MAP Production and Breeding Research in

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Kerrie Taylor
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1 MAP Production and Breeding Research in Hungary Tradition and Today EUROPAM 20th General Assembly, Juny 24-26, 2015 Budapest, Hungary Zoltán Czirbus, President Prof. Eva Nemeth, Corvinus University Krisztina Mátyás, Secretary

2 Hungarian Herb Growers, Traders and Collectors Association The Association has been representing all segments of the sector: farmers, collectors, industry, traders and researchers since Last year the association started a campaign to reach more potential members: Traditional and new growers, collectors, wholesailers and producers to join. Now it has 32 members, from which 4 are new members.

3 Hungarian MAP sector: Facts in brief 110 species are cultivated and collected Production value of drugs appr. 30 million EUR Recently MAPs have been cultivated on ha, the largest surfaces having poppy, oil pumpkin and mustard Annual production of medicinal plant drugs has been about mt, slightly growing. g Appr. 25 companies are organizing cultivation, collection and primarly processing. Employment: people, mostly season workers, incl. collectors About 100 pruducers of herbal remedies and food supplements Employment: 2000 peoplep Yearly turnover of herbal remedies and food supplements 170 million EUR (Estimates of GYSZT)

4 Collection 70 % of the yearly drug volume originates from the collection Includes type of drugs Hungary has a very diverse landscape with a quite low-level contamination of soils, air and water The collection areas are economically less developed Collecting MAPs offers source of income for poor people

5 Largest quatities on the market from wild collection (2014): Horse chestnut Rose hip Yarrow herb Golden rod herb Nettle herb Horstail herb Chamomile flowers Wormwood herb St. Johns Worth herb Marshmallow root and leaves Elderberry and flowers Mistletoe shoots

6 Regions of collection

7 Collection Problems 1. Characteristic change of generations - knowledge of new collectors is not enough Damage of the natural ecoystems sustainability? black economy illegal extra profit for some wholesaler firms Quality assurance is troublesome (origin, pollutions, etc.) and costly Difficult access to some areas: - decreasing available ruderal fields because of SAPS support (chamomile, hawthorn, rose hip) - irreal high renting fees for permission of owners of private fields - protected areas often refuse permissions, strict control

8 Solutions: C t ll d i t i t ti ( i ti d fi i ) f ll ti Controlled circumstances: intergation (organisation and pre-financing)of collection by expert persons or enterprises: Connection with the owner of the land, nature protection authority, etc. Financial and ethical responsibility for the eventual damages Regular education for the collectors Certificate about the collector status issued by professional organisation Wider and more universal application of GACP

9 Recently, collection is supported by the government (Co-operation agreement with the Ministry of Interior and Ministry of Agriculture) Hungary's public work programmes: local authorities of HU settlements offer to unemployed people public work: In 2013, 51 towns and villages were involved at an area of 145 ha in the MAP sector (growing, collecting, primarly processing). In 2014, 132 towns and villages were involved at an area of 7754 ha with 2826 employees Quantity still very low Education book for public workers on growing gand collecting of medicinal and aromatic plants edited by Association, 100 pages with colour photos Promoting the access of collection areas by free entrance to areas of local governments, state-owned areas, national parks (e.g. most of wild-growing chamomile is collected on the Great Hungarian Plain)

10 Termesztés Cultivation of MAPs The MAP area of cultivation increased recently by 15% primarily because of the area of lemonbalm, thyme, lavender became larger Appr species are cultivated t on appr thousand hectars Large-scale crops: mustard, poppy, caraway, coriander, fennel, anis, dill, pumpkin, milk thistle Medium scale crops: chamomile, lemon balm, thyme, valerian, verbena, coneflower, peppermint, lavander, yarrow, artichoke, plantain

11 Termesztés Advantages: Hungarian MAPs due to the favourable climatic conditions- are potentially of high quality Location of HU assures logistic advantages on the market Assures employment and work for the inhabitants of countryside: several products require a lot of labour Quality assurance can be applyed, reproducibility, documentation, hygienie (GAP system) Some species may be grown even under less advantageous edafic conditions (chamomila, lavader)

12 Disadvantages: In the recent years most MAPs cannot provide competitive prices compared with grains Spectrum of species frequently not coincides with market demand Lack of up-to date technologies in plant care and plant protection Lack of new technologies for new species Lack of good varieties and high quality ypropagation p material Contradictions and limitations of regulations about finished products e.g. EFSA Health claim regulation, THM products, Novel food category, etc.

13 Solutions-measures Raising interest of the farmers for MAP cultivation R+D project supports New regualtions for employment also for temporary ones- considering the special needs of MAP producers Development of intensive plant varieties and their propagation materials Elaboration of new agricultural technologies Special investments for equipment needed in MAP production and processing Licensing of pesticides for MAP cultures 1. issuing emergency use permit for Plant Protection Products (PPPs) in the MAP area 2. work for extension of PPPs in medicinal plants cultivation: chamomile, yarrow, hyssop, lemon balm, peppermint, thyme, milk thistle, Verbena, Rumex, sage, artichoke It Intensive work is going on from 2nd half of 2015 coordinated d by the Ministryi

14 Many thanks for your attention!

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