Level 2 Certificate in Gardening (Practical) ( )

Transcription

1 Level 2 Certificate in Gardening (Practical) ( ) Practical Tasks Manual Version 2 July 2007

2 Publications and enquiries Publications are available as hard copy from Publications sales, City & Guilds, 1 Giltspur Street, London EC1A 9DD or download from under the Qualifications tab. General information may be obtained from Customer support NPTC Stoneleigh Park Warwickshire CV8 2LG United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) Fax: +44 (0) information@nptc.org.uk Equal opportunities NPTC wholeheartedly supports the principle of equal opportunities in employment, subcontracting and delivery of assessment services. We oppose all forms of unlawful or unfair discrimination on the grounds of colour, race, nationality, ethnic or national origin, religion or belief, sexual orientation, marital status, age or disability. We believe that it is in NPTC s interests, and the interests of those who work for or in association with NPTC, to ensure that the human resources, talents and skills available throughout the community are considered when employment or work opportunities arise. To this end, within the framework of the law, we are committed, wherever practicable, to achieving and maintaining a workforce which broadly reflects the local community in which we operate. Every step will be taken to ensure that individuals are treated equally and fairly and that decisions on recruitment, selection, training, promotion and career management are based solely on objective and job related criteria. Similarly, we will strive to ensure that all candidates have equal access to assessment and that they are protected against unfair or unlawful discrimination, unnecessary barriers to assessment or harassment during assessment. For a copy of our Equal Opportunities Policy please contact your assessment centre or NPTC at the above address. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this publication is true and correct at the time of going to press. However, NPTC products and services are subject to continuous development and improvement and the right is reserved to change products and services from time to time. NPTC cannot accept liability for loss or damage arising from the use of information in this publication NPTC All rights reserved. Registered Charity No: Company Registration No: NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

3 Contents Introductory notes Carry out a risk assessment for a specified task Complete an entry in an accident book Identify a range of fire fighting equipment Carry out routine maintenance on powered machinery Carry out routine maintenance on hand tools Analyse soil texture Collect a soil sample and make a ph determination of a soil extract by colorimetric method Single digging Preparation of an area of land for sowing or planting, Measuring, mixing and applying a liquid spray chemical Identify trees and shrubs Plant and stake a bare-root standard tree Plant and stake a containerised standard tree Pruning a shrub that flowers on the previous season s growth Pruning a shrub that flowers on the current season s growth or is coppiced for winter stem effect Pruning a bush rose Pruning a climbing rose Pruning a rambler rose Hedge trimming with shears Hedge trimming with electrically-powered trimmer Planting and training a climbing plant Staking herbaceous perennials Lifting and dividing herbaceous perennials Sowing a hardy annual border NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 3

4 4.4 Planting successional bedding Identification of hardy annuals, bedding or herbaceous perennials Planting flower bulbs for spring display Planting flower bulbs for naturalisation in grass Preparing and planting a hanging basket or container Propagation by softwood cuttings Propagation of conifers by semi-ripe cuttings Propagation of broad-leaved shrubs by semi-ripe cuttings Propagation by leaf lamina or leaf petiole cuttings Propagation by root cuttings Propagation by hard wood cuttings Dividing Dahlia tubers Sowing seeds broadcast in trays Sowing seeds singly in containers or spaced in seed trays Pricking out seedlings Sowing seeds in short drills Hoeing to control annual weeds Applying mulch to an established planting to control weeds Identify weed seedlings Identify pests and/or pest damage Identify plant diseases and disorders Identify beneficial predatory insects /other organisms Establishing a lawn from turf Sowing lawn seed by hand Edging turf with shears and iron Scarifying turf NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

5 7.4 Application of bulky top-dressing to a lawn Preparing and using an engine-powered, pedestrian-operated cylinder mower Preparing and using an engine-powered, pedestrian-operated rotary mower Repairing damaged area of turf Hand application of granular fertilizer to lawns Calibration and operation of a pedestrian-controlled fertilizer distributor Sub-surface aeration of turf by hand Levelling - setting an even gradient between two fixed points Laying concrete block paving Laying concrete paving on a prepared, compacted base Laying concrete blocks or bricks Lift and divide established aquatic plants Clear pond of debris Planting a water lily in an aquatic container Identify pond invertebrates Draw an orientated, scale plan for a wildlife garden Grow green manure Make leafmould Making garden compost Making a lacewing shelter Triangulation techniques Setting out from a plan Drawing a plan to scale Sowing seeds by hand in drills Planting row crops by hand NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 5

6 12.3 Preparing a trench suitable for raspberries, hedging plants, or runner beans Checking a small engine before use and starting it Operating a wheel-driven, engine-powered, pedestrian-operated rotary cultivator Staking runner bean plants in the row Erecting a continuous polythene cloche Planting and staking a young fruit tree using a planting board Planting strawberry runners Pruning an established fruit tree by the regulated system Pruning an established cordon or espalier apple or pear Pruning gooseberry or blackcurrant bushes Pruning established cane fruits Mow long grass/meadow area Sow a wildflower meadow Construct a nest site for bumble bees Construct a nest box Identification of wild flowers Further information NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

7 Certificate in Gardening (Practical) Practical Tasks Unit 015 Introductory notes 1 General Practical work (015) is a compulsory part of the Level 2 Certificate in Gardening (Practical)( ) Candidates are not required to do practical work to qualify for the Certificate in Gardening ( ). However, practical experience is a very valuable part of learning and it is hoped that candidates will be given the opportunity to do practical tasks in both schemes. Practical assessment for candidates taking the practical unit (015) must be based on the tests set out in this manual. Practical tests should be held either while the relevant module(s) is/are being studied or at an appropriate time, dependent on special requirements e.g. seasonal availability. 2 Format The assessments in this manual are written in the following style Title Preparation requirements - for planning by assessor Instructions to candidate Significant assessments points (Marking) Successful completion of the significant assessments indicated by in boxes. Photocopies of each test to be undertaken should be made for each candidate and also used as a checklist during assessment by the assessor. The candidate and assessor should both sign and date the assessment checklist on satisfactory completion. 3 Assessment The "significant assessment points" enable assessors to check precisely if a candidate meets all the objective criteria (pass) or not (fail). Assessors should mark using only the criteria identified by the significant assessment points. For example, candidates should not be expected to select and evaluate materials, tools, and equipment EXCEPT where selection and evaluation are part of the assessment. Assessors must avoid any diversions into forming opinions about the appearance, manner and the general ability of a candidate that could affect judgement about that candidate's performance in the assessed activity, as listed. 5 Safety The need to adopt safe working practices at all times cannot be over emphasised, and is the responsibility of all concerned. In any circumstances where a candidate has not been provided with the necessary means of self-protection or is performing in an unsafe fashion, the assessor must discontinue the test. Candidates should not, without the most careful precautions, be given material to identify and/or, evaluate which are known to be in any way toxic or irritant. NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 7

8 6 Providing for assessments of practical tasks a b Candidates must be given adequate space in which to work and tools, equipment and material required should be at hand or easily accessible. Tools, equipment and machines must be in good condition and conform with all current health & safety legislation. In particular, the following should be observed: Risk assessments should be carried out and tools must be used under supervision Units should be delivered in accordance with relevant existing legislation on Health and Safety e.g. PUWER c d e f In any assessment of a skill involving hand tools proper provision must be made for candidates who are left-handed. Candidates must not, under any circumstances, be made to work in unsuitable conditions, eg. on soil in an unworkable condition, in ill-lighted buildings or under any other conditions which would adversely affect their performance. Plants, plant material and equipment, which candidates are required to work with must be suitable and appropriate for the purpose. Equipment and machinery should be adjusted, whenever possible, to suit the size, height and comfort of the candidate. 7 Identification tests a The specimens for identification must be clearly numbered and set out in such a manner that ensures they are sufficiently far apart to prevent candidates copying from or conferring with each other. c d e f g Real specimens should be used for identification of plant material, but in some circumstances photographs may be used for other tests. Each candidate should be given a photocopy of the answer sheet and write on it his/her name and the test centre number. Candidates are required to give clearly the names of plants or materials. Marks are awarded only for botanical names and should be awarded if the answer can be seen to be a positive identification (even if the spelling is incorrect). A maximum of 1 identification test may be chosen for each group, except for units where candidates are required to use a key. Completed forms should be signed and dated by the assessor and should be retained by centre in the candidate s file. 8 NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

9 4 Selection of tests Candidates for Level 2 Certificate in Gardening should do a total of 12 tests, i.e. 3 chosen to match each of the four 0062 units they have studied and intend to take for written assessment. Some tests are general and relate to a wide range of units, while other tests relate specifically to individual units. The selection of suitable tests will depend on the facilities available at centres and should normally be from within the group specified below. Tests from other groups should only be chosen with the consent of the External Verifier. Unit 1 1.1, 1.2,1.3,1.4,1.5 plus Unit 2 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 plus 12.4, 12.5 Unit 3 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, , 3.11 plus 13.1 Unit 4 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8 plus 5.7(not with 4.2), 2.3, 2.4, 6.1, 6.2 Unit 5 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11, plus 4.2( not with 5.7) Unit 6 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, plus 2.5 Unit 7 7.0,7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9,7.10, 7.11, 7.12, 7.13, 7.14 plus Unit 8 8.1, 8.2, 8.3,8.4 plus NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 9

10 Unit 9 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5 plus 6.1, 6.2, 12.1, 12.3 Unit , 10.2, 10.3 plus 2.1, 2.2, 9.1 Unit 11 No practical tests plus Unit , 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7 plus 2.3, 2.4 Unit , 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6 plus 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5 Unit , 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5 plus 6.6, 9.1, NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

11 1.1 Carry out a risk assessment for a specified task Risk assessment pro-forma 1 Candidates should complete a risk assessment for a specified task using the pro- forma provided. 2 Candidates within a group should complete risk assessments for different tasks. Instructions to candidates a Carry out a risk assessment for a specified task with which you are familiar, for a particular person or group, using the pro-forma provided. 1 All significant hazards correctly identified 2 Associated risks assessed 3 Safe system or procedure developed to minimise the risks identified Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 11

12 1.1 Risk Assessment Pro-forma Specify the task Specify the situation/group Identify all the hazards Assess the risks in the specific situation State system of work/procedure to minimise the risks assessed Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

13 1.2 Complete an entry in an accident book Page from an accident book RIDDOR recording sheet 1 Photocopied forms are acceptable. 2 Candidates should be given a scenario to report Instructions to candidates For a workplace accident, complete an entry in an accident book and a RIDDOR report. 1 Forms filled in legibly 2 All required parts completed 3 Correct information used Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 13

14 1.3 Identify a range of fire fighting equipment A range of 5 items of fire fighting equipment. 1 Candidates should complete the pro-forma below, identifying the equipment and stating the use. Instructions to candidates a Complete the pro-forma below, identifying the fire fighting equipment, the type of fire used on and how the equipment is used. Type of equipment Type of fire(s) used on Method of use 1 Equipment identified 2 Types of fire stated 3 How the equipment is used Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

15 1.4 Carry out routine maintenance on powered machinery One pedestrian-controlled horticultural machine. The manufacturer s handbook A range of the required engineering hand tools Suitable engine oil, receptacle and P.P.E. Replacement spark plug 1 Safe practices must be followed throughout the test 2 Candidates should complete at least 3 of the tasks specified. Instructions to candidates Observing safe practices, carry out at least 3 of the tasks specified a b c d Carry out an oil change on a petrol-engined machine. Clean or change an air filter Clean or change a spark plug and set the correct gap Re-fuel a petrol-engined machine 1 Machine made safe before maintenance carried out 2 Machine clean before maintenance carried out 3 Oil changed 4 Air filter cleaned or changed 5 Spark plug cleaned or changed 6 Engine re-fuelled 7 Hazardous and/or non hazardous waste disposed of correctly Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 15

16 1.5 Carry out routine maintenance on hand tools 1 used hand tool for cleaning 1 wheelbarrow and suitable lubricant for the axle 1 hand tool requiring sharpening 1 pneumatic tyre and foot-pump and pressure gauge 1 Safe practices must be followed throughout the test Instructions to candidates a b c d Clean and oil a hand tool after use Lubricate the axle of a wheelbarrow Sharpen a hand tool Pump up and check the pressure of a pneumatic tyre 1 Hand tool cleaned 2 Hand tool oiled 3 Wheelbarrow axle lubricated 4 Hand tool sharpened 5 Pneumatic tyre inflated 6 Tyre pressure checked Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

17 2.1 Analyse Soil Texture Samples of 2 distinct soils Copy of a soil test key Water for wetting samples and washing hands Instructions to candidates a Determine the soil texture of each the soil samples, giving reasons for your decisions 1 Sample sufficiently moistened 2 Stones and gravel removed 3 Sample worked to even consistency 4 Key used effectively 5 Sample1 texture correctly identified 6 Sample 2 texture correctly identified 7 Work area cleaned Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 17

18 2.2 Collect a soil sample and make a ph determination of a soil extract by colorimetric method Three areas of land known to have differing ph Bucket to contain initial samples Polythene bag for soil samples Garden trowel Proprietary soil-testing - eg, BDH kit (alternative kits may be used but must be based on a colorimetric method) 1 Only one sample need to be collected on site, the remaining two samples may be brought in.. 2 Candidates with red-green colour blindness may have difficulty at red end of the chart and may need assistance. Instructions to candidate a b c Collect for a ph determination a representative soil sample from the area of land indicated. Following the instructions accompanying the soil-testing kit provided, make a colorimetric determination of the ph of each of the three soil samples provided. Make a note of these determinations and report them to the assessor. 1 Five samples taken from evenly distributed points on the plot using a W pattern 2 Samples taken with a trowel, 25-50mm deep and of uniform diameter and placed in a bucket 3 Samples mixed uniformly in the bucket and sub-sample transferred to the polythene bag 4 Polythene bag labelled 5 Manufacturers' instructions followed to test the samples 6 Indicator colours compared on completion of the test with the colour chart 7 The ph values set against each of these matching colours noted and reported to the assessor Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

19 2.3 Single digging Spade and Fork Garden line and marker pegs Manure or compost Measuring pole Plot of land, approximately 3m x 3m, cleared of the previous crop and clearly marked out Stiff broom Wheelbarrow The assessment can be carried out at any time of the year, but autumn digging is intended. This is not an assessment on the control of perennial weeds and the area of land provided should be free of such infestation. Instructions to the candidate Single dig the area of soil indicated. Apply the manure or compost at about 10kg - per m2. 1 Plot marked out by 'splitting' in half 2 First trench excavated to the depth of 250mm, approximately, and to a width of 400mm, and the soil deposited in a suitable place adjacent to the final trench 3 Manure or compost spread evenly in the trench 4 Spade inserted to its full depth and in a near vertical position 5 Suitable sized spits of soil lifted and inverted 6 Area dug a without 'losing' or 'gaining' the trench b burying all trash and manure or compost as work proceeds c achieving an approximately level finish d leaving a 'rough' finish for over-wintering 7 Final trench filled with the soil from the first trench 8 Adjacent path or grass area cleared of spillage Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 19

20 2.4 Preparation of an area of land for sowing or planting Area of land measuring 3m x 3m which is ready for cultivation Container for fertiliser Garden fork or hand-cultivator Measuring rod Rake Scales for weighing fertiliser Bucket or wheelbarrow Spade Garden line and tape measure 1 Candidates should be instructed how to put down a taut line. This skill is important in many gardening tasks and will be helpful in other tests which require putting down a line. 2 Candidates should be required to apply a base dressing of a compound fertiliser at the specified rate. An inexpensive material may be used to substitute fertiliser provided it is realistic. Instructions to the candidate a Using the hand tools provided, prepare the area of land indicated for the sowing of seeds or the planting of small transplants. b Weigh-out, and apply fertiliser at the rate instructed to the whole area. Incorporate into half the area. 1 Plot marked out with taut lines. 2 Clods of soil broken down with a garden fork or hand-held cultivator 3 Soil harrowed with the rake and large debris removed 4 Soil consolidated evenly with the feet 5 Soil surface raked again; leave a smooth surface with an even tilth 6 Area of the plot measured 7 Fertiliser weighed and applied evenly at the rate specified to the whole area 8 Fertiliser lightly raked in on half the area 9 Area around plot cleaned and stones removed Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

21 2.5 Measuring, mixing and applying a liquid spray chemical Simulated spray chemical with a real label Sprayer (knapsack sprayer or hand pumped pneumatic sprayer of 5 litre minimum capacity) Measuring container of appropriate size (e.g. small syringe) Area of land or plants to be sprayed, according to the chemical Protective clothing (minimum rubber gloves) 1 The area of land or number of plants to be sprayed must be appropriate for the size of the sprayer. Instructions to the candidate a b c d Mix chemicals according to manufacturers' instructions. Spray the area (or number of plants) indicated. Dispose of surplus spray materials, if necessary. Clean sprayer. 1 Sprayer and jet operation checked with clean water before commencing 2 Sprayer part-filled with water 3 Chemical measured and mixed according to instructions 4 Sprayer topped up to required level 5 Area (or number of plants) sprayed according to instructions 6 Surplus spray disposed of correctly 7 Sprayer washed out and cleaned 8 Safety precautions diligently observed Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 21

22 3.1 Identification Test for Trees and Shrubs One answer sheet per candidate Samples from trees and shrubs The test can be general, or specific to autumn colour, berries and so on, but only one identification test is allowed for this unit. Instructions to candidate Identify the plants provided by botanical name specimen Answer x Total number correct Success criteria: 7 correct Overall result (Pass/Fail) Candidate signature Date... Candidate Name....Reg.no. Assessor signature..date.. 22 NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

23 3.2 Plant and stake a bare-root standard tree Area of cultivated soil, ready for planting Drive-all or mall Spade, Fork and Crowbar Hammer, Nails and Saw Stake and hard hat Tying materials or patent tree-tie Standard bare-root tree, suitable for permanent planting Organic matter 1 Candidates may require help for driving in the stake. 2 Candidate and assistant should wear hard hats when driving in the stake 3 Stake to be 1/3 of tree height, maximum 1 metre with one tree tie. 4 Root-ball should be pre-soaked if needed Instructions to the candidate a b Plant, stake and tie the tree provided at the position indicated by the assessor. Leave the site tidy. 1 Hole dug which was; a greater in diameter than the spread of the root-system of the tree b deep enough to allow the tree to be planted to its former depth 2 Floor of the hole broken up to a depth of about 250mm, breaking any pan present and reconsolidated 3 Tree examined and any damaged roots cut back cleanly 4 Tree and stake positioned in the correct position with regard to the stake and the viewpoint 5 Hole made by crowbar and stake driven in a vertically b until it is completely firm NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 23

24 6 Hole backfilled progressively, while holding the tree in an upright position to the stake a ensuring that the backfill is properly friable b shaking the tree up and down to infiltrate the soil uniformly between the roots c firming with the feet d ensuring that the depth is correct to previous nursery mark e digging-in the sides of the hole to prevent circular caking 7 Tree tied to the stake firmly. Nail driven through to hold tie firm. 8 Top of the stake cut off 25-50mm above the tie if required. 9 Any broken or crossing branches pruned back to sound buds 10 Site forked and tidied 11 Tree watered and mulched Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

25 3.3 Plant and stake a containerised standard tree Area of cultivated soil, ready for planting Drive-all or mall Spade, Fork and Crowbar Hammer, Nails and Saw Stake and hard hat Tying materials or patent tree-tie Standard tree, suitable for permanent planting Organic matter 1 Candidates may require help for driving in the stake. 2 Candidate and assistant should wear hard hats when driving in the stake 3 Stake to be 1/3 of tree height, maximum 1 metre with one tree tie. 4 Root-ball should be pre-soaked if needed Instructions to the candidate a b Plant, stake and tie the tree provided at the position indicated by the assessor. Leave the site tidy. 1 Hole dug which was a greater in diameter than the spread of the root-system of the tree b deep enough to allow the tree to be planted to its former depth 2 Floor of the hole broken up to a depth of about 250mm, breaking any pan present 3 Tree examined and removed carefully from its container; roots teased out if required. 4 Tree and stake positioned in the correct position with regard to the stake and the viewpoint 5 Hole made by crowbar and stake driven in a at an angle, base of stake away from prevailing wind b until it is completely firm NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 25

26 6 Hole backfilled progressively, while holding the tree in an upright position to the stake a ensuring that the backfill is properly friable b firming with the feet c ensuring that the depth is correct, graft union at correct height d digging-in the sides of the hole to prevent circular caking 7 Tree tied to the stake, firmly at a suitable point 8 Top of the stake cut off mm above the tie 9 Any broken or crossing branches pruned back to sound buds 10 Site forked and tidied 11 Tree watered and mulched Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

27 3.4 Pruning a shrub that flowers on the previous season s growth Fork and rake Gloves and eye protection Secateurs and Loppers Small pruning saw Established shrub which flowers on wood of the previous season's growth (eg, Forsythia, Deutzia, Philadelphus) 1 ALL shrubs which candidates are asked to prune MUST have been subject to regular pruning and MUST be named. 2 Although roses flower on wood of the current season's growth, much of this arises from older wood and poses problems of judgement, therefore the pruning of roses is treated separately from other shrubs. Instructions to candidates a Prune the shrub indicated in a manner suited to its habit of flowering. 1 All dead, diseased and weakly growth removed right back to its point of origin 2 All cuts made cleanly and back to strong and healthy buds 3 As much two-year old wood as possible removed without sacrificing too much one-year old wood 4 Older wood removed to base, where possible 5 Remaining branches left evenly spaced so that shrub looks balanced 6 All prunings gathered and removed and site left tidy Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 27

28 3.5 Pruning a shrub that flowers on the current season s growth or is coppiced for winter stem effect Fork and rake Gloves and eye protection Secateurs and Loppers Small pruning saw Established shrub, which flowers on wood of the current season's growth (eg, Buddleia davidii. Spiraea japonica)) 1 ALL shrubs which candidates are asked to prune MUST have been subject to regular pruning and MUST be named. 2 Although roses flower on wood of the current season's growth, much of this arises from older wood and poses problems of judgement, therefore the pruning of roses is treated separately from other shrubs. Instructions to candidates a Prune the shrub indicated in a manner suited to its habit of flowering/ to enhance its decorative effect. 1 All dead, diseased and weak growth removed back to its point of origin 2 All cuts made cleanly and back to strong and healthy buds 3 Those that are pollarded (eg, Buddleia davidii). All one-year old wood removed to near its point of origin so that only basal buds left OR Those that are coppiced e.g. Spiraea japonica, Salix species and Cornus alba cultivars grown to provide coloured stems. ALL one-year old wood cut back to the stool at near soil level 4 All prunings gathered and removed and site left tidy Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

29 3.6 Pruning a bush rose Fork and rake Gloves and eye protection Secateurs and Loppers Small pruning saw Established bush rose [ONE large-flowered rose (Hybrid tea) or ONE clusterflowered rose (Floribunda)] ALL roses which candidates are asked to prune MUST have been subject to regular pruning and MUST be named. Instructions to candidates a Prune the bush rose indicated to you. 1 All dead, diseased and weak growth removed back to its point of origin 2 All cuts made cleanly and back to strong and healthy buds 3 Healthy and vigorous shoots pruned appropriate to plant concerned, vigour of shoots and required result 4 Any suckers removed arising from the root stock 5 All prunings gathered and removed and site left tidy Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 29

30 3.7 Pruning a climbing rose Fork and rake Gloves and eye protection Secateurs and Loppers Small pruning saw One established climbing large-flowered rose (Hybrid tea) Step ladder (and assistance with footing the ladder if necessary) ALL roses which candidates are asked to prune MUST have been subject to regular pruning and MUST be named. Instructions to candidates a Prune the climbing rose indicated to you. 1 All dead, diseased and weak growth removed back to its point of origin 2 All cuts made cleanly and back to strong and healthy buds 3 Plant released from its support-system 4 Old branches, which could be replaced by one-year old ones, removed completely to the point where the replacement branch arises 5 All one-year old shoots shortened 6 Where there was a dearth of strong replacement shoots, old shoots 'nicked' above a bud in an attempt to make the bud 'break' in the following growing season 7 All the branches tied in to the support system so that they are evenly spaced 8 Any suckers removed arising from the root stock 4 All prunings gathered and removed and site left tidy Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

31 3.8 Pruning a rambler rose Fork and rake Gloves and eye protection Secateurs and Loppers Small pruning saw One established rambler rose (e.g. Rosa wichuriana) 1 ALL roses which candidates are asked to prune MUST have been subject to regular pruning and MUST be named. 2 Although roses flower on wood of the current season's growth, much of this arises from older wood and poses problems of judgement, therefore the pruning of roses is treated separately from other shrubs. Instructions to candidates a Prune the rambler rose indicated to you. 1 All dead, diseased and weak growth removed back to its point of origin 2 All cuts made cleanly and back to strong and healthy buds 3 Plant released from its support-system 4 All shoots two years or more of age removed to the stool 5 All the one-year old shoots tied in 6 Any laterals which may, exceptionally, have arisen on the normal oneyear old shoots spurred back to one or two buds 7 All prunings gathered and removed and site left tidy Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 31

32 3.9 Hedge-trimming using shears A 3m length of formal hedging up to 1.5m in height in need of trimming Hedge shears Wire rake and Brush Wheelbarrow Measuring-rod and length of cord Loppers and pruning-saw Safe access materials as required. 1 Before the trimming commences, the hedge should be checked and pieces of rubbish which could cause damage to the shears should be removed, unwanted seedling trees and shrubs should be cut out and gaps should be noted for remedial treatment later. Instructions to candidates a b c Check the condition of the hedge to be trimmed. Trim a 3m section of the hedge to the height and shape required. Clean up the site afterwards. 1 Condition of hedge to be trimmed checked. Appropriate action taken 2 Template prepared by trimming hedge to required shape and height at one end as a guide 3 Hedge trimmed to smooth surface by working backwards from the template 4 Taut line fixed at the stated height along the top of the hedge 5 Top of hedge trimmed to smooth finish along the line 6 All prunings gathered and removed and site left tidy Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

33 3.10 Hedge-trimming using an electrically-powered trimmer A 4m length of formal hedging up to 1.5m in height in need of trimming An electrically-powered hedge trimmer, working from the mains or a portable petrol-driven generator Recommended protective clothing, including hat, goggles or face-shield, overalls, safety boots, gloves and ear defenders Loppers and Pruning saw Measuring rod and Length of cord Wire-rake, Wheelbarrow, Brush Safe access materials as required. 1 Where a mains-powered trimmer is used, an R.C.D. circuit breaker must be used.. 2 The cable must be in good condition and without damage. 3 Before trimming commences, the hedge should be checked and rubbish which could cause damage to the cutter should be removed, unwanted seedling trees and shrubs should be cut out and gaps should be noted for remedial treatment later. 4 Candidates must wear protective clothing. Instructions to the candidate a b c Check the condition of the hedge to be trimmed. Trim a 4m section of the hedge to the height and shape required. Clean up the site afterwards. 1 Condition of hedge to be trimmed checked. Appropriate action taken 2 Site cleared of obstructions 3 Cable secured to provide freedom for working and safety 4 ON-OFF switch checked 5 Template prepared by trimming hedge to required shape and height at one end as a guide NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 33

34 6 Hedge trimmed to smooth surface by a working backwards from prepared template b making mainly upward sweeps with the cutter to around shoulder height c matching the template d equipment used safely 7 Taut line fixed at the stated height along top of the hedge 8 Top of the hedge trimmed to smooth finish along the line 9 Trimmer switched-off after use 10 Site cleaned up and left tidy Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

35 3.11 Planting and training a climbing plant Brick wall, drill with masonry bit, R.C.D. and eye protection 75mm screw-in vine eyes and wall plugs or fence and other support materials Straight edge Spirit level 1.25mm galvanised wire Pliers Containerised climbing plant Cane and string Fork and Spade It is assumed that the soil at the site is suitable for planting. Instructions to the candidate a b c d Insert THREE plugs and vine eyes or other suitable support system Erect and tension wire support Plant and fasten plant to lower wire Leave the site tidy 1 Vine eyes screwed in so that wire is at least 25mm from the wall or fence 2 Wire attached to end vine eye, threaded through central vine eye and cut at third vine eye, ensuring that the stretched end is held to prevent recoil. Wire tautened and fastened 3 Hole dug which was a greater in diameter than the container b deep enough to allow the plant to be planted to its full depth 4 Floor of the hole broken up to ensure any pan broken 5 Plants positioned at least 300mm from the wall 6 Container removed NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 35

36 7 Plant held angled towards the wire support, backfilled the hole and a ensured that the backfill was friable and was infiltrated uniformly b ensured that the upper surface of the container compost was no more than 25mm below the surrounding soil surface c sides of the hole dug in and firmed correctly 10 Cane inserted and fastened to the wire 11 Plant tied to the cane and wire 12 Damaged shoots pruned back to sound 13 Site pricked over and tidied Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

37 4.1 Staking herbaceous perennials Brushwood and Canes Fork, Hoes Herbaceous border, a section containing three distinct species at the correct size for staking e.g Delphinium, Helenium, and a group of lilies Mallet and Secateurs String (eg, 'green twist') Small crowbar for insertion, if soil is likely to be hard 1 This assessment is concerned with traditional methods of staking, TWO of which should be assessed a b brushwood (sometimes called peasticks) bamboo canes i used singly, to support stems ii inserted round a clump and linked around and across with strings. 2 The plants provided should be in suitable condition for staking. 3 Soil conditions MUST also be suitable. Instructions to the candidate Stake and tie using canes or brushwood, as appropriate, each of the three distinct kinds of herbaceous plants indicated. A Brushwood 1 Branches pushed securely into the soil and trimmed, where necessary, with secateurs, to give a clean stem for insertion 2 Support material inserted in the correct position without causing unnecessary damage to roots 3 Brushwood positioned and intertwined so that most of it would be concealed by subsequent growth of the plants 4 Untidy twigs trimmed away if required 5 On completion of work, footmarks removed, weeds hoed-off and the area left tidy. NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 37

38 B Single cane or stakes 1 Support material inserted in the correct positions without causing unnecessary damage to roots 2 Supports driven in with a mallet, if required, behind the stem to be supported, and unobtrusive 3 Made ties of individual stems by passing the string once around the stem and twice around the stake 4 Plants tied at a strategic position but not so as to constrict the stem in its subsequent growth 5 Plants tied with reef-knots and trimmed ends back to about 20mm 6 After completion of work, footmarks removed, weeds hoed-off and the area left tidy C With multiple canes 1 Three or more canes driven in around the clump 2 Support material inserted in the correct positions without causing unnecessary damage to roots 3 Peripheral string tied to join all the canes and enclose the clump 4 Horizontal canes tied to any two vertical canes to provide crosssupports Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

39 4.2 Lifting and dividing herbaceous perennials Areaa of cultivated soil, ready for planting Board, for standing on Garden line and Measuring-rod Two forks, Rake, Spade, Trowel and knife Labels and marker Established clumps of herbaceous perennials or perennial herbs to provide for a division by tearing apart of the clump (eg. Aster novibelgii) b dissection of the crown with knife 1 ONE method only needs to be tested Instructions to the candidate a b Prepare propagules of the plants to be divided. Re-plant the propagules in their flowering or cropping positions, or as nursery-liners, as instructed 1 Clumps and crowns lifted and site tidied 2 Carried out the division a b c d Clump-plants: clumps teased apart EITHER with two forks back to back, OR by tearing apart manually, selecting only vigorous outside sets Crowns, like Delphinium: crown cut with a knife to produce sets containing ONE (only) strong bud Crowns like Rhubarb: crown divided into sets with spade, cutting between main buds and ensuring that each set had no more than two cut sides Rhizomatous plants: rhizomes detached by tearing apart or cutting (if necessary) 3 Final preparations made to the planting-site 4 Propagules re-planted with trowel or spade at acceptable spacings and at the correct depth and firmness 5 The surface of the soil tidied around the propagules 6 Plant labelled and unwanted material and debris disposed of Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 39

40 4.3 Sowing a hardy annual border Area of land, 2m x 4m, to represent a section of an annual border, and which has been prepared for sowing seed Draw-hoe Garden-line Sand or ground limestone for marking-out Seed, TEN packets of distinct species of hardy annual flowers, five only need contain seed, five may be simulated packets Some gardeners broadcast the seeds of annuals; others prefer to sow in rows to facilitate subsequent weeding and thinning. This assessment assumes the latter method Instructions to the candidate a b Mark out the areas for sowing the TEN annuals provided, for an aesthetically pleasing display. Label each area. c Sow the seeds of the FIVE annuals for which seeds are available, leaving them uncovered. 1 Areas for sowing the TEN annuals provided marked out using shapes, practical and aesthetically pleasing 2 All areas labelled 3 All seeds from FIVE packets sown a evenly b at the correct depth c in rows the correct distance apart d at an acceptable rate e left uncovered Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

41 4.4 Planting successional bedding Garden line, Marker pegs and Measuring-rod Plants for bedding, in pots, trays or modules, at the correct stage of growth for planting out, about TWENTY groundwork-plants and TEN edging plants Plot of land to simulate a flower-bed and which has been cultivated ready for planting Border fork, Rake,Spade and Trowel Hose-pipe with rose attached or Watering can with rose attached 1 The assessment may be done with either spring or summer bedding plants. 2 Practical considerations make it virtually impossible for candidates to select plants from a wide range to suit their own designs, so they should work within the limits of what can reasonably be provided. 3 A dot plant can be provided, if so desired. Instructions to the candidate a b Make any final preparations needed to prepare the plot indicated for receiving bedding plants. Plant the plants provided in a suitable fashion for a 'bedding' design as edging and groundwork plants 1 Surface of the plot shaped to that of a flower bed 2 Plants prepared for planting by a checking for moisture content and watering if necessary b removing from container, teasing apart, where necessary b grading, trimming and pinching, if needed 3 Positioned the plants where they were to be planted 4 Using a trowel, made holes to the correct size and depth to accommodate the root system comfortably 5 Plants planted, backfilled and firmed, and left erect 6 Soil around each plant tidied while working 7 Watered-in 8 Edge of the bed shaped and plot left tidy Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 41

42 4.5 Identification of hardy annuals, bedding or herbaceous perennials One answer sheet per candidate Samples from trees and shrubs The test can be hardy annuals, bedding, herbaceous perennials or a mixture of all three but only one identification test is allowed for this unit. Instructions to candidate Identify the plants provided by botanical name specimen Answer x Total number correct Success criteria: 7 correct Overall result (Pass/Fail)... Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg.no... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

43 4.6 Planting flower bulbs for a spring display Bed about 2m x 1m Garden fork Garden line Measuring-rod Rake Spade Trowel Twelve bulbs of Narcissus, Hyacinthus or Tulipa 1 For reasons of economy bulb-onions or shallots may be used to represent flower bulbs. 2 The area of bed provided should have been prepared ready for planting. 3 The assessor will state the kind of display required - for example, a flower bed and how many different kinds or colours of bulbs are involved 4 If hyacinths are used, the candidate must be advised to wear suitable gloves Instructions to the candidate a b Plant the bulbs provided for a spring bedding display at the correct density. Leave six uncovered for inspection. 1 Soil firmed and raked to a smooth surface on a flower bed or compost evenly consolidated and smooth surface achieved in a container 2 Bulbs set at their planting stations at correct spacings 3 Holes for receiving bulbs excavated to the correct depth 4 Bulbs planted at correct depth covering six only Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 43

44 4.7 Planting flower bulbs for naturalisation in grass An area of mown turf (not fine lawn) about 5m x 5m Bulb planting tool, trowel and spade Twenty daffodil bulbs or suitable quantity of other 'naturalizing' bulbs For reasons of economy, bulb-onions may be used to represent daffodils. Instructions to the candidate Using an appropriate tool for the size of the bulb, plant the bulbs provided in a random fashion for 'naturalization' in the area indicated. 1 Bulbs distributed to random points within the area allocated 2 Hole made to a suitable depth with the planting tool at the point where each bulb has fallen 3 Bulbs inserted into the hole correctly and covered, FIVE left uncovered Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2

45 4.8 Preparing and planting a hanging basket or decorative container HANGING BASKET Compost Wire hanging-basket Suitable stand, on which to place the basket, whilst making-up Plants suitable for the purpose, sufficient for the candidate to select, including trailing, low-growing and erect plants Sphagnum moss or other lining material Small piece of plastic sheet Instructions to the candidate Make-up and plant for display the hanging-basket provided. 1 Appropriate plants selected a trailing plants b low-growing plants c erect plants 2 Basket lined, ensuring even coverage and a good 'rim'; water-retaining polythene circle or similar positioned at base 3 Layers of compost placed in the base of the lined basket and a selection of training plants planted through the sides 4 Top of basket planted ensuring a balance of plant material b firmness of compost c adequate watering space below the rim 5 An aesthetically pleasing result achieved Candidate signature...date... Candidate Name...Reg. No... Assessor signature...date... NPTC Level 2 Certificate in Gardening-Practical tasks manual July 2007 V2 45