The right choice (Part 2) Version November 2009

Transcription

1 The right choice (art 2) Version November

2 What Type of gas Type of sensors HW T CHSE A SENSITRN GAS DETECTIN SSTEM Where How Areas classification Enclosures protection Transmission erformances 2

3 THE SENSITRN TRIANGLE How to detect What to detect Where to detect 3

4 Where What How Transmission erformance Detectors performance for High Risk gas detectors SMART CBER SMS SMS D SMS DUAL 3G 3GD LISA IR LISA IR D SMS utputs Linear 420mA RS485 communication 1relay card 3relay card Display Watchdog (EN50271) Zero tracking ne man calibration Hall effect switches Calibration keypad IrDA keypad Calibration software Trimmers erformance (IEC ) 4

5 Where What How Transmission erformance Detectors performance for Industrial and Commercial gas detectors CD IR D SMART 3 IR CC GR I IrDA CBER TH LCR 3 K utputs: Linear 420mA RS485 communication 1relay card 3relay card Display Watchdog (EN50271) Zero tracking ne man calibration Hall effect switches Calibration keypad IrDA keypad Calibration software Trimmers erformance (IEC ) 5

6 3 relay board THE SMART 3 LUG AND LA SSTEM Calibration keypad r: IrDA interface Non intrusive calibration via handheld calibration keypad with IrDA interface Smart3 File: IM SMART3 RIZZNTALE NEW E.CDR DISLA BARD (Available only for the Smart 3 display version) With nonintrusive magnetic calibration feature for an easy and fast calibration without declassifying the area and opening the instrument. Calibration via personal computer. The Smart 3 calibration software allows setting all operational parameters of the gas detector. To access the various programming options entry codes are required. By: Rs485 board.c. Rs485/Rs232 or USB I/F for C. 6

7 2 X Rs X WER SUL 2 X Rs X WER SUL 7

8 What ATEX DIRECTIVE 94/9/EC (ATEX 100) ATEX DIRECTIVE 99/92/EC (ATEX 137) Ignition energy Where How εx 2 G (D) Comburent Fuel Areas classification Enclosures protection BLIGATINS AREAS MDELS ELECTRICAL SAFET REQUIREMENTS EN ELECTRICAL SAFET LUS ERFRMANCE REQUIREMENTS (GAS DETECTR) IEC MANUFACTURING SURVEILLANCE AND EC TE TEST CERTIFICATIN Category 1 Zone 0 Category 2 Zone1 = SMART 3CC SMAR 3CD CBER 3 = (EEx i ) ATEX 053 (EU) CEC (CHINA) EEx d = ATEX 084 (EU) CBST (CHINA) EEx d DECLARATIN F CNFRMIT R CE TE TEST CERTIFICATIN Category 3 Zone 2 SMART 3CC SMART 3CD CBER 3 ATEX 339 EEx n ATEX 084 (EU) CBTS (CHINA) EEx n N EUREAN NRMS Non classified areas CBER K LCR2 = = = = 8

9 From ATEX to SIL 9

10 LCATIN AND ESSENTIAL SAFET REQUIREMENTS Where Non hazardous areas Hazardous (classified areas) Flammable gases Residential EN I42 85 db 1 Mt. Type A Building Commercial Boiler rooms Underground parks National Standards I54 ATEX Group 1 Mining M1 M2 Group 2 Surface CAT1 Zone 0 Exi CAT2 Zone 1 Exd CAT3 Zone 2 Exn Toxic gases Residential EN I42 85 db 1 Mt. Type A Building Commercial Boiler rooms Underground parks National Standards C C2 WG 5 SHA Workplace 10

11 ERFRMANCES AND STANDARDS Non hazardous areas Hazardous (classified areas) Residential Building Commercial Boiler rooms Underground parks Group 1 Mining Group 2 Surface What Flammable gases EN (EN 50271) National Standards ESR (ATEX) erformances Requirements (ATEX) IEC IEC IEC IEC IEC Residential Building Commercial Boiler rooms Underground parks Workplace Toxic gases EN (EN National Standards C C2 WG 5 SHA EN EN EN EN

12 FRM ATEX T SIL ATEX (Atmosphere esplosive) ESR ERFRMANCES IEC IEC MANDATR MANDATR SIL (Safety Integrity Levels) INTERNAL FAILURE EN (IEC ) VLUNTAR QUALIT RCESS CMAN QUALIT IS 9001 ATEX ESR & ERFRMANCES SIL FUNCTINAL SAFET 12

13 SIL = Safety Integrity Level SIL describes the different levels of functional safety on a safety device. Levels are defined from SIL1 (Lowest) up to SIL4 (Highest) This does not imply that SIL1 is a (too) low level of safety. For example: a typical gas detection system or device with ATEXCertificate including the functional approval according IEC 61779, with regular maintenance, is equivalent to SIL1. Functional Safety Functional safety describes the behaviour of safety device that means hardware and software in the case of an internal failure. The target is to reach a safe state, which means that internal faults in the safety device should be detected by the device itself and shall be indicated and signalled. The only requirement of the standards is safety not availability! 13

14 Safety and Availability Fault Tolerance A safety device, which will shut down the monitored production line, or better the whole plant, in any case of the smallest probability of a potential failure is safe and will comply to the standards reaching a high SIL. But will the customer be happy with it? The standards require safety while the customers require a constant availability of the system as main target. The SILstandards in gas detection (EN 50402) permits explicitly an emergency mode (for a specified period of time) for redundant system. After detection of an internal fault the system is not longer redundant but still fully operational. This allows time to repair the safety device without the need to shut down the monitored production line. 14

15 Typical Examples for SILLevels SIL1 SIL2 SIL3 SIL4 A typical gas detection device (system) with ATEXCertificate including the functional approval according to IEC with regular maintenance is equivalent to SIL1 The step from SIL1 to SIL2 will typically be reached by self testing facilities for hardware components. Also reduced maintenance intervals for the sensors may be required. For software, it is a tremendous amount of documentation and requirements to comply during development. The main requirement is: ne failure shall not cause an unsafe state (failsafe system). The step from SIL2 to SIL3 will typically be reached by redundancy. For detectors and microprocessors this is the only choice. If nearly all possible failure will be detected, a single unit is able to reach SIL3 (e.g. BUSconnections). For software, the amount of documentation and requirements to comply during development will increase but not so dramatically as from SIL1 to SIL2 Requires redundancy (sometimes triple redundancy) and excessive self testing and comparison between the redundant lines. SIL4 will never be required in gas detection. 15

16 The sensors 16

17 TES F GASES AND SENSR TECHNLG Gases Normal detection range Normal detection technology Key concepts Which Flammable gases % LEL (LFL) (% Vol.) ellistor NDIR oison Area Classified Area M.I.E. Toxic gases ppm (ppb) (% Vol. C2) El. Cell (ID) (NDIR) Acutely Toxic substance (H2S) Chronically Toxic gas (C) SHA : ceiling level : Time Weighted average (TWA) : Short term exposure limit (STEL) xygen % Vol. El. Cell Deficiency Enrichment 17

18 The innovative sensors 18

19 The innovative sensors 19