FOS&S: Fibre Optic Sensors & Sensing Systems. Recent advances in fibre optic sensing. Turning optical fibers into sensors

Transcription

1 Turning optical fibers into sensors FOS&S: Fibre Optic Sensors & Sensing Systems Recent advances in fibre optic sensing Marc R-H Voet Chairman & President FOS&S & FBGS Technologies

2 Topics

3 Company

4 Company

5 Main market focus Test & Measurement SHM in Civil engineering OEM solutions Generic Technology Platform

6 Customers Aerospace R&D WTCB Civil Engineering Strain Analysis Oil & Gas

7 Topics

8 FOS&S Technologies FOS&S CORE TECHNOLOGY FOS&S also acts as SYSTEM INTEGRATOR for non FOS&S technologies

9 Technology Conventional strain measurements

10 Technology Optical strain measurements Inserted light Fiber Bragg grating Reflected light Reflected light Strain

11 Fibre Bragg grating principles

12 Technology

13 Technology Draw tower set-up Photosensitive PREFORM Laser Interferometer FOS&S has a unique industrial process worldwide to automatically produce FBGs based on fibre draw tower technology, named Draw Tower Gratings (DTGs TM )

14 Draw Tower Gratings Photosensitive PREFORM Interferometer Coating Cup + + HIGH STRENGTH FBG = DTG

15 Draw Tower Gratings Unique DTG characteristics enhance advantages of the FO technology!

16 Topics

17 Opportunities

18 High multiplexing capabilities Complex network architecture possible: Active multiplexers (for static applications) Sensors put in series Mix of different sensors on same optical backbone Passive star configurations on any location Signal transmission over long distances

19 Opportunities Characteristics of FO sensors result into unique opportunities!

20 Excellent fatigue resistance FO strain gauges show superior fatigue resistance compared to electrical strain gauges 1544 y = E+01x E [nm] Strain [%] strain calibration glass reinforced composite from 0.24 to %

21 Excellent fatigue resistance Fatigue behaviour 30 times better than electrical strain gauges!

22 Opportunities Characteristics of FO sensors result into unique opportunities!

23 Explosion safe Sensor passive element, only transmitting ligth No electrical signals No metallic wires needed (sparks due to lightening) Explosion safe environments!/? FOS&S interrogators << 35 mw no ignition risk!

24 Application: Mines Methane explosion risks Installed mines Asse (Germany) Konrad (Germany) Grimsel (Switzerland) Wismuth (Germany) Morsleben (Germany) Aspo (Sweden) Mont Terri (Switzerland) Andra (France)

25 Opportunities Characteristics of FO sensors result into unique opportunities!

26 Application: temperature monitoring ROV Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) Temperature critical on winch Temperature cable based on FBG technology integrated in power cable Cable length ranging from 3 to 8 km

27 Application: Stonecutters bridge Distributed Temperature sensing of stay cables. Integration of fiber optic temperature sensors inside stay cables. Raman based temperature system (DTS) 7 sensor cables per stay cable Sensor length ranging from 388 to 572m FOS&S supplied sensor cables

28 Opportunities Characteristics of FO sensors result into unique opportunities!

29 Application: Composite embedding Thermo plastic composite 80 µm DTG embedding Funded by Belgium government

30 Opportunities Characteristics of FO sensors result into unique opportunities!

31 High strain resistance DTGs have a high breaking strength >> 5% strain 60 Standardkraft in N Prüfzeit in s F max σ-max L0 S0 Nr N MPa mm mm² % elongation No plastic deformation zone

32 Topics

33 Complete application set up Strain gauge kit: to measure strain at multiple locations on objects

34 Application: Modal analysis of a rotor blade

35 Application: Aeronatics SCOPE Replacement electrical strain gauges / validated for 6 materials: Stainless steel/ steel/al/ti/inconel/ Carbon composite Cable network Measurement device Kerosene integrity testing Project co-funded by Belgium goverment First flight test foreseen 2010

36 Topics

37 Civil engineering sensors: product portfolio Temperature probes Temperature chain sensor Geodetect Strain gauge Mountable strain sensor Load cell Strain cable Anchor strain chain Embeddable strain sensor Displacement sensor Draw tower gratings (DTGs) form the core of the FOS&S sensors

38 Read out system (static)

39 Read out system (dynamic)

40 Sensing solutions: overview Fiber optic modules for civil construction monitoring (Strain) monitoring on metal structures (Strain) monitoring on concrete structures Fiber optic cable lines Cable backbone Module measurement unit PC cabinet Monitoring foundation, ground & soil movements

41 Turning optical fibers into sensors (Strain) monitoring on metal structures

42 Product: Strain gauges Features High strength sensors Excellent fatigue resistance properties (better than electrical) Direct fixation of the sensors to the metallic surface Single fiber cable can contain multiple sensing points Strain resolution 0.85 µstrain Strain range +/ µstrain

43 Product: Temperature sensors Features Temperature sensors for single ended or serial configurations Resolution 0.1 C Temperature range -20 C to 85 C Watertight and ruggedized housing possible Embeddable in concrete Mostly used for temperature compensation

44 Application: Pipeline monitoring Project for SAIPEM (Oil & Gas) Business : contractor pipeline installations and drilling Product : Strain measurement sensors for pipelines FOS&S has installed a system for continuous monitoring of strains (and temperatures) on a stretch of pipeline based on fiber optic sensors. The total length of the pipeline to be monitored is 1300 m.

45 Application: Railway bridge monitoring Monitor stability of the load distribution over time to verify how wear and environmental factors affect the safety status of the bridge (long term behaviour) Compare actual load distribution with the theoretical load distribution Dynamic (short term) behaviour of the bridge due to traffic (trains, cars, trucks) Vibration measurement: Strain [µ ] FO electric t [s]

46 Application: Highway deployment monitoring Strain sensor on threaded anchor Epoxy embedded fibre 22m steel foundation pillars: strain gauges every 2.5m Tensile strain calibration test on foundation pillar 500 FO strain measurements on anchors and foundation pillars for highway deployment Strain (µe) Time (s)

47 Application: Athens Olympic Stadium All sensors for SHM: 32 strain sensor segments 5 tri axial accelerometers 16 displacement sensors 25 temperature sensors 3 load cells for soil pressure 1 anemometer

48 Application: Athens Olympic Stadium Indication of extreme strains along tube circumference

49 Application: TV tower, Ferris wheel (China) New project: long term structural health monitoring of wheel behaviour (in preparation): strain gauge chains on wheel components, which are alternatively loaded in tension and compression during rotation

50 Turning optical fibers into sensors (Strain) monitoring on concrete structures

51 Product: Strain cable Features Long base strain gage with standard base lengths of 1 to 10 meter Detects strain changes between anchoring points Strain cable can be connected with other sensors in series Temperature compensation via FO temperature sensor in series (optional) Watertight and ruggedized housing, suited for harsh environments Strain resolution 1 µstrain Strain range +/ µstrain

52 Strain cable application Arraiz tunnel Bilbao (Spain) Concrete wall deformation measurement Gauge length 1m 4 lines, 12 sensors in series per line 10 m between sensors Temperature compensated

53 Strain cable application Arraiz tunnel Bilbao (Spain) 10 0 Date 11/02/2010 0:00 16/02/2010 0:00 21/02/2010 0:00 26/02/2010 0:00 3/03/2010 0:00 8/03/2010 0:00 13/03/2010 0:00 µstrain [10^-6] Tunnel works E1-1a E1-2a E1-1b E1-2b -50

54 Strain cable application Wiedauwkaai bridge Gent (Belgium) Measurement of movements of central support island 4 strain cables installed for in plane rotational and translational movements Additional sensors installed for structural response analysis: Anchor strain chains Temperature sensors

55 Strain cable application dxmid dymid dlmid rotation Displacement (mm) Heavy train passage: 0 small rotational change 0.05 Rotation (degrees) 1 Time (s) 0.1

56 Product: Mountable strain sensor Features Short base strain gage with standard base lengths of 7 to 9 cm Strain sensor can be connected with other sensors in series configuration Detects strain changes between anchoring points Watertight and ruggedized housing, suited for harsh environments Displacement resolution 0.04µm Displacement range 200µm

57 Mountable strain sensor application STRAIN SENSORS STRAIN SENSORS Europort harbour Rotterdam (Netherlands) Quai wall monitoring Strain measurements on a series of 24 fenders Complete system installed to measure strain under water Range: 1000µstrain (at 10m dept) 2 cylinders above each other per fender with 4 sensors each Temperature compensated 106 MS 01 and 15 temperature probes

58 Product: Embeddable strain sensor Features Embeddable short base strain gage with sub-µstrain precision Detects strain changes between anchoring points Strain measurement, both in tension & in compression Strain sensor can be placed in series Watertight and ruggedized housing, suited for harsh environments

59 Sensors in deck Embeddable strain sensor application Stay cable bridge Helsinki (Finland) (in construction) 6 embeddable strain sensors, mounted on concrete rebars to monitor the pile bridge connection area Temperature compensation by TP 02 sensors 6 embeddable strain sensors, 42 (embedded) strain cables and 26 temperature sensors in total 16 lines, about 5 sensors in series per line 5m between sensors

60 Embeddable strain sensor application Sensors in pylon Sensor spectrum after concrete filling: Pos C Pos C Stay cable bridge Helsinki (Finland) (in construction)

61 Turning optical fibers into sensors Monitoring foundation, ground and soil movements

62 Product: Anchor strain chain Features Multi-segment strain sensor, each strain segment containing 1 sensor between two anchoring points Standard segment lengths: between 0.5m and 5m Strain chain can be connected with other sensors in series Sensor designed for embedding in structures such as grout Strain resolution 1 µstrain Strain range +/- 5000µstrain Temperature compensation via FO temperature sensor in series (optional)

63 Anchor strain chain application Slope monitoring Limelettes (Belgium) Strain chain inserted into 8m long anchors Distributed strain monitoring Series configuration On site installation Fiber fixated by grouting and miniaturized anchors

64 Application: Anchor Strain Chain

65 Anchor strain chain application Wiedauwkaai bridge Gent (Belgium) 3 anchor strain chains inserted vertical movement of support during bridge opening Anchor strain chain data during bridge opening Sens :29 14:29 14:30 14:31 14:31 14:32 14:33 14:34 14:34 14:35

66 Product: Geodetect Features Geo-textile, equipped with multiple optical fiber sensors Combines reinforcement, strain measurement with warning system Very reliable (insensitive to the environment) Highly sensitive (detects deformation levels of 10µstrain) High strength and durability in soils Applicable to a wide range of geo-synthetics in soil reinforcement

67 References: Geodetect Rails Ballast Platform Geodetect 0,25 m 0,5 m > 5 m References Detection of incidents in soil (strain or failure) Any events in the underground resulting in Strain of Geodetect can be detected (up to 3%) Strain measurements Movements of earthwork structures and development of soil formations can be measured Alarm in real time Any strain in Geodetect can lead to an immediate warning signal Location of incidents The area of the event can be localized SNCF Arbois (France) Bypass Saint Saturnin (France) Bukit Batok (Singapour) Breitengussbach Germany Tokyo Science Univ (Japan) Cheras wall and slope (Malaysia) NCHRP modular block walls (USA) Krems Austria Rodlauerbridge Styria Austria National Cooperative Highway Project (USA) Dakar Senegal ASIRI project (France) Carrières sous Poissy (France) Newry to Dundalk (Ireland) Damansara Kuala lumpur (Malaysia)

68 Geodetect railway monitoring

69 New product: Extendable strain cable Features Strain cable for high strain measurements (up to 5%) Very ruggedized & reliable Especially designed for installation on geo-grids as soil reinforcements

70 Product: Displacement sensor Features Measurement of displacements up to 8cm Displacements in both directions (inward or outward movement) to be measured Temperature compensation by means of an internal temperature sensor Displacement resolution 0.05% Full Scale Displacement range 20/50/80 mm

71 Displacement sensor application Hsueh Wu tunnel, Fu Hsing (Taiwan) Tunnel deformation due to mountain instability The weight of the mountain causes the tunnel to move towards the valley Displacement sensors to monitor cracks

72 Product: Borehole deformation system Features Measurement of axial displacements in boreholes Up to 5 anchoring points possible Temperature chain for temperature compensation purposes (optional) Displacement resolution 1µstrain of full depth

73 BDS application m Azimut: 150,56 Packer Niche 4-67, m Optical cable Length = 21.5 m Shaft 23.2 m m m Intevall no m Top of borehole -469 m 23.0 m 0.77 m drawn not to scale Mont Terri tunnel in Switzerland Monitoring of settlements of tunnel Relative measurement (between surface and borehole anchor) 5 segments for each borehole Typical borehole depth: 20m Borehole diameter: 86 mm

74 Product: Load cell Features Load cell LC-01 consists of an oil filled pad connected to the P-01 optical fibre pressure sensor When subjected to load, the oil inside the pad is pressurised and this pressure change is transferred to the pressure sensor Pressure ranges from 1 up to 150 bar Temperature compensation possible through optical fibre temperature sensor Measurement of (underground) loads and stresses Load resolution 0,1% Full Scale Load range up to 150 bar

75 Topics

76 OEM application: wind turbines FO strain sensors (4 locations) FO strain sensors (4 locations) FO temperature sensor FO temperature sensor FBG interrogator Fiber optic interconnection cable Sensors at different heights of the main shaft Sensors installed in cylindrical root section of rotor blades

77 OEM application: wind turbines Measurement at Hitachi (Japan): Main shaft strain/stress data

78 OEM application: medical Requirement: closely spaced FO based in vivo pressure sensors over extended lengths to pick up peristaltic pressure waves, travelling along the gastro intestinal tract Aim: radically improve the identification of biomarkers for gastro intestinal motility in health and disease Aid medical practitioners to diagnose oesophageal and colonic disorders

79 Thank you FOS&S bvba Cipalstraat 14 B 2440 Geel Phone: Web: s.com