Costs of producing Seed yam Tuber in aeroponics: A case of Biocrops Biotechnology Limited
|
|
- Brent Dickerson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Costs of producing Seed yam Tuber in aeroponics: A case of Biocrops Biotechnology Limited Adebayo Akinola, Tahirou Abdoulaye, Djana Mignouna, Norbert Maroya and Joseph Odusanya World Congress on Root and Tuber Crops Nanning, Guangxi, China, January 18-22, 2016
2 Outline v Background v Producing in aeroponics v Cost effective attributes of aeroponics technology v Methodology ü Cost analysis ü Sensitivity analysis v Results v Summary
3 Background v The single most important constraints undermining efforts to improve productivity of roots and tubers is poor quality planting materials (Ezeta 2001; Gildermacher et al., 2009, Mignouna et al., 2012, Maroya et al., 2014) v Most farmers in West Africa do not use certified seed yam. The use of certified seed in roots and tubers is estimated to be less than 5 percent (Hidalgo et al., 2009, Mignouna et al., 2014, Maroya et al., 2014) v Relative to area planted using certified seed accounts for just a tiny fraction of total area planted. v Producing certified seed yams involves overcoming a complex combination of technical, ecological, institutional and economic constraints.
4 Background/2 Seed yam unlike cereals take time to produce The process is prohibitive Could results in most cases products in extremely limited supply and of dubious quality Main economic problem is their cost to end-users: Seed yam could take up to 50% of the total production costs (Correa et al., 2009; Mignouna et al., 2014) To relax these constraints, new technologies developed and employed in YIIFSWA projects include Temporary Immersion Bioreactor and Aeroponics Systems
5 Aeroponics System Aeroponics is the process of growing plants in an air or mist environment without the use of soil or an aggregate medium. The word "aeroponic" is derived from the Greek meanings of aero- (air) and ponos (labour) The basic principle of aeroponic growing is to grow plants suspended in a closed or semi-closed environment by spraying the Plant's dangling roots and lower stem with an atomized or sprayed, nutrient-rich water solution. The roots of the plant are separated by the plant support structure. Often, closed-cell foam is compressed around the lower stem and inserted into an opening in the aeroponics chamber, which decreases labor and expense; for larger plants, trellising is used to suspend the weight of vegetation and fruit.
6 Aeroponics system v Ideally, the environment is kept free from pests and disease so that the plants may grow healthier and more quickly than plants grown in a medium.
7 Cost effective attributes of aeroponics system Increased oxygen to plant the increased aeration of nutrient solution delivers more oxygen to plant roots, stimulating growth Disease-free cultivation limit disease transmission since plant-to-plant contact is reduced and each spray pulse can be sterile Greater control of plant environment allows more control of the environment around the root zone, as, unlike other plant growth systems Improved nutrient feeding A variety of different nutrient solutions can be administered to the root zone using aeroponics without needing to flush out any solution or matrix in which the roots had previously been immersed More user-friendly The design of an aeroponic system allows ease of working with the plants It is expected to be cost effective
8 Methodology Data gathering Fixed and variable costs elements were established with the manager and other experts Data were collected on cost elements from the Biocrops Nigeria Limited Supplementary data was collected from IITA-Oracle database Qualitative data were also collected on ease of technology, requirement for equipment and inputs, qualified personnel, possibility of staggered harvests, screenhouse area, effective planting area, etc
9 Cost analysis v A detailed cost analysis was conducted for the aeroponic technology based on all relevant indicators as described by Espinosa et al., (1996) and adapted by Mateus_Rodriguez et al., (2013), Mignouna et al., (2013). Total production cost (TPC, US $ per season) involves fixed costs and variable costs. ü Fixed costs include investment in infrastructure of screenhouse and production modules as well as materials and equipment ü These costs were considered for a variable lifetime (years) and amortized during agricultural season ü Variable costs included inputs of direct use, water, electricity, maintenance and other running costs.
10 Economic projections v The cost of the mini-tuber (C,US $ per unit) was calculated using the formula C=TPC/Q, where Q is the quantity of mini-tubers produced. v For an estimation of gross income (GI, US $), an estimate of sale value was used. This was varied for sensitivity analysis. The net profit (NP, US $) was calculated following Maldonado et al., (2007), NP =GI-TPC and the Profitability was obtained applying the formula, P =NP/TPC*100 v With the figure of TPC, and the estimates of GI and NP, the cashflows were established considering a productive activity of 5 years. v The projected cash flow of the productive activity were then used to define financial viability: Net present value (NPV, US $), internal rate of return (IRR, %), payback period (in years), and benefit-cost ratio.
11 Assumptions v Expectation of good yield that will attract higher price v This is prepared for square meters. The size of aeroponics system at the Biocrops Biotechnology Limited v Aeroponics system will last for five years. This is because by the end of the fifth year, most capital equipment will reach their useful life span and will have to be replaced. v Seed yam generated is the same every year
12 Assumptions/2 v Land rent was not considered because it was done once and for all other components provided by nature v The moneteray unit used is US$ at an exchange rate of N160 to one US$ v Production cost vary in a given proportion in a certain period v Costs and revenue were discounted by 3.4% based on latest available lending rate of 12% for loans of 3 to 5 years minus inflation rate of 8.6%
13 Cost analysis/1 FIXED COST ITEM Amount Percent age Infrastructure: Screenhouse and watering system Electrical Aeroponic module Labour Total
14 Cost analysis/2 Variable costs Planting Materials Electrical energy Commercial nutrients Water/Miscellaneous Maintenance of infractructure and equipment Logistic and other operation
15 Cost analysis/4 Size of the Screenhouse meter Square Effective area meter square Total Fixed Cost 51, Total variable Costs Total Cost 60, Total cost (amortized) Minitubers produced 4032 Minitubers producing a minituber (amortized) 2.99 NPV $54, Cost of producing a minituber per season $2.72
16 Sensitivity analysis At Breakeven price ($3) Discounted Revenue Discounted costs Benefit- cost ratio 1.00 IRR 0.00 Net profit 0.00
17 Sensi'vity analysis/2 At a price of $3.5 Discounted Revenue Discounted costs Benefit- cost ratio 1.17 IRR 10% Net profit
18 Sensitivity analysis If the cost of personel is half & at price ($3) Discounted Revenue Discounted costs Benefit- cost ratio 1.18 IRR 0.15 Net profit Cost of producing a minituber 2.30
19 Sensitivity analysis/2 If the cost of personel is half & at price ($3.5) Discounted Revenue Discounted costs Benefit- cost ratio 1.38 IRR 0.29 Net profit Cost of producing a minituber 2.30
20 Sensitivity analysis/3 If the cost of personel and materials are halved & at price ($3.0) Discounted Revenue Discounted costs Benefit- cost ratio 1.42 IRR 0.34 Net profit Cost of producing a minituber 1.91
21 Sensitivity analysis/4 If the cost of personel and materials are halved & at price ($3.5) Discounted Revenue Discounted costs Benefit- cost ratio 1.66 IRR 0.53 Net profit Cost of producing a minituber 1.91
22 Some qualitative results v The technology generates a great number of bulbils within a very short time. These bulbils if hardened provides another suitable platform for provision of clean seed yam. v Aeroponics technology does not have patents and could be adapted locally. But the degree of local adjustment could be limited v Its potential for replicability could be low because of requirement for equipment, external inputs and specialized personnel. v There is great opportunity for staggered harvests in the aeroponics v Many planting materials could also be generated from the plantlets in the aeroponics
23 Summary v Aeroponics technology provides great opportunity for ameliorating challenges of producing disease-free and high ratio propagated seed yam v However, at present, the cost of producing in the aeroponics is prohibitively high v Cost of labour and materials dominated the cost items. ü Attempts should be made to source for materials for aeroponics locally or local materials should be adapted to its development and operations) v Financial viability indicators are more sensitive to reduction in costs of production than increase in price of products v Attention therefore should be focused on reducing the costs of production in the aeroponics as a way of reducing the costs to the end-users ü Engagement by private entrepreneurs with pure business motives compare to public institution could be more cost-effective
24 Thank you
J.S.Amarnath 1 and M. Brindha 2 1 Professor and 2 Post-graduate Student,
An Investment and Export Analysis of Coir Enterprise in Tamil Nadu, India I. INTRODUCTION India is the largest coir producer in the world accounting for more than 80 per cent of the total world production
More informationFY2017 Consolidated Business Results May 9, 2018 Toshiba Tec Corporation
FY2017 Consolidated Business Results May 9, 2018 Toshiba Tec Corporation Content 01 Key Messages 02 FY2017 Consolidated Business Results 03 FY2018 Forecast 1 Key Messages Toshiba Tec achieved the highest
More informationDID YOU KNOW that the National
Understanding Hydroponics DID YOU KNOW that the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is looking at hydroponics as a means of providing food during space exploration? We tend to think of
More informationRENEWABLE ENERGY FOR EFFICIENT FOOD PROCESSING TO IMPROVE RURAL LIVELIHOODS (RE4FOOD) PROJECT
RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR EFFICIENT FOOD PROCESSING TO IMPROVE RURAL LIVELIHOODS (RE4FOOD) PROJECT REPORT ON THE TECHNO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPED INNOVATIVE 5-TONNE CAPACITY SOLAR BIOMASS HYBRID DRYER
More informationSNAP Hydroponics. PJA Santos ETM Ocampo. AGRILINK 2009 World trade Center Pasay City
SNAP Hydroponics PJA Santos ETM Ocampo and AGRILINK 2009 World trade Center Pasay City Growing plants without soil An inert medium (coco coir dust or charcoaled rice hull) is used, instead of soil, to
More informationHydroponics Systems Q&A
Hydroponics Systems Q&A What Hydroponic System do you guys like the BEST? We get asked this question ALOT. Of course we do...and we definitely have to say that we like Drip Systems the BEST. They are easy
More informationAbstract. Keywords: Controlled biochamber, PLC, Biochamber, Controlled Environment.
A PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) Controlled Biochamber For Micropropagation Of In-vitrio Tissue Cultured Plants. Norlida Buniyamin 1, Zainuddin Mohamad 2, Rofina Yasmin Othman 3, Norzulaani Khalid
More informationFY2017 First Six Months Consolidated Business Results
FY2017 First Six Months Consolidated Business Results November 8, 2017 Content 1. Key Messages 2. FY2017 First Six Months Consolidated Business Results 3. FY2017 Forecast 1 Key Messages Operating income
More informationGarden Project. Year. Name 4-H Age Birth Date
Garden Project Year Your project (Vegetable, Fruit, Flower, Tree, etc. write all that apply): Name 4-H Age Birth Date Year in project Year in 4-H Name of club Signature of project leader For larger project
More informationLaboratory screening of CIP-bred potato clones for abiotic stress tolerance
14 th Steering Committee Meeting Tashkent, 20-22 Sept., 2011 Laboratory screening of CIP-bred potato clones for abiotic stress tolerance Institute t of Botany, Plant Physiology and Genetics (AS RT), Dushanbe,
More informationFinancial profitability of vermicompost in Fulbaria Upazila of Mymensingh district
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-issn: 2319-2380, p-issn: 2319-2372. Volume 10, Issue 10 Ver. II (October 2017), PP 57-61 www.iosrjournals.org Financial profitability of
More informationModel Profile of 1.0 acre Gladiolus Cultivation
Model Profile of 1.0 acre Gladiolus Cultivation 1. Introduction Gladiolus (Gladiolus sp.) is a very popular bulbous ornamental plant. Its magnificent inflorescence with florets of dazzling colours, varying
More informationOF THE MOST AMAZING HYDROPONIC GARDENING SYSTEMS
I was blown away. These books make learning hydroponic gardening really fun and super easy. -- Rob OF THE MOST AMAZING HYDROPONIC GARDENING SYSTEMS EASY TO UNDERSTAND HYDROPONIC GARDENING GUIDES HYDROPONICGARDENINGEBOOK.COM
More informationPlant Breeding and Propagation
Plant Breeding and Propagation Outline Crop Plant Evolution Plant Breeding Sexually Compatible Germplasm Sexually Incompatible Germplasm - Bacterial Gene Cloning Transgenic Plants Seed Propagation Asexual
More informationCHILLI GROWERS WELCOME TO THE CHILLI GROWERS WORKSHOP SHAWN T. PLUMB
CHILLI GROWERS WELCOME TO THE CHILLI GROWERS WORKSHOP SHAWN T. PLUMB TWITTER: @CHILLITOURGUIDE OVERVIEW Housekeeping Introductions History of Chilli Peppers Variety selection Propagating Potting on Support
More informationRecommended Resources: The following resources may be useful in teaching this
Unit B: Establishing a Fruit Garden Lesson 2: Selecting and Planting Fruit and Nut Trees Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives:
More informationInternational recognition of Manuka
Manuka Genetics International recognition of Manuka In year 2014, total honey exports were $202M. In 2015, total honey exports were $285M, a 41% increase in 12 months. Australia imported $48.6M of NZ honey,
More informationGrafting of Tomatoes for Soil-based Production in Greenhouse and High Tunnels Judson Reid, Kathryn Klotzbach and Nelson Hoover
Grafting of Tomatoes for Soil-based Production in Greenhouse and High Tunnels Judson Reid, Kathryn Klotzbach and Nelson Hoover Introduction Soil based greenhouse and high tunnel production of tomatoes
More informationCHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this chapter the data collected from the sample population were critically analyzed using different analytical tools and the observations were presented under the following
More informationSteinhoff: is bigger better?
Dirk van Vlaanderen - Associate Portfolio Manager From its humble beginnings in the 1960s - when German founder, Bruno Steinhoff, began sourcing Eastern European furniture for import to Western Europe
More informationEvaluation of grafting for the mature green tomato production system
Evaluation of grafting for the mature green tomato production system Brenna Aegerter Scott Stoddard UCCE San Joaquin Co. UCCE Merced Co. University of California Cooperative Extension Minghua Zhang & Mike
More informationFinancial Analysis for Early Generation Seed: A Case Study of KEPHIS
Financial Analysis for Early Generation Seed: A Case Study of KEPHIS Srini Rajendran (CIP), Elizabeth Ngundo (KEPHIS), Margaret McEwan (CIP) Regional Technical Support Platform for East, Centeral and Southern
More informationHydroponics development in Japan
Hydroponics development in Japan A Case Study About Garlic Sprout Alfred Cheung 7 September 2016 / Asia World Expo Hong Kong 1 CONTENT OUTLINE Hydroponics background Using shipping containers Principle
More informationQuestion Bank Vegetative Propagation
Question Bank Vegetative Propagation 1. Define vegetative reproduction. Ans. Vegetative reproduction is the formation of a new individual from any vegetative part of the plant body. 2. Mention any two
More informationPlant Propagation for Successful Hydroponic Production
Plant Propagation for Successful Hydroponic Production Hye-Ji Kim Assistant Professor of Sustainable Horticulture Crop Production Oct 14, 2017 What is Hydroponics? Hydroponics = hydros + ponos Water labor
More informationACHIEVEMENT LEVEL DESCRIPTORS
ACHIEVEMENT LEVEL DESCRIPTORS FOR THE PLANT SYSTEMS ASSESSMENT Please note: Students performing at the Meets Expectations level also meet all standards at the Approaches Expectations level, and students
More informationThey are large trees, growing to m tall, deciduous in the dry season
TEAK Teak (Tectona grandis), is a genus of Tropical Hard wood trees in the family Verbinaceae, native to the south and southeast of Asia. They are large trees, growing to 30-40 m tall, deciduous in the
More informationShenandoah Valley Greenhouse Production Workshop January 11, 2012
The Magic of Turns Getting More from Your Greenhouse Space Joyce G. Latimer Extension Specialist, Greenhouse Crops Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA Bedding and Garden Plants Best selling annuals Impatiens
More information1. Title: Large scale multiplication of indigenous Datepalm trees through tissue culture 2. Category: Agriculture/Horticulture Type: Production of
1. Title: Large scale multiplication of indigenous Datepalm trees through tissue culture 2. Category: Agriculture/Horticulture Type: Production of superior quality tissue culture date palm plantlets 3.
More informationThe Dutch Potato Report 2016 With Micosat mycorrhizae, fungi and bacteria
The Dutch Potato Report 2016 With Micosat mycorrhizae, fungi and bacteria The Dutch Potato Report 2016 65 Test fields with controls (57 Consumption + 8 Seed potatoes) 27,337 Analyzed potatoes 350 Hectares
More informationRoof-top-greenhouses, City Landscape and Urban Agriculture
International Journal of Agriculture and Food Science Technology. ISSN 2249-3050, Volume 4, Number 8 (2013), pp. 745-750 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/ ijafst.htm Roof-top-greenhouses,
More informationKrasimira Petkova, Alexander Tashev University of Forestry - Sofia INTRODUCTION
Silva Balcanica, 8(1)/7 SEED PROPAGATION OF ERIOLOBUS TRILOBATA M. ROEM Krasimira Petkova, Alexander Tashev University of Forestry - Sofia Abstract The study presents the results of seed propagation experiments
More informationImpact of vermicompost on quality and yield of chrysanthemum
International Journal of Farm Sciences 2(2): 48-53, 2012 Impact of vermicompost on quality and yield of chrysanthemum JK SAROJANI, JS HILLI and S DEVENDRAPPA* Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dharwad *Directorate
More informationSo you would like to grow onions?
Onions If undelivered please return to the Mediae Company, P.O. Box 215-00502, Karen So you would like to grow onions? Ken and Winrose decided to grow onions. Onions have a good market, mature early and
More informationAeroFlo. Assembly Guide
AeroFlo 20 Assembly Guide AeroFlo 20 PARTS 13 1 4 16 14 15 5 6 3 2 12 17 10 11 9 8 7 AeroFlo 20 PARTS: assembled dimensions: 7 L X 1 6 W X 22 H Chambers Box: 1: Growing Chambers (2 ea) with Laser Spray
More informationAlternative Crop Suitability Methodology
Alternative Crop Suitability Methodology The Alternative Agriculture in Missouri Hub on Community Commons includes model-based ratings of natural suitability for selected alternative crops. These ratings
More informationFor personal use only TOUCHCORP 1H2015 RESULTS PRESENTATION DATED: THURSDAY, 27TH AUGUST 2015
TOUCHCORP 1H2015 RESULTS PRESENTATION DATED: THURSDAY, 27TH AUGUST 2015 DISCLAIMER The material in this presentation has been prepared by Touchcorp Limited ARBN 603 731 184 (Touchcorp) and is general background
More informationBOTANY/HORTICULTURE PLANT SCIENCE AG
Student's Name BOTANY/HORTICULTURE PLANT SCIENCE AG 0514 Directions: Rating Scale: Evaluate the trainee using the rating scale below and check the appropriate number to indicate the degree of competency
More informationSuccess Stories under RKVY: Sector : Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticulture University
Success Stories under RKVY: Sector : Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticulture University Project Name: Centre of Excellence for Floriculture (2016-17) Title : Strengthening and promoting the floricultural
More informationNCEA Level 2 Agricultural and Horticultural Science (91290) 2014 page 1 of 8
NCEA Level 2 Agricultural and Horticultural Science (91290) 2014 page 1 of 8 Assessment Schedule 2014 Agricultural and Horticultural Science: Demonstrate understanding of techniques used to modify physical
More informationACTIVITY 2 How Does Your Garden Grow?
ACTIVITY 2 How Does Your Garden Grow? Study Question: Activity: Curriculum Fit: What is the optimum level of plant nutrient application? In this lesson students will conduct an experiment that will examine
More informationBRIEF. Post-harvest losses along value and supply chains in the Pacific Island Countries. This brief contains:
BRIEF 2015 Post-harvest losses along value and supply chains in the Pacific Island Countries Cover photo source: FAO-SAP Photos collection This brief contains: Post-Harvest Losses (PHL) along value and
More informationModel Curriculum. Gardener SECTOR: SUB-SECTOR: OCCUPATION: REF ID: NSQF LEVEL:
Model Curriculum SECTOR: SUB-SECTOR: OCCUPATION: REF ID: NSQF LEVEL: AGRICULTURE & ALLIED AGRICULTURE CROP PRODUCTION LANDSCAPE AND GARDENING AGR/Q0801, v1.0 4 1 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Curriculum 0 4 2.
More informationWild Simulated. American Ginseng. Andy Hankins. Virginia State University
Wild Simulated American Ginseng Andy Hankins Extension Specialist - Alternative e Agriculture Virginia State University A good site for ginseng is a north or east facing slope under Poplar trees that provides
More informationpropagation whose distinguishable characters are of agricultural significance.
BREEDING METHODS The goal of Plant Breeder is to create superior crop cultivars. A cultivated variety or cultivar, denotes a group of related plant within a specie maintained either by sexually or asexually
More informationBranch Fire Rescue Services
Branch Fire Rescue Services Introduction Through the protection of life, property and the environment, Fire Rescue Services strives to improve the livability of all Edmontonians. The provision of internationally-recognized
More informationComparison of Soil Grown Cannabis Plants in a Plastic Pot, a Fabric Pot and an Octopot Grow System 1
1 TEST PARAMETERS AND GOAL A side by side comparison of the growth of three cannabis plants was carried out to determine efficacy of three soil bearing plant containers. The plant containers used in this
More informationReducing Losses and Extending Availability of Fruits and Vegetables
Reducing Losses and Extending Availability of Fruits and Vegetables Beth Mitcham University of California, Dept. of Plant Sciences Horticulture Innovation Lab Postharvest Technology Center Our projects
More informationEGGPLANT PRODUCTION GUIDELINE CUSTOMER SERVICES: MEMBER OF THE PLENNEGY GROUP SEEDS OF SUCCESS
EGGPLANT PRODUCTION GUIDELINE CUSTOMER SERVICES: 0860 782 753 WWW.STARKEAYRES.CO.ZA MEMBER OF THE PLENNEGY GROUP EGGPLANT 1. HISTORY AND BACKGROUND Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is a species of nightshade
More informationGrowing Lavender in Colorado
Growing Lavender in Colorado by K. A. Kimbrough and C.E. Swift 1 (10/09) Quick Facts... Hardy lavender varieties thrive in Colorado s USDA Hardiness Zones 5 through 7. Lavender grows best in full sun and
More informationEconomic of Potted Gerbera with Different Growth Media under Protected Cultivation in Pune
International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Management. ISSN 2277-3215 Volume 7, Number 1 (2017), pp. 1-6 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Economic of Potted Gerbera with
More informationJatropha curcas Considerations in Setting up a Commercial Scale Plantation Speaker: Jon Mc Lea
Jatropha curcas Considerations in Setting up a Commercial Scale Plantation Speaker: Jon Mc Lea Email: jon.mclea@imperiumrenewables.com The views expressed in this document are those of the author. The
More informationSTARHILL GLOBAL REIT REPORTS 11.4% INCREASE IN 2Q 2010 GROSS REVENUE
Media release by: YTL Starhill Global REIT Management Limited (YTL Starhill Global) Manager of: Starhill Global Real Estate Investment Trust (Starhill Global REIT) STARHILL GLOBAL REIT REPORTS 11.4% INCREASE
More informationWhy transplants? Raising high quality vegetable transplants 2/27/2018. Dr. Ajay Nair Department of Horticulture Small Farm Conference
Raising high quality vegetable transplants Dr. Ajay Nair Department of Horticulture Small Farm Conference 2-10-2018 Why transplants? Uniform seed germination Eliminate variability caused by direct seeding
More informationEvaluating rootzone stresses and the role of the root system on rose crop productivity and fertilizer-water use efficiency:
Evaluating rootzone stresses and the role of the root system on rose crop productivity and fertilizer-water use efficiency: Leachate chemical quality and cumulative biomass and flower yields Raúl I. Cabrera
More informationHow Full is Full? Porosity and Permeability Activity Modified from Environmental Engineering: Lesson 3, How Full is Full? by TeachEngineering.
Purpose How Full is Full? Porosity and Permeability Activity Modified from Environmental Engineering: Lesson 3, How Full is Full? by TeachEngineering.org To study the characteristics of pore space (porosity)
More informationFAMILY FARM HYDROPONICS
FAMILY FARM HYDROPONICS Sustainability, quality, simplicity, and innovation OUR SPECIALTY : 30 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN PLANT NUTRITION Dear Sir, Madam, Thank you for inquiring with General Hydroponics! We
More informationThe Study on the Plant Growth Hormones in EM A Case Study
EM Research Organization Revolutionizing life with EM (Effective Microorganisms) The Study on the Plant Growth Hormones in EM A Case Study Ho In Ho and Kim Ji Hwan Institute of Experimental Biology, Academy
More informationCanopy Management Strategies
Canopy Management Strategies Gary S. Bender Farm Advisor Subtropical orticulture San Diego County The Farm Advisor in California Applied Research Program Education of Growers I have a background in plant
More informationFigure 1.1: Principle of a simple air collector for preheating drying air
MARKET OPPORTUNITIES FOR SOLAR DRYING Ronald G.J.H. Voskens, P.G. Out and B. Schulte Solar thermal, Ecofys energy and environment, P.O. Box 8408, Utrecht, 3503 RK, The Netherlands, +31 30 2808316, +31
More informationEco new farmers. Module 2 Soil and Nutrient Cycling. Section 1 Soils and soil fertility
Eco new farmers Module 2 Soil and Nutrient Cycling Section 1 Soils and soil fertility Module 2 Soil and Nutrient Cycling Section 1 - Soils and soil fertility www.econewfarmers.eu 1. Introduction You will
More informationUse of Tissue culture to alleviate the supply of quality planting materials among cacao smallholder farmers in Cote d Ivoire
Use of Tissue culture to alleviate the supply of quality planting materials among cacao smallholder farmers in Cote d Ivoire Jane Kahia, Siaka Kone, Georges Ngoran, Lucien Diby.,Jean Claude Nzi and Christophe
More informationThe Potato micropropagation
The Potato micropropagation Rolot Jean-Louis www.cra.wallonie.be Armstatehydromet and Ministry of Agriculture Yerevan, March 2012 Some characteristics of the potato multiplication Vegetative reproduction:
More informationREVOLUTIONARY SUGAR BASED PLANT FOOD SYSTEM GROWING WITH SUGARS HAS NEVER BEEN EASIER
REVOLUTIONARY SUGAR BASED PLANT FOOD SYSTEM EASY AS 1-2-3 DRIVE OUT WASTE WITH SIMPLIFIED SUGAR BASED PLANT FOOD PROGRAM Seed/Clones Vegetative Flower Reload Soil BASED ON USING A LIGHT SOIL GROW MEDIUM
More informationUnit A: Understanding Horticulture. Lesson 2: Determining the Importance of the Horticulture Industry
Unit A: Understanding Horticulture Lesson 2: Determining the Importance of the Horticulture Industry 1 Terms Floral production Floriculture Landscape horticulture Olericulture Pomology 2 Describe the popularity
More informationHORTICULTURE (HORT) Horticulture (HORT) 1. HORT 2613 Woody Plant Materials
Horticulture (HORT) 1 HORTICULTURE (HORT) HORT 1003 Home Horticulture Description: Offered by correspondence only. An introduction to horticultural practices for the home gardener. Planning and care of
More informationPotting soil soil mixture- substrates
...enjoy the difference! Potting soil soil mixture- substrates The Company Our Manufacturing Unit Licensed, Certified & Fully automated Patent-Formula Vitalia Mix At Vitalia, a Modern Hellenic Company,
More informationIntroductory Vegetable Production Part 2. Growing Season Conditions CROP PRODUCTION / GROWING SEASON. Seeds vs. Transplants. Planting Considerations
Veg Production Pt 2 - Overview Introductory Vegetable Production Part 2 Production / Harvest / Post-Harvest / Pest Management / Other Planting / Crop Production Growing Season Extension / Expansion Harvest
More informationDeSantis PHC: Comparison of Plans
A Health Plan for Your Garden. DeSantis Landscapes introduces Plant Health Care (PHC), a landscape fertilization and spray program that is custom designed to keep your lawn, trees and shrubs healthy, vigorous
More informationCoimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit State Examinations Commission
WARNING This Question Paper MUST be returned with your answer book at the end of the Examination: otherwise marks will be lost. Write your Examination Number here M. 39 Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit State
More informationTHE EFFECTS OF MINITUBER SIZE AND HARVEST DATE ON GERMINATION, TUBER SET, AND YIELD OF RUSSET BURBANK POTATOES. Steven R. James '
THE EFFECTS OF MINITUBER SIZE AND HARVEST DATE ON GERMINATION, TUBER SET, AND YIELD OF RUSSET BURBANK POTATOES Steven R. James ' ABSTRACT An experiment was established in 1985 at Powell Butte to evaluate
More informationEffect of Nitrogen and Potassium on Growth and Development of Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep.
Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium on Growth and Development of Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep. S. Ruamrungsri, C. Suwanthada N. Ohtake, K. Sueyoshi and T. Ohyama and P. Apavatjrut Department of Applied Biological
More informationIntroduction of Organic Liquid Foliar Fertilizer ORGAMIN
Introduction of Organic Liquid Foliar Fertilizer ORGAMIN Contents 1. What is ORGAMIN? 2. Feature 3. Analysis with HPLC 4. How to apply 5. Expected effect 6. Effect of ORGAMIN DA 7. Summary of effect 1
More informationGlobal Water Pipeline Leak Detection System (LDS) Market: Trends, Opportunities and Forecasts ( )
Global Water Pipeline Leak Detection System (LDS) Market: Trends, Opportunities and Forecasts (2015-2020) By Technology Equipment, Inspection Service By Equipment Acoustic, Non Acoustics By Type Continuous
More informationZAW HTET AUNG PROGRAMME ASSOCIATE RADANAR AYAR
ZAW HTET AUNG PROGRAMME ASSOCIATE RADANAR AYAR What is Radanar Ayar doing? 1. Seed Production 2. Crop Production 3. Second Crop Production (Cash Crop) 4. FAATU s Services Harvesting is - the process of
More informationGardening: Organic Vegetable Gardening Made Easy PDF
Gardening: Organic Vegetable Gardening Made Easy PDF Are you tired of overpriced vegetables? Are you sick of washing off all those nasty pesticides from undernourished vegetables grown in depleted soil?
More informationDesign of Solar Dryer with Turboventilator and fireplace
Design of Solar Dryer with Turboventilator and fireplace Prof. Ajay Chandak & Dr. Sunil K. Somani, Prof. Deepak Dubey PRINCE, Suman Foundation, Shamgiri, Agra Road, Deopur, DHULE: 424005, INDIA 1. Abstract
More informationINVESTOR PRESENTATION
TOUCHCORP LIMITED ASX:TCH WWW.TOUCHCORP.COM INVESTOR PRESENTATION $25.6M CAPITAL RAISING SEPTEMBER 2016 TOUCHCORP LIMITED 1 TOUCH SERVICE OFFERING TOUCHCORP NOW OFFERS ITS CUSTOMERS A COMPLETE OMNI-CHANNEL
More information36 ways. fresh fruit and vegetable profit per kg. Retractable Roof Greenhouses can increase. by 50%-100%
36 ways Retractable Roof Greenhouses can increase fresh fruit and vegetable profit per kg by 50%-100% and generate a 2 to 5 year return on investment There are at least 36 ways that Cravo Retractable roof
More informationEffect of Method of Application of Double Superphosphate on the Yield and Phosphorus Uptake by Sugar Beets 1
Effect of Method of Application of Double Superphosphate on the Yield and Phosphorus Uptake by Sugar Beets 1 W. E. LARSON 2 Optimum phosphate fertilizer placement for sugar beets is probably dependent
More information2017 Sweet Potato Slip Production Research Update
2017 Sweet Potato Slip Production Research Update This research update shares findings from the 2017 slip propagation season. Canadian sweet potato growers rely on planting material from the U.S. Slips
More informationYear-end report January-December January 24, 2014 Magnus Agervald and Pernilla Walfridsson
Year-end report January- January 24, 2014 Magnus Agervald and Pernilla Walfridsson Summary January In the fourth quarter, Byggmax increased net sales 7.7 percent. Net sales amounted to SEK 633.2 M (587.9)
More informationCOIR FIBRE PITH AS A GROUND COVER IN COCONUT PLANTATIONS OF ANDIGAMA SHALLOW SOILS IN SRI LANKA: AN EX-POST FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Printed in Sri Lanka COIR FIBRE PITH AS A GROUND COVER IN COCONUT PLANTATIONS OF ANDIGAMA SHALLOW SOILS IN SRI LANKA: AN EX-POST FINANCIAL ANALYSIS K.V.N.N. Jayalath, M.T.N. Fernando and C.S. Ranasinghe
More informationTAXONOMY. Plant Family. Species Scientific Name Scientific Name Vaccinium corymbosum L.
Plant Propagation Protocol for Vaccinium corymbosum ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/vaco.pdf Plant Family Scientific Name Common Name Ericaceae
More informationHarmonizing Grapevine Nursery Stock Certification Programs in the Pacific Northwest
Harmonizing Grapevine Nursery Stock Certification Programs in the Pacific Northwest Boiseweekly Objectives Compare quarantines and certification programs Design a harmonized certification program and a
More informationTurn-key. Solutions. Multi Layer. & Consultancy
Turn-key Multi Layer Solutions & Consultancy Turn-key factory ViVi Turn-key factory. ViVi provides you with a turn-key solution for a complete laboratory for any starting material (tissue culture, seed
More informationGrower Summary PO 005
Grower Summary PO 005 Column stocks (cut-flowers): An Investigation into the cause(s) of poor establishment, growth and flower uniformity in commercial crops. Annual 2011 Disclaimer AHDB, operating through
More informationFUTURE ORCHARDS Crop Loading. Prepared by: John Wilton and Ross Wilson AGFIRST Nov 2007
FUTURE ORCHARDS 2012 Crop Loading Prepared by: John Wilton and Ross Wilson AGFIRST Nov 2007 Crop load has a major impact on crop out turn and profitability and is one of the few production factors under
More informationWhat is Hydroponics?
Plant Propagation for Successful Hydroponic Production Hye-Ji Kim Assistant Professor of Sustainable Horticulture Crop Production February 13, 2018 What is Hydroponics? Hydroponics = hydros + ponos Water
More informationSYM BIO INDUSTRIES SDN BHD INTRODUCTION OF SYM BIOGREEN NATURAL PLANT BIO ENHANCER
SYM BIO INDUSTRIES SDN BHD INTRODUCTION OF SYM BIOGREEN NATURAL PLANT BIO ENHANCER How Does Sym Bio Soil Enhancer Work? Hardened & Damaged Soil Caused By Using NPK And Chemical Fertilizer In order to meet
More informationYam production in Ghana: To stake or not to stake - A plant breeding perspective
Proceedings of the 13 th ISTRC Symposium, 27 pp. 51-55 Yam production in Ghana: To stake or not to stake - A plant breeding perspective Otoo E. 1, Ennin S.A. 2 and Ekpe E.O. 3 1 Crops Research Institute,
More informationChange, change, change: New standards for better plants
Change, change, change: New standards for better plants February 11, 2015 Kyle Daniel Nursery and Landscape Outreach Specialist Purdue University www.hort.purdue.edu/greenindustry ClassicPics Agenda
More informationCrop%Planning%at%School%Grown%
Crop%Planning%at%School%Grown% WELCOME!%% 8%Thank%you%for%coming!%We%are%happy%you%are%here% % 8%Agenda%for%our%session% 8%IntroducDons%of%your%facilitators/farmers% AGENDA!% 8 %Intro%to%School%Grown%
More informationCROP HUSBANDRY AND HORTICULTURE
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION CROP HUSBANDRY AND HORTICULTURE There will be three papers, Papers 1, 2 and 3 all of which must be taken. Papers 1 and 2 will be a composite paper to be taken at one sitting. PAPER
More informationWESFARMERS FORECASTS CONTINUED STRONG GROWTH
WESFARMERS FORECASTS CONTINUED STRONG GROWTH 13 June 2001 Wesfarmers Limited today announced its takeover offer for all of the shares in Howard Smith Limited and provided its bidder s statement (the Bidder
More informationRequest for Expression of Interest
Request for Expression of Interest Establishing and Operating an Urban Farm at Downsview Park Canada Lands Company CLC Limited (CLC) is inviting individuals and organizations to submit an Expression of
More informationEstablishing new trees possible impacts of rootstock propagation method on young tree growth Ute Albrecht
Establishing new trees possible impacts of rootstock propagation method on young tree growth Ute Albrecht Southwest Florida Research and Education Center UF/IFAS, Immokalee, FL Rootstock breeding programs
More informationAgronomy of Castor Beans. Crop Research Unit Research & Development Division Ministry of Industry Commerce Agriculture & Fisheries
Agronomy of Castor Beans Crop Research Unit Research & Development Division Ministry of Industry Commerce Agriculture & Fisheries Introduction Scientific Name: Ricinus communis General description: tall,
More informationGetting Started with Your Vegetable Garden
The Basics Getting Started with Your Vegetable Garden Nathan Gerber Advanced Master Gardener USU Extension Thanksgiving Point A little About Vegetables Choosing the Right Location Planning your Garden
More informationScS Group Plc Interim Results For The 26 Weeks Ended 24 January 2015 March 2015
ScS Group Plc Interim Results For The 26 Weeks Ended 24 January 2015 March 2015 October 2014 H1 2015 Highlights Financial Highlights: Like for like sales order intake up 7.8% Flooring up 13.0% Total sales
More information