Vermiculite Containing Materials

Transcription

1 Vermiculite Containing Materials Analytical Challenges Copyright EMSL New York Guidance 04/11 Copyright New York Guidance 06/22/12 Copyright

2 New York Guidance 07/09/13 Copyright New York Guidance 07/09/13 Copyright New York Guidance 07/09/13 Copyright

3 New York Guidance 07/09/13 Copyright Vermiculite Analysis Copyright Vermiculite LIGHT MEDIUM DARK Copyright

4 Vermiculite LIGHT MEDIUM DARK Copyright Vermiculite Ore Photo courtesy of Copyright Vermiculite s Many Uses Fertilizer Block Fill Vermiculite fire board Copyright

5 Vermiculite Uses General Loose fill Carriers Density modifiers Fire Protection Insulation Industrial Absorbent Packing Brake Pads / Shoes Drilling Muds Filtration Beds Fireproof safes Furnaces Paints Sealants Construction Floor and Roof Screed Gypsum Plaster Loft Insulation Acoustic finishes Sound Deadening Horticultural Hydroponics Potting soil Mixes Carrier for fertilizers and insecticides Copyright Spray On Insulation Samples primarily affected by the current NY policies Spray on fireproofing Textures Popcorn Ceilings etc. Copyright Libby Vermiculite For over 70 years Libby supplied an estimated 80% of the world s vermiculite! Copyright

6 Asbestos Contamination Copyright Libby Vermiculite Rice grain sized Asbestos chunks can sometimes be detected visually Copyright Libby Vermiculite Hand picking large amphibole chunks is straightforward. Their absence does not mean the sample is asbestos free. Copyright

7 Looking for Smaller Fibers PLM Copyright Identification Strong Chrysotile, crossed polars, gypsum plate in (pos. SOE) Amosite Dispersion staining mode (blue/gold) Chrysotile kink bands Not true RI colors Copyright Quantitation Weak Limitations of the PLM Method Copyright

8 What s the Percentage? 5% Copyright Quantitation Weak Calibrated Visual Estimation (CVE) of Asbestos Percentage from a combination of stereo and PLM Point Count using a single cross hair graticule or a 25 point Chalkley Array graticule. Copyright Analysis Only Good as the Prep Especially for Point Count Uniform Random Monolayer Copyright

9 Quantification Issues Particle size (height) prevents making a nice monolayer prep Particle size (L and W) makes for large variability in percentage by point counting Copyright EMSL Fireproof Insulation Stereo No Intact Exfoliated Vermiculite Books Only Thin Sheets/Flakes Copyright Textured Ceiling Stereo A Few Exfoliated Books of Vermiculite Copyright

10 NY Guidance Straightforward at least right? Copyright ID Issues Vermiculite, Biotite, Muscovite, etc. Overlapping RIs Copyright Vermiculite Ore Photo courtesy of Copyright

11 Biotite Montana Copyright Biotite ONTARIO, CANADA MEXICO Copyright Muscovite New Hampshire Copyright

12 Lepidolite Copyright Fuschite Brazil Copyright PLM First Order Red Crossed Polars, Compensator In Vermiculite Lepidolite Fuschite Biotite Muscovite Pollock (ite) Copyright

13 PLM Crossed Polars Vermiculite Lepidolite Fuschite Biotite Muscovite Copyright Libby Vermiculite Micas and vermiculite have many similar properties but it was Vermiculite and specifically Vermiculite from Libby Montana that ended up in most building materials Copyright NY Guidance Copyright

14 NY Guidance Copyright Gravimetric Reduction (198.6) 480 o C (900 o F) filtration HCl acid treatment Copyright Monokote MSDS Spray On can have quite a bit of removable matrix Copyright

15 Methods with Matrix Removal EPA (600) PLM NOB EPA (600) TEM NOB NY State ELAP (PLM) NY ELAP (TEM) Chatfield SOP (TEM) Copyright g of VCM (spray on) Copyright EMSL Spray On Residue After Grav Copyright EMSL

16 PLM Performed on Ash Copyright Analysis of Vermiculite The problems with Vermiculite Analysis Particle size prohibits making a proper slide mount Asbestos not always homogenous within the sample Asbestos can be locked between plates and therefore not easily detected Non regulated Libby Amphiboles present Copyright NY Guidance: More? Than Answers These Interim guidelines are effective until new testing methods are established that effectively remove vermiculite from test samples and accurately identify asbestos. Based on Addison Davies? Copyright

17 NY Guidance: More? Than Answers These Interim guidelines are effective until new testing methods are established that effectively remove vermiculite from test samples and accurately identify asbestos. Based on Addison Davies? September/October? about a year? Will materials need to be re tested with the new method once it is established If the new method is one proposed by a private firm as an acceptable alternative to an ELAP method will this method be proprietary? Can we presume that the new method can be used for loose fill vermiculite as well as VCMs? Copyright Wait it Out? Approach 1 Cancel or delay asbestos surveys if possible until final regulations are in place. Approach 2 If initial analysis determines vermiculite content >10% they are stopping. The material is treated as ACM. Approach 3 If analysis determines vermiculite content >10% proceed to to determine the ASBESTOS percentage. Materials are classified as ACM or non ACM accordingly, disclaimer is tolerated. Approach 4 Approach 2 or 3 are followed for regulatory compliance and then various additional prep and analysis steps are requested. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis is typically a part of this process to demonstrate Best Available Technology. Copyright Analysis Options Above and Beyond Beyond the ELAP then approach TEM by ELAP Method is an obvious next step though particle size can be an issue (light milling) Copyright

18 The Cincinnati Method Research Method for Sampling and Analysis of Fibrous Amphibole in Vermiculite Attic Insulation EPA/600/R 04/004 (January 2004) Copyright A Cincinnati Method Alternative CARB 435 Or EPA 600 Fine fibers like these will likely be missed by the Cincinnati screening method. As an alternative to the Cincinnati method, a CARB style milling prior to analysis can be used Copyright CARB 435 Style Milling After milling, a PLM 400 or 1000 point count (0.25% or 0.1%) Copyright

19 Another Alternative EPA TEM Qualitative Method Now an ASTM Draft Method Copyright ASTM TEM Qualitative Ignore floats Ignore sinks Analyze the suspension Copyright ASTM TEM Qualitative Drop Mount or Filtration ($uperior) Copyright

20 ASTM TEM Qualitative Magnification at 20,000X so can see even individual asbestos fibers / fibrils ID by EDXA and SAED Positive / Negative only, no quantitation Copyright TEM is Good for ID of Libby Amphiboles Libby Amphibole Standard Like actinolite / tremolite, with addition of Na & K Copyright Vermiculite Options Cincinnati Method Vermiculite separated into fractions, floating, sinks and suspended fractions. Analysis is by a combination PLM / TEM CARB (CA Air Resource Board) 435 Method Sample is milled, followed by a PLM point count EPA 600 Milling followed by PLM EPA 600 Milling followed by TEM Analysis Can break out of mass percent with and without the contribution of Libby Amphiboles ASTM TEM Qualitative Method Excellent fiber ID but no quantification Addison Davies Method Remove vermiculite prior to analysis Copyright

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