7 Figure S2. Top view FE-SEM image of PDMS film after few thousand cycle of operation. Figure S3. Real time capacitor charging circuit using SP-TENG S7

8 Figure S4. (a) Logic circuit diagram of SP-TENG and photograph of LCD display showing C correct when the puzzle pieces matches with the exact position S8

9 Figure S5. (a) Digital photograph of the self-powered smart puzzle during its operation. S9

10 References 1. Luo, J. et al. Transparent and Flexible Self-Charging Power Film and Its Application in a Sliding Unlock System in Touchpad Technology. ACS Nano 10, (2016). 2. Wang, X. et al. Self-Powered High-Resolution and Pressure-Sensitive Triboelectric Sensor Matrix for Real-Time Tactile Mapping. Adv. Mater. 28, (2016). 3. Zheng, Q. et al. Biodegradable triboelectric nanogenerator as a life-time designed implantable power source. Sci. Adv. 2, (2016). 4. Yi, F. et al. Stretchable-Rubber-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator and Its Application as Self-Powered Body Motion Sensors. Adv. Funct. Mater. 25, (2015). 5. Chandrasekhar, A., Alluri, N. R., Balasubramaniam, S., Selvarajan, S. & Kim, S.-J. Microcrystalline cellulose ingrained polydimethylsiloxane triboelectric nanogenerator as a self-powered locomotion detector. J. Mater. Chem. C (2017). doi: /c6tc05104a 6. Chen, J. et al. Personalized Keystroke Dynamics for Self-Powered Human Machine Interfacing. ACS Nano 9, (2015). 7. Chandrasekhar, A., Alluri, N. R., Saravanakumar, B., Selvarajan, S. & Kim, S. J. Human Interactive Triboelectric Nanogenerator as a Self-Powered Smart Seat. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces (2016). doi: /acsami.6b Yang, W. et al. Triboelectrification based motion sensor for human-machine interfacing. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6, (2014). 9. Yang, P.-K. et al. Paper-based origami triboelectric nanogenerators and self-powered pressure sensors. ACS Nano 9, (2015). 10. Zhang, M. et al. Robust design of unearthed single-electrode TENG from threedimensionally hybridized copper/polydimethylsiloxane film. Nano Energy 30, (2016). S10

Supporting Information

Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry A. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Supporting Information A flexible comb electrode triboelectric-electret