Experiences of Czech municipalities with introducing biowaste collection

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1 Experiences of Czech municipalities with introducing biowaste collection Michal Struk, Jiří Hřebíček, Zdeněk Horsák Masaryk University &SITA CZ (SUEZ)

2 Biowaste in the Czech Republic In the Czech conditions primarily green waste from the gardens, parks, etc. Currently expected to make 60%+ of the total Czech MSW (comparable with other EU c.) Often ends in the landfills Increases MSW volume, releases gases, expensive

3 Biowaste in the Czech Republic Situation is changing in the recent years Gardens are used less for the production, more for the ornamental purposes excessive biowaste Separated collection previously only in some municipalities, or as a part of the CA sites Increasing public demand for the biowaste treatment So, how are the municipalities dealing with this?

4 Data collection Experiences of local authorities from the South Moravia Regions (CZE) with biowaste collection Combination of an e mail survey (very few responses) and telephone interviews (better ) Interviews occurred during summer 2014 with sufficient data for 535 municipalities

5 Data content Availability of biowaste collection Since when it is provided In what form it is provided What are the overall experiences with the biowaste collection, with the introduction, etc.? What is the overall opinion regarding biowaste?

6 Biowaste separation availability Yes Partially No or N/A 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

7 *Note on the recent situation New Ordinance requires all Czech municipalities to provide some biowaste separation option (but home composting NOT ACCEPTED) Effective since spring 2015 Today every municipality should provide something in order to deal with the biowaste

8 Responses differentiation 1. Small municipalities (up to a few hundred citizens) mostly of consisting older family houses with larger gardens, often with agricultural function 2. Medium sized municipalities (up to few thousands citizens) consisting of both family houses with gardens, villas and some apartment housing 3. Large municipalities with larger areas of apartment housing, family houses and villas tend to have smaller gardens

9 Results Small municipalities People are often used to treat their biowaste Own agricultural production is common Alternatively in/formal contracts with local farmers or between citizens With the new system introduced, people are tempted to go with the more convenient option Economical impacts depend on previously prevailing system (home composting/residual)

10 Results Medium municipalities People are less used to treat their biowaste Biowaste from gardens often ends as residual Introduction of biowaste collection is perceived positively (adjustment period needed) Subsidized home composters, door to door collection, centralized bins/containers Often resulted in decreased frequency of residual waste collection (alternating with bio)

11 Results Large municipalities Separate collection of biowaste appreciated, as people usually have no use for biowaste But often irrelevant for people in the apartments, resp. relevant only in some municipal areas Usually a combination of CA sites, mobile collection, drop off points, door to door Additional green waste from public parks Lack of space, contamination with other fractions

12 Results overall observations After initial reluctance, people welcome it Local authorities understand the benefits Less MSW, often lower costs, additional resource Necessary to properly inform people System is not ready (capacity of plants, little compost demand, legislation, bureaucracy) Low landfilling fees for mixed waste sometimes do not motivate to treat the biowaste separately

13 Conclusions Biowaste collection generally as a positive More relevant for medium and larger municipalities Less relevant for small municipalities Some time for adjusting is needed Crucial is to inform the people, show examples, etc. Possibilities to reduce waste collection frequency, lower total costs, compost production Whole system needs to be further improved

14 Thank you for your attention researchgate.net/profile/michal_struk