Listing by season, of Eloise Butler's plantings in 1913, that were "1st time" plantings according to her Garden Log.

Transcription

1 Listing by season, of Eloise Butler's plantings in 1913, that were "1st time" plantings according to her Garden Log. Early Plantings not present today (Exceptions noted) Eloise brought into the Garden a number of plants that are not listed today on the Garden visitor guides. Many of these were native to Minnesota and a few were not. Here is a listing of most of those plants introduced this year to the Garden for the first time - the common and botanical names listed first are names she used followed by other common names for the same plant and the newer botanical classifications, if any; then follows her source for the material is the first year the following list of plants occur in her log. Most are shown in the photos. The inclusion of "(M.C.)" indicates a plant that was still present at the time of Martha Crone's 1951 Garden Census. "Native" indicates the plant is considered native to Minnesota or if introduced, long established. "Extant" indicates the plant is present in the Garden today. Botanical classification: Over the years Botanists have reclassified many plants from the classifications in use at the time Eloise Butler wrote her Garden Log or when Martha Crone prepared her census. I have retained the nomenclature that Eloise Butler or Martha Crone used and then provided the more current classification as used by the major listings in use today, particularly Flora of North America, the USDA Plants Database and in Minnesota the Comprehensively Annotated Checklist of the Flora of Minnesota. Spring 1913 Plantings American Alumroot, (M.C.) (Heuchera hispida, now Heuchera americana L. var. hispida (Pursh) E.F. Wells), from Kelsey s Nursery, North Carolina. Not Native. Extant Apple Moss (Bartramia pomiformis Hedw. ) from Franklin MA. Native status not known. Bootts Wood Fern (Aspidium bootii, now Dryopteris X boottii (Tuck.) Underw. (pro sp.)) from Kelsey s. Native Carolina Anemone (M.C.) (Anemone caroliniana Walter ) from Hastings Nebraska. Native Common Bladderwort, (M.C.), (Utricularia vulgaris -now - Utricularia macrorhiza Leconte) from Mahtomedi, MN. Native. Fairy Slipper Orchid, (M.C.), (Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes ) from Mr. Chase, Boulder Colorado. Native Horsefly Weed (Yellow wild Indigo), (Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R. Br.) from Kelsey s. Native. Narrow-leaf Cattail, (Typha angustifolia L.) from Kelsey s. Not Native Extant Prairie Dogbane (Indian Hemp), (Apocynum cannabinum L.) from Fort Snelling (Mpls.) Native. Extant Russet Buffaloberry, (Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt.) from Park Board Nursery Minneaoilis. Native. Missouri Violet (Sand Violet), (M.C.), (Viola missouriensis - probably Viola affinis Leconte) This violet was not purposely planted but noticed when it bloomed and Eloise noted that it was probably brought in with the sod that accompanied the Cuckoo Flower that she planted in Those plants came from Gillett s in North Carolina where the Sand Violet does grow. A current synonym for the Sand Violet is V. missouriensis Green. Neither plant is currently listed as resident in our state on the DNR Plant Checklist or on the U of M Comprehensively Annotated Checklist of the Flora of Minnesota. Shining Bedstraw (M.C.) (Galium concinnum Torr. & A. Gray ) from Minnehaha Park, Mpls. Native. Extant Silky Dogwood (Pale Dogwood), (Cornus amomum, now Cornus obliqua Raf.) from Kelsey s. Native. Extant Skunk Current (Ribes prostratum, now Ribes glandulosum Grauer ) from Kelsey s. Native Smooth Phlox (Phlox glaberrima L.) from Mr. Chase, Boulder Colorado Not Native. Fairy Slipper Orchid, (Calypso bulbosa L.) Photo James Sime, University of. Smooth Phlox, (Phlox glaberrima L.). Photo Margery Melgaard, University of.

2 Three toothed Cinquefoil (Shrubby Fivefingers), (M.C.) (Potentilla tridentata, now Sibbaldiopsis tridentata (Aiton) Rydb,) from Kelsey s. Native Thimbleberry (Flowering Raspberry), (Rubus parviflorus Nutt.) from Kelsey s. Native. Extant Thymeleaf Speedwell, (Veronica serpyllifolia L.) from Kelsey s. Native Whorled Loosestrife, (M.C.) (Lysimachia quadrifolia L. ) from Kelsey s, Native. Extant Wild Comfrey, (Cynoglossum virginianum L.) from Kelsey s. Native. Wreath Goldenrod, (M.C.), (Solidago caesia L.) from Gillett s, Southwick MA. Not native. Prairie Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum L.). American Alumroot, (Heuchera americana L.). Carolina Anemone, (Anemone caroliniana Walter). Photo Kitty Kohout, University of. Common Bladderwort (Utricularia macrorhiza Leconte) Photo Al Schneider, USDA-NRCS Plants database Horsefly Weed (Baptisia tinctoria L.) Photo Nelson DeBarros, USDA-NRCS Plants Database Narrowleaf Cattail (Typha angustifolia L.) Russet Buffaloberry (Shepherdia canadensis L.) Photo Derek Anderson, University of

3 Silky Dogwood, (Cornus obliqua Raf.) Photo G D Bebeau Skunk Currant (Ribes glandulosum Grauer) Photo Robert W. Freckmann Three-toothed Cinquefoil (Sibbaldiopsis tridentata (Aiton)) Photo Merel R. Black, University of Thyme-leaf Speedwell, (Veronica serpyllifolia L.). Photo Merel R. Black, University of Whorled Loosestrife, (Lysimachia quadrifolia L.). Summer 1913 Plantings Wild Parsnip (M.C.), (Pastinaca sativa L. ) from Glenwood Springs. Not Native, but introduced and now naturalized. Wild Poinsettia (M.C.), (Euphorbia heterophylla - now Euphorbia cyathophora Murray ) from Fort Snelling (Minneapolis) Native. Extant. Yellow Fringed Orchid (M.C.), (Habenaria ciliaris now Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindl.) from New York source. Not Native Compass Plant (M.C.), (Silphium laciniatum L.), from Hwy 100 area of Minneapolis, Native Extant. Wreath Goldenrod (Solidago caesia L.). Photo David G. Smith, Delaware Wildflowers. Below are shown 3 of the new plants Eloise added in Summer 1913

4 Yellow Fringed Orchid (Platanthera ciliaris). Photo Jeff McMillian, USDA-NRCS Plants Database Wild Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa). Photo Kitty Kohout, Freckmann Herbarium, University of Wild Poinsettia (Euphorbia cyathophora). Photo Patrick J. Alexander, USDA-NRCS Plants Database Autumn 1913 Plantings Black Oak (Quercus velutina Lam.) Planted acorns from Arnold Arboretum. Native Bog Labrador Tea (Ledum groenlandicum Oeder ) from Gillett s Nursery, MA. Native Photo Eastern Silver Aster (Aster concolor - now- Symphyotrichum concolor (L.) G.L. Nesom), from Solon Springs WI. Not native Hairy Four O clock (Oxybaphus hirsutus -now- Mirabilis hirsuta (Pursh) MacMill.), from 4748 Chicago Ave, Minneapolis MN, Native. Photo Marsh St. Johnswort (M.C.), (Hypericum virginicum, now - Triadenum fraseri). Transplanted from the Quaking Bog in Glenwood Park. Native. Photo Pearly Everlasting (M.C.) (Anaphalis margaritacea L.) seeds from. Native. Photo Pennsylvania Catchfly (Silene pennsylvanica -now- Silene caroliniana Walter ssp. pensylvanica (Michx.) R.T. Clausen ) from Gillett s Nursery, MA. Not native Prairie Trillium, (M.C.) (Trillium recurvatum Beck), from Gillett's Nursery. Not Native. Extant. photo Rattlesnake Mannagrass (Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Trin.), from the Quaking Bog, Glenwood Park. Native. Photo Rattlesnake Weed (Hieracium venosum L.) from Kelsey s Nursery, North Carolina. Not native Stiff Aster (Flaxleaf whitetop aster) (Aster linariifolius -now- Ionactis linariifolius (L.) Greene) from Gillett s Nursery, MA. Not native. Photo. Boreal Bog Orchid (Scentbottle) (Habenaria dilatata -now- Platanthera dilatata (Pursh) Lindl. ex Beck var. dilatata) from Gillett s Nursery, MA. Native. Photo. Trailing Euonymus (Euonymus fortunei), from Logansport, Indiana. Not Native and invasive Virginia Rose (Rosa virginiana Mill.), from Gillett s Nursery, MA. Not native. Photo Western Blue Virgin s Bower (M.C.) (Clematis verticillaris -now- Clematis occidentalis (Hornem.) DC. var. occidentalis) from Solon Springs WI. Native This is a rare plant - rare in her day and rare today - not known in any metro county. Zig-Zag Spiderwort (Tradescantia pilosa -now- Tradescantia subaspera Ker Gawl. var. subaspera ) from Kelsey s Nursery, North Carolina. Not native. Photo Pearly Everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea L.). Photo Al Schneider, USDA-NRCS Plants Database. Virginia Rose (Rosa virginiana Mill.). Photo Jim Stasz, USDA-NRCS Plants Database.

5 Boreal Bog Orchid (Platanthera dilatata). Photo Christopher Noll, University of Bog Labrador Tea (Ledum groenlandicum). Photo Merel R. Black, Univ. of Zigzag Spiderwort (Tradescantia subaspera). J S Peterson USDA-NRCS Plants Database. Rattlesnake Mannagrass (Glyceria canadensis). Photo Steve Garske, Freckmann Herbarium, University of Hairy Four O'clock (Mirabilis hirsuta) Photo Matthew Wagner, Freckmann Herbarium, University of Stiff Aster (Ionactis linariifolius). Photo Merel R. Black, Freckmann Herbarium, University of Marsh St. Johnswort (Triadenum fraseri). Photo Nelson DeBarros, USDA-NRCS Prairie Trillium (Trillium recurvatum Beck).

6 2013 Friends of the Wild Flower Garden, Inc. All photos are the property of The Friends unless otherwise credited. Photos credited to others are used with permission for educational purposes, for which The Friends thank them and the organization providing the photos. Text and research by Gary Bebeau. "