Early Blight in tomatoes seems to be staying under control. After tonight s rain all tomatoes will receive a spray of Bravo for further protection.

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Early Blight in tomatoes seems to be staying under control. After tonight s rain all tomatoes will receive a spray of Bravo for further protection."

Madeline Ryan
5 years ago
Views:

UConn Extension Vegetable IPM Pest Message & Reports from the Farm, Friday July 10th, 2015 [Comments or answers in brackets are provided by Jude Boucher, UConn Extension] Steve Bengtson, Cold Spring

1 UConn Extension Vegetable IPM Pest Message & Reports from the Farm, Friday July 10th, 2015 [Comments or answers in brackets are provided by Jude Boucher, UConn Extension] Steve Bengtson, Cold Spring Brook Farm, Berlin, CT I sent a photo (below) in a separate of what I believe is downy mildew on onions. This showed up in our onions within the last week to 10 days. I sprayed with Zampro which does not seem to be working very well yet. Are you able to verify from a photo that it is downy mildew? I m concerned that the bulbs will be destroyed. Is it ok to harvest with the tops in the condition they are in? They seem to be ok so far. Any further advice on sprays or other cultural advice? [Picture looks like DM, but it would need to go to the diagnostic lab to confirm. Bulbs could become soft and shriveled in storage. Avoid wet ground, use a 4-5 year crop rotation, don t plant too densely, and use trickle instead of overhead irrigation. Rotate the Zampro with a mancozeb or phosphoric acid type product.] The organic guide states that Sonata and Serenade have shown efficacy. ECB counts dropped to 0 this week down from 3 last week. Scouting 3 corn fields in whorl to late whorl to pre-tassel all resulted in 0% infestation. [First generation corn borer is over]. CEW counts continue to be quite low. I am on a 6 day schedule for the time being. Birds have been only a minor problem so far. Seems a bit unusual. I hope it stays this way. Leaf hoppers showed up in our beans and were eliminated with Warrior II. Early Blight in tomatoes seems to be staying under control. After tonight s rain all tomatoes will receive a spray of Bravo for further protection. FAW trap was set up on Saturday July 4 and there were no moths as of today. [We found FAW in Northford, so scout whorl and pre-tassel stage corn]. Peppers are in the process of receiving their 4th treatment for Phytophthora this week. So far most fields look very good with just a small number of plants going down. Some of the worst areas are at the end of long rows of peppers but even short rows have some infected plants in them. BLS has shown up in some susceptible varieties and I sprayed them with copper.

2 Warren and Jane Reynolds, Chase Road Growers, Thompson, CT Sweet corn: 10-25% of the plants are infested with ECB in the first 4 plantings. Warren tried two applications of Warrior on the early plantings and did not kill the larvae. It was recommended that he try Coragen, Radiant or Avaunt at pre-tassel.] No CEW moths in traps. [No sprays necessary on silking corn in Thompson]. Bob Handel, Handle Farm, E. Hartford, CT Set out earworm traps last week. I'm getting 1 moth per night, so I am on a 5-day spray schedule. Found the first signs of early blight in my tomatoes last Friday. Apply my first spray of Revus Top & Badge S C on Sunday. [If you haven t found any bacterial diseases yet on your tomatoes, then you don t need the copper (Badge) with the fungicide.] Steve and Ben Berezc, The Farm, Woodbury, CT [reported by JB] CEW 0.2 moths/night = 6-day schedule on fresh silking corn. Pre-tassel stage corn 18% ECB, threshold is 15%. Broccoli and cabbage: 60% ICW and DBM larvae. Threshold is 20% after heading. Eggplant: aphids. This is the last month to legally use Thiodan, so he is using what he has so his pesticide room doesn t turn into a storage for discontinued products. Earl Skokan, Stillwater Farm, Torrington, CT [reported by JB] Peppers: all plants have yellow leaves characteristic of a virus. There is no treatment. Brassica crops: 60% ICW larvae. He treated with Dipel. Tomato: We found both early blight and bacterial spec. He will treat with Bravo and copper. Peas: The CT AG Experiment Station diagnostician, Dr. Li, says that your peas had Ascochyta pinodes, which causes dark spots on the leaves and rapid death of flowers and plants. It winters in the old debris of peas and can spread many miles on the wind, but probably originally came in on infected seed. Management includes, crop rotation, disking or plowing in pea debris immediately after you are finished with the crop and before the disease can be dispersed by wind and rain. Your zucchini plant was diagnosed as Phielaeiotsis root rot, a common disease on flowers in the greenhouse. Dr. Li didn t have any management recommendations for field infections and it is not in any of my vegetable books on cucurbit crops.

Bacterial spec of tomato, photo by J. Allan, UConn Josh Vincent, Vincent Farms, W. Suffield, CT [reported by JB] We set up his fall armyworm trap in one-foot tall whorl stage corn.

3 Bacterial spec of tomato, photo by J. Allan, UConn Josh Vincent, Vincent Farms, W. Suffield, CT [reported by JB] We set up his fall armyworm trap in one-foot tall whorl stage corn. CEW = zero moths captured ECB = zero moths captured Summer squash: powdery mildew was detected on his yellow and green squash. He will apply one application of sulfur and finish harvesting from the first planting late next week. Peppers: we found a couple of fruit that had been stung by pepper maggot flies. No eggs were found, which is typical during the first week that they are flying. He will make a single application of dimethoate.

4 Round, white, pepper maggot stings on bell pepper. Usually at the bottom of a slight dimple. Jonathan Griffin, Oxen Hill Farm, W. Suffield, CT [reported by JB] Peppers: We found bacterial leaf spot on the leaves in one corner of the field. BLS can defoliate the plants and cause the fruit to have raised wart-like spots on the surface or sunscald. You can use hot water seed treatment or streptomycin in the greenhouse, resistant varieties for your bell varieties, 3 year crop rotation, eliminate solanaceous weeds, rogue out the first infected plants found to limit spread, and spray copper. A boom sprayer is much preferred over a mist blower when spraying for a bacterial disease, to help prevent blowing the bacterial slime across the block. BLS is caused by Xanthomonus campestris, the same Xanthomonus slime that is used as a thickener in many of the foods that you eat. No pepper maggots were found on the ammonia-baited trap in a maple tree and there were no stings on fruit at this site. Broccoli: 40% ICW and DBM. Treat before harvest to avoid having customers find worms on their supper plate. Young plantings needed weeding. It is too late for a basket weeder, so a more aggressive Lilliston spider weeder will be needed and some quick hoeing.

5 Bacterial leaf spot on pepper, photo by R. Wick, UMass Steve Munno, Massaro Community Farm, Woodbridge, CT [reported by JB] Steve had his potatoes covered most of the season to protect them from potato leaf hoppers and Colorado potato beetles. He just uncovered them at flowering and will apply one application of PyGanic and neem for PLH before harvest, which is rapidly approaching. Steve uses a perpetual spinach, Gator, from Fedco Seeds, for his summer spinach planting. He says it is actually a Swiss chard that looks like spinach. He kept his spinach, chard and beets under a row cover until about a week before harvest. However, in the 7 days since he removed the cover the leafminers have laid eggs and some mines have started appearing. Tomatoes: there were quite a few unstaked plants that had been twisted and damaged by the wind just above the soil line. Willy Dellacamra, Cecarelli Farm, Northford, CT [reported by JB] Peppers: we found pepper maggot stings on the cherry peppers. He will make one application of dimethoate.

6 Sweet corn: 0.7 CEW at one of three sites = 5 day spray schedule on silking corn. 0 ECB moths. Set up a FAW trap in young whorl stage corn. Older whorl and pre-tassel stage fields had 10-16% of the plants infested with FAW. If you are not running FAW traps, you should continue to scout your whorl and pre-tassel stage plantings between the two generations or flights of corn borer moths. Coragen, Radiant or Avaunt often work better on FAW than synthetic pyrethroids, such as Warrior. The private crop consultant that Nelson employs detected the first cabbage looper caterpillars of the season on their cabbage. Options include the insect growth regulator Intrepid, Radiant, Entrust, B.t., Coragen or several other products listed in the NEVM Guide ( Tomatoes: they applied their second application of mancozeb and copper for early blight and bacterial spec and will switch to a fungicide with a shorter day-to-harvest restriction, such as Bravo or cabrio, when the fruit begin to color. Michaele Williams, Bishop s Orchard, Guilford, CT [reported by JB] We scouted her onions and found up to 36 thrips per plant. You have to separate the leaves and look right down at the base to see the tiny yellow insects. The threshold is 3 thrips per leaf. She will try an application of Radiant (spinosad) and a wetting agent to get the insecticide down to where the insects hide between the leaves. The onions should be rotated to a different field next year. Daren Hall, George Hall Farm, W. Simsbury [reported by JB] Potatoes: Real trouble - CPB are not dying when sprayed with Entrust indicating that they are now resistant to this insecticide at this site. A section of the field where plants have been stripped of leaves are being harvested early. He will try either Mycotrol-O or PyGanic mixed with azadirachtin and rotate his crop to a distant field next year. Broccoli: 100% infested with ICW larvae. He will treat with Entrust before harvesting later in the week. He used his Reggie finger weeder to weed his small-seeded crops: carrots, beets, turnips, radishes. He is thinking about buying a basket weeder to speed up the job, but we were both very pleased with the finger weeder results. Summer squash: Plants are wilting and dying from Phytophthora blight after the heavy rains last week that resulted in standing water in low areas. Water management is the answer. Use all available options to keep water from standing in the field for hours. That includes: subsoiling or zone tilling, creating swails or drainage ditches to re-route water, avoid planting in wet holes, plant on dome-shaped beds to shed water, break beds to let water flow out of field, use the slope of the field to let water exit, etc. Also, work infested field last and clean equipment between fields to prevent moving spores to clean fields. Use well water or clean water for irrigation. Rodger and Isabelle Phillips, Sub Edge Farm, Farmington, CT Tomatoes: Scouted and found heavy aphid populations and Septoria leaf spot. He can use insecticidal soap for the aphids and copper or Double Nickle for the SLS.

7 Jude Boucher, UConn Extension Pepper maggots: Flies were stinging fruit in Northford and W. Suffield this week. If you have your peppers in a field where they have suffered PM damage in previous years, you should treat with dimethoate or Orthene. Two aplications 10 days apart usually will do the job. A single application will take care of low populations. A perimeter trap crop of cherry peppers increases efficacy and reduces insecticide use with this pest. Organic growers should use PTC and Seduce bait under the plants or liquid GF-120 fruit Fly bait (tough to apply correctly). Fall armyworm and cabbage loopers have arrived from the South. Be sure to scout your sweet corn and Brassica crops. Cabbage looper Pumpkins and winter squash: The IPM program in CT advocates that you scout your planting weekly once vines run. Start your fungicide program for full-season cucurbit crops when you find PM on the bottom of one leaf out of 50 older leaves, then rotate through each family of mobile fungicides over the course of the summer (one application per resistance group or family). The mobile fungicide should be mixed with a fungicide that will provide some control of PM and the other major fruit rot diseases, such as black rot, Plectosporium and scab. When you run out of mobile fungicide groups switch to sulfur for PM and a broad spectrum fungicide to control the fruit rot disease complex. Sulfur will provide the best under-leaf control of PM of all the protectants. This type of program has been providing IPM growers with % marketable fruit for years (see Effects of Fungicide Timing and Tillage on Resistant Pumpkins on the UConn IPM Web Site, One example of this type of spray program that combines great efficacy and resistance management would be to make applications at 10-day intervals with: Vivando (group U8) + Bravo; Torino (U6) + Bravo; Quintec (13) + Cabrio; Procure (3) + Bravo; then sulfur and Bravo. Note: Quintec is not registered for summer squash and cucumbers, but is registered for all the full-season cucurbits (pumpkins, melons, gourds, and winter squash). Organic growers can alternate with sulfur and Milstop, or similar products. That s all for this week. I ll send another update next Friday, July 17th.

ECB are also very low with only 1 moth found in the Z trap this week. This is up from a total of 0 last week.

ECB are also very low with only 1 moth found in the Z trap this week. This is up from a total of 0 last week. UConn Extension Vegetable IPM Pest Message & Reports from the Farm, Friday July 24th, 2015 [Comments or answers in brackets are provided by Jude Boucher, UConn Extension] Note: there will be no pest message